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Unit1We'restillinfluencedbyConfucious'sideas.Module7Greatbooks被动语态be+过去分词我们仍然被孔子的思想所影响。我们先看以下的句子：1.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.2.Weusecomputereveryday.3.Webrushourteetheveryday.4.WecelebrateSpringFestivaleveryyear.Ourteetharebrushedbyuseveryday.SpringFestivaliscelebratedbyuseveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.Computerisusedbyuseveryday.GrammarExercise1.Theboywaterstheflowers.2.Wewashourfaceseveryday.3.WeplanttreesonMarch12theveryyear.4.Childrenlovethisbook.Theflowersiswateredbytheboy.Ourfacearewashedbyuseveryday.TreesareplantedbyusonMarch12theveryyear.Thisbookislovedbychildren.1.ThanksgivingiscelebratedonthefourthThursdayinNovember.2.Iwasborninasmallvillagein1990.3.ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedon1stOctober1949.4.TheJinMaoTowerwasbuiltin1999.5.TheGreatWallwasbuiltintheQinDynasty.问题：试问在前面的几个模块我们见过被动语态的句子吗？其实，被动语态的谓语动词也有各种不同时态的变化的。thePassiveVoice英语动词有两种语态：被动语态(thePassiveVoice)主动语态(theActiveVoice)①Japanesemakethiskindofcar.②AuntLioftentakescareofthesebabiesonSundays.①ThiskindofcarismadebyJapanese.②ThesebabiesareoftentakencareofbyAuntLionSundays.A.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。我们种树。Weplanttees.树是由我们种的。Treesareplantedbyus.ActivevoiceandPassivevoiceManypeoplespeakEnglish.Englishisspokenbymanypeople.SVO动作执行者动作动作承受者动作执行者动作动作承受者歌诀是:宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动,be后“过分”来使用。小练习:•将下列句子改为被动语态•1.WespeakChinese.Chinese___________byus.2.TheyreadLaoShe’sworks.LaoShe’sworks___________bythem.3.Weplanttrees.Trees___________byus.4.WegrowteainSoutheastChina.Tea_________inSoutheastChinabyus.5.Jimlooksafterthecat.Thecat______________byJim.isspokenarereadareplantedisgrownislookedafter1.被动语态的构成动作承受者amisare+及物动词的过去分词主语++(by+动作执行者）动作执行者动作Q:什么情况使用被动语态？什么情况使用主动语态？2.被动语态的用法主动语态强调动作的发出者/执行者强调某人做了什么被动语态强调动作的承受者强调某事/某物如何一般现在时的被动语态例句：1.Thissongisstilllovedbymanyyoungpeopletoday.2.ThiscameraisnotmadeinJapan.3.—IsthefilmcalledSnowWhite?—Yes,itis./No,itisn’t.4.—Howmanypeoplearementionedintheconversation?—Two.一般现在时被动语态的各类句式总结如下:肯定句主语+am/is/are+过去分词+(by-)否定句主语+am/is/arenot+过去分词+(by-)一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+(by-)?特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+过去分词+(by-)?肯定句：否定句：一般疑问句：回答：特殊疑问句：Childrenlovethesesongs.Thesesongsarelovedbychildren.Thesesongsarenotlovedbychildren.Arethesesongslovedbychildren?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.Whatarelovedbychildren?特殊疑问词+be+过去分词+(by…)?主语+benot+过去分词+(by…)Be+主语+过去分词+(by…)?主语+be+过去分词+(by…)PraticeopenThedoor___________bysomeone.collectThesebooks___________.WriteMarktwainThisnovel_____________MarkTwain.isopenedarecollectediswrittenbywrite---wrote---writtenclassroom,clean,everydayTheclassroom___________________studentseveryday.iscleanedbycomputers,use,everydayThecomputers________everyday.areusedEveryChineseknowsConfucius.ConfuciusisknownbyeveryChinese.Everyonereadshisbooks.Hisbooksarereadbyeveryone.Ⅰ.单项选择。1.Look,somanypassengers_______withtheirsmartphonesontheunderground.(2013上海卷)A.playedB.willplayC.areplayingD.haveplayed注:word文档点击此处链接2.Itistruethatknowledge_____ratherthanbeingtaught.(2011山东烟台)A.learnsB.learnedC.islearnedD.waslearned3.HongKong____tobeagoodplaceforeatingtoday.(河北省卷)A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown4.Anothertwomonthswillbeneededbeforethenewbridge_____.(江苏省无锡市)A.completesB.iscompletedC.hascompletedD.willbecompleted5.Wewillflyakiteassoonasyourhomework______.(江苏省宿迁市)A.finishesB.willbefinishedC.hasfinishedD.isfinished6.---IwanttoteachinTibetwhenIgraduatefromthecollege.---Metoo.Teachers_____verymuchthere.(福建省晋江市)A.needB.areneedingC.areneeded7.Everyyearlotsoftrees___tomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.(山东省莱芜市)A.isplantedB.wasplantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted8.English______widelyintheworld.A.speaksB.speakingC.isspeakingD.isspokenspeak---spoke---spokendiscussv.讨论---discussionn.thinkern.思想家thinkv.wiseadj.有判断力的，明智的reviewn.评论（文章）influencev.影响，作用于sensen.道理，意义，合理性makesense易理解，合情理，有意义supposev.猜想，推测，相信，认为well-knownadj.众所周知的，著名的adventuren.冒险（经历）getintotrouble遇上麻烦runaway逃走，逃跑评论(文章)n.discuss讨论，谈论v.influence影响，作用于v.thinker思想家n.wise有判断力的;明智的adj.reviewsense道理，意义，合理性n.makesense易理解;合情理;有意义bytheway顺便提一下(用于在交谈中插入新话题，题外话或评论)suppose猜想;推测;相信;认为v.well-known众所周知的；著名的adj.adventuregetintotroublerunaway冒险（经历）遇上麻烦逃走，逃跑Doyoulikereadingbooks?What’syourfavouritebook?Who’syourfavourtiewriter?Let’stalk:Canyounamesomegreatbooksandgreatwriters?thejourneytothewestbyWuCheng’enAdreaminredmassionsbyCaoXueqinthewatermarginbyShiNai’antheromanceofthethreekingdomsbyLuoGuanzhongLet’stalk:Whatdoyouknowabouthim?Confucius孔子/kən'fju:ʃiəs/greatthinkerwisethoughtn.思想influencerespectv.尊敬Confuciuswasagreatthinkerandawiseman.HisthoughtswerewrittendowninLunyuandwearestillinfluencedbyhim.HeisrespectedinChina.Whenthreepeoplearewalkingtogether,Iamsuretofindteachersamongthem.三人行，必有我师焉。--孔子《论语》Let’stalk:Whatdoyouknowabouthim?WilliamShakespearegreatwriterplaypoemHewasagreatEnglishwriter.Hewroteplaysandpoems.AndhewrtoemanyfamousworkslikeHamlet,KingLear,RomeoandJulietandsoon.Let’stalk:Whatdoyouknowabouthim?MarkTwaingreatwriterwisestoryHewasagreatAmericanwriterandHeisoneofthegreatestwritersintheworld.Hewasawisemanandhewrotemanyfunnystories,suchasTheAdventuresofTomSawyer.1.Confuciusiswell-k