Grammar-in-use-过去完成时与将来完成时

GrammarinUse过去完成时与将来完成时•Concept•1.表示发生在过去的动作对现在造成的某种影响或结果，用来指定在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的一个事件。•2.句中的动作发生在过去之前（过去的过去），即过去完成时动作发生在过去的过去。•其构成是had+过去分词。•Usage•在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句。•她说她从未去过巴黎。•ShesaidthatshehadneverbeentoParis.•状语从句•在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。•当警察到达时，小偷已经逃跑了。•Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadrunaway.•表示意向的动词，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本……，未能……”。•我们原本以为你回来，但结果你没来。•Wehadhopedthatyouwouldcome,butyoudidn't.•时间状语•Before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas•他说他以前学过一些英语。•HesaidthathehadlearnedsomeEnglishbefore.•爱迪生十二岁时，已经独自谋生了。•Bythetimehewastwelve,Edisonhadbeguntomakealivingbyhimself.•汤姆很失望，在他到达晚会时，大多数宾客已经走了。•Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguestshadleftwhenhearrivedattheparty.•Concept•shall+have+过去分词用于第一人称，will+have+过去分词用于其他人称。•状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时刻为止一直有的状态。•到那时他们将已结婚二十年了。•Theywillhavebeenmarriedfor20yearsbythen.•动作完成：表示将来某一时刻或这另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或者获得的经验。•明天这个时候你将已经到上海了。•YouwillhavereachedShanghaibythistimetomorrow.•英语中的16种时态•一般现在时Heworks.•一般过去时Heworked.•一般将来时Hewillwork(I/weshall).•过去将来时Hewouldwork(I/weshouldwork).•现在完成时Hehasworked.•过去完成时Hehadworked.•现在进行时Heisworking.•过去进行时Hewasworking.•现在完成进行时Hehasbeenworking.•过去完成进行时Hehadbeenworking.•将来完成时Hewillhaveworked.•过去将来完成时Hewouldhaveworked.•将来进行时Hewillbeworking.•过去将来进行时Hewouldbeworking.•将来完成进行时Hewillhavebeenworking.•过去将来完成进行时Hewouldhavebeenworking.•决定时态的方法•看时间状语•他目前已经读完15篇小说了。•Hehasread15novelssofar.•他前几天读过15篇小说。•Heread15novelstheotherday.•一般现在时•Every,sometimes,at,onSunday.•一般过去时•Yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982,justnow•一般将来时•Next,tomorrow,in.•现在完成时•For,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,until,uptonow,inthepastfewyears,always,recently.•过去完成时•Before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas•过去进行时•Thismorning,thewholemorning,allday,yesterday,fromninetoten,lastevening,when,while.•将来进行时•Soon,tomorrow,thisevening,onSunday,bythistime,in2days,tomorrowevening.•从句与主句时态要呼应•在时间状语从句、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。•要是你有空，来看看我一下。•Onconditionthatyouarefree,cometovisitme.•在时间状语从句、条件状语从句中，用现在完成时代替将来时。•公共汽车停下后，你就可以下车了。•Whenthebushasstopped,youwillbeabletogetoffthebus.•在时间状语从句、条件状语从句中，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。•他说明天他有时间，他会来帮助我们的。•Hesaidthatwhenhehadtimetomorrow,hewouldcometohelpus.•当两个动作紧接时，第一个动作可用一般过去时代替过去完成时，但最好用完成时。•他一进来就开始下雨。•Nosoonerhadhecomeinthanitbegantorain.•Nosoonerdidhecomeinthanitbegantorain.•在写作时，上下文要呼应。如要转换时态，最好加时间状语。•我是一名学生。我过着快乐的生活。•Iamastudent.Iamlivingahappylife.•我生于富有家庭，但我现在很穷。•Iwasborninarichfamily,butIamverypoornow.•Idon'treallyworkhere,I_____untilthenewsecretaryarrives.•Justhelpout•Havejusthelpedout•Amjusthelpingout•Willjusthelpout•C•--Don'tforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.•--_____.•Idon't•Iwon't•Ican't•Ihaven't•B•Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection_____.•Hascompleted•Completes•Hasbeencompleted•Iscompleted•D•Sendmyregardstoyourlovelywifewhenyou_____home.•Wrote•Willwrite•Havewritten•Write•D•Whenheturnedprofessionalattheageof11,Mike_____tobecomeaworldchampionbyhiscoachandparents.•Expected•Wasexpecting•Wasexpected•Wouldbeexpected•C•--Yourphonenumberagain?I_____quitecatchit.•--It's9568442•Didn't•Couldn't•Don't•Can't•A•--_____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff.•--Yes,italldependsontheweather.•I'vebeentold•I'vetold•I'mtold•Itold•A•Idon'tthinkJimsawme;he_____intospace.•Juststared•Wasjuststaring•Hasjuststared•Hadjuststared•B•Ifaman_____succeed,hemustworkashardashecan.•Will•Isto•Isgoingto•Should•B•Helen_____herkeyintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband_____home.•Hasleft;comes•Left;hadcome•Hadleft;came•Hadleft;wouldcome•C16种时态总结