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L/O/G/OL/O/G/OL20Pioneerpilots飞行员的先驱BySmileL/O/G/OSummerywritingofL19•Mrs.Ramsayreceivedananonymousletterthreedaysafterhercat’sdisappearance.Thewriteroftheletterdemanded₤1,000forthereturnofthecat,andwarnedshewouldneverseehimagainifshewenttothepolice.L/O/G/O•Shehadtoputthemoneyincardboardboxandleaveitoutsideherdoor.Afterdrawing₤1,000fromherbank,sheactedonthekidnapper’sinstructions.Themoneydisappearedthefollowingmorning,andhercat,Rastus,returnedatseveno’clockthatevening.Newwordsandexpression生词和短语•pioneern.先驱vi.vt.开拓,为…开路,作先驱者•Youngpioneer少先队员•apioneerofoperation手术的开创者•advocaten.提倡者,鼓吹者•vt.提倡,鼓吹•-eer:•volunteer志愿者;•engineer工程师;•mountaineer登山者;•auctioneer拍卖人；竞争者•profiteer暴利获得者，奸商;•lordn.对（英国）贵族的尊称；勋爵lordshipn.贵族权力,贵族身份lordlyadj.adv.高傲的,贵族般地,有气派地•mylord阁下（对某些贵族、法官及主教的尊称）theLord上帝•theHouseofLords上议院；•theHouseofCommons下议院•Thephraseaboutlord•livelikealord过着贵族般的生活;•lordofcreation万物之灵；人类;•treatsb.likealord阔绰地款待某人•duken.公爵•earln.英伯爵•baronn.男爵(英国世袭的最低级的贵族爵位),大财主•（女性为：baroness）•Calaisn.加来（法国港市）•overlandadj.陆上的;横跨陆地的；•anoverlandroute陆上路线totraveloverland（作）陆上旅行•overnightn.头天晚上adj.通宵的,晚上的,前夜的adv.在前一夜,整夜,昨晚一晚上anovernighttrip一整夜的旅行anovernightguest过夜的客人•overpopulated•adj.人口过密的,人口过剩的•overseas•adv.海外adj.外国的,海外的•overseastudent海外留学生•overseaChinese华侨•over+动词（over表示超过）•overeatvt.使吃过量vi.吃得过多•oversleepvt.(使)睡过头vi.睡过头,睡得太久•overworkn.过度工作v.(使)工作过度•overchargev.讨价过高,使过量装填,过度充电n.超载,过重的负担,过度充电•overestimatevt.评价过高n.估计的过高•enginen.发动机,机车,火车头•latestadj.最后的,最迟的,最新的,最近的n.最新消息,最新式样•Dovern.多佛（英国东南部的港口）Questions•WhatwasthenameofthefirstplanetoflyacrosstheEnglishChannel?Morequestions•1.OnwhatdatedidBleriotandLathamarriveatCalais?•2.Diditlookasiftherewouldbearace?•3.Whenwouldittakeplace?•4.WhydidLathamnottakepartintherace?•5.DidBleriotmakeashorttestflightbeforesettingout?•6.HowlongdidittakehimtoflyacrosstheChannel?•7.WhogreetedhimwhenhearrivedDover?•8.HowneartoDoverdidLathamflythefollowingday?•9.Whydidhehavetolandontheseaforthesecondtime?TextindetailsExplanation•In1908LordNorthcliffeofferedaprizeof£1,000tothefirstmanwhowouldflyacrosstheEnglishChannel.•(1)Lord勋爵•LordNorthcliffe诺斯克里夫勋爵北岩勋爵(1865-1922)•Agreatjournalist一个伟大的新闻人•ThefounderofEnglishmodernjournalism•英国现代新闻事业的创始人。•他生于爱尔兰一个穷困的律师之家，幼年随父母移居伦敦。少年时代即从事新闻工作：15岁在一家报社做杂活；17岁成为《青年》杂志的助理编辑，并成为《晨邮报》和《圣詹姆公报》撰稿人。1884年，在《旅行》杂志工作了18个月，很受器重。•thefirstmanwhowouldflyacross…•=thefirstmantoflyacross...•序数词和动词不定式to搭配连用可以代替其后的定语从句•Thefirstpersontogreethimwasalocalpoliceman•Shewastheonlyonetosurvivetheplanecrash.•她是唯一幸存与飞机失事的人。•=Shewastheonlyonethatsurvivedtheplanecrash.EnglishChannelTheEnglishChannel,oftenreferredtosimplyastheChannel,isanarmoftheAtlanticOceanthatseparatessouthernEnglandfromnorthernFrance,andjoinstheNorthSeatotheAtlantic.Itisabout560kmlongandvariesinwidthfrom240kmatitswidestto34kmintheStraitofDover.ItisthesmallestoftheshallowseasaroundthecontinentalshelfofEurope,coveringanareaofsome75,000km2(2)Offeraprizeofhowmuchforsth因为什么提供多少钱的奖励awardaprize提供奖励TheschoolawardedMerryaprizeforhergoodwork.学校因为她工作好而奖励了梅丽.•(3)winaprize赢得奖励•receiveaprize•Hewonaprizeforgoodbehavioratschool.•他因在校的表现好而获奖.•Therewillbeaprizeforthewinner.•优胜者将获得奖品.(4)offerapriceforsth出价putmoneyonsb’shead悬赏捉拿某人offerone’shandtosb.握手时伸出手Offeryourhanduponintroductionandhaveafirmhandshake.见面时主动伸手,握手有力.offeridentitycard出示身份证(5)flyacross飞越sailacross横渡swimacross游过comeacross通过遇上碰到Icameacrossagroupofchildrenplaying.我碰到一群正在玩耍的小孩。Weliketoidentifyandcelebratewomen'ssuccesswheneverwecomeacrossit.每当女性取得成功，我们都会表示认同并予以颂扬。Explanation•Overayearpassedbeforethefirstattemptwasmade.(1)Thefirstattemptwasmadeafteroverayearpassed.before比after更强调过去的时间长。(2)Thefirstattemptwasnotmadeuntiloverayearpassed.Explanation(1)“before”作为连词的用法：其基本含义是“在…之前”，也可以根据语境的不同灵活翻译成“才”、“还没来得及就…”、“就”等等含义。•1）与情态动词can/could连用，这时从句虽为肯定形式，根据汉语习惯译成“还没来得及就”，强调从句动作发生之前主句的动作已经发生。Beforeshecouldmove,sheheardaloudnoise,whichgrewtoaterribleroar.2)用于肯定句中强调主句所表达的时间、距离长，或花费的精力多，译成“才”；①Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawlands.②Wewaitedalongtimebeforethetrainarrived.3)用于否定句中，强调主句所表达的时间、距离短，或花费的精力少，译成“不到…就”；Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.4)主句含有hardly、scarcely等半否定词时，可以译成“刚…就”，这时主句过去完成时，从句过去时，且可以用when替代before;Wehadhardly/scarcelyreachedtheschoolbefore/whenthebellrang.5)有时before还有“宁愿”的意思；I’dshootmyselfbeforeIapologizedtohim.(2)attempt的用法：attemptvt.企图，试图；努力，尝试；attemptsth.•Ididattemptthelastquestionintheexam.•Hehasattemptedadifficulttask.attempttodosth.•Heattemptedtolie.•Heattemptedtoleavebutwasstopped.attemptdoingsth.(不如todo常见）•Heattemptedswimmingacrosstheriver.attemptedadj.（犯罪）未遂的attemptedmurder/robberyattempt.n.企图；尝试makean/noattempttodo•Hemakenoattempttocarryitout.•Ifailedinmyattempttofinishitintime.attemptatsth.•Hemakeanattemptatwinningthefirstprize.•MyfirstattemptatEnglishcompositionwaspoor.attempton/uponsb’slife企图刺杀HemadeanattemptonthelifeofthePresident.Explanation•OnJuly19th,1909,intheearlymorning,HubertLathamtookofffromtheFrenchcoastinhisplanethe'AntoinetteIV'.(1)atdawn;atdaybreak;atmidnight;atthecrackofdawntakeoff起飞Ladiesandgentlemen,ourplaneistotakeoffsoon.•(2)脱掉•takeyearsoffsb.看上去年轻•Hersl