暴力电子游戏的短期脱敏效应_两种接触方式比较

2009,Vol141,No13,259-266ActaPsychologicaSinicaDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2009.00259259:2008-05-163,(0601):,E2mail:[e-mail]:31,211(1,,430079)(2,430074),44,,():(1)15,;(2),;;R39513(SGC),(NIMH)10,(Mullin&Daniel,1995),,,,,30,,(VanMierlo&VandenBulck,2004),89%,50%(Dill&Dill,1998),(Anderson&Bushman,2001),,,,(Mullin&Daniel,1995)(desensitization),,,3,,(Carnagey,Anderson,&Bushman,2007)AndersonBushman(2002)(GeneralAggressionModel),(:)(:),,,26041(Anderson,Carnagey,&Eubanks,2003;Gentile&Anderson,2003;Kirsh,2003),(Anderson,2004;Carnagey&Anderson,2005;Gentile&Lynch,2004),,,,,,(Anderson&Griffiths,2004),,(counterconditioning),,,,,,,(Cline&Croft,1973;Thomas&Horton,1977),,(Funk&Baldacci,2004;Funk&Bushman,2003)2000,,,(Bartholow,Bushman,&Sestir,2006),(,,2004;,,1997),(,,2005;,,,2006)(,,,2006),,:,,,,,,(Anderson,Berkowitz,&Donnerstein,2003;Anderson&Bushman,2002;Anderson&Carnagey,2004;Griffths,1999),,,(),:(1)(),();(2),;(3),,(),:H1:15,H2:,,,3::26122.1,,44,1926,212.22.2.1Buss-PerryBuss-Perry(Buss-PerryScale)4:,,(Buss&Perry,1992)(PhysicalAggression)9,7,0.64,2.2.2(VideoGameQuestionnaire),,(Anderson&Dill,2000),2.2.3(VideoGameRatingSheet)(Anderson&Dill,1986)7,0.78,,,;,2.32.3.1:(5,)(),,II(),2.3.2,,(Anderson,Carnagey,&Flanagan,2007;Carnagey,Anderson,&Bushman,2004)2.3.3I10,R,2.42.4.1Thought,ProCompInfiniti2.4.2V3.0.2(CamtasiaStudioV3.0.2),2.522,:(VS)(VS)1126241,,,(CamtasiaStudioV3.0.2),,,(3.1)2.6,:(1):,,(2):5(3):,15(Anderson,Carnagey,&Flanagan,2007),(4):5(5):I10,2.7SPSS11.533.122,,,F(1,40)=21.20,p0.001;,,F(1,40)=28.47,p0.001;,,F(1,40)=13.24,p0.05,,F(1,40)=13.24,p0.05;,,F(1,40)=4.32,p0.05,,F(1,40)=16.45,p0.001;,,F(1,40)=9.23,p0.051MSDMSDMSDMSD5.451.705.271.742.822.272.551.975.451.295.451.702.642.112.551.924.551.643.821.783.821.663.001.483.361.573.361.503.911.762.911.643.451.705.361.362.001.103.451.863.551.642.001.414.851.602.641.431.821.253.641.212.001.002.361.29:11,,,,,,,,,,,3.23.2.1,3::263,22,,,,,,2MSDMSDMSD6.043.535.243.116.933.663.751.694.042.505.422.966.143.554.472.716.872.856.048.827.4912.869.2312.133.2.2,2(:,)2(:,)3(:,,),,,,F(2,40)=4.54,p0.05,,F(2,40)=14.68,p0.001,,:,,(M=6.09,M=4.85,M=6.90);,,(M=4.89,M=5.77,M=7.33)3.2.3,,2(:,)2(:,),,F(1,40)=1.11,p0.05(M=0.81,M=2.43,F(1,40)=4.19,p0.05),,H1,(M=1.28,M=1.97,F(1,40)=0.75,p0.05),,H2,3MSDMSDMSD83.448.8078.868.5577.387.3779.7211.6380.2012.1077.9714.4375.7412.1674.869.0673.097.8479.848.3077.4613.1574.509.183.33.3.133.3.2,2(:,)2(:,)3(:,,),,(M=79.68,M=77.85,M=75.73,F=8.44,p0.05)(Anderson&Bushman,2001;Carnagey,Anderson,&Bushman,2007),2644144.1,,;,,,,;,,,,,,(Carnagey,Anderson,&Bushman,2007),,;,4.2,,,(Bartholow,Bushman,&Sestir,2007;Carnagey,Anderson,&Bushman,2006),4.3:,,,,,,,,,15,,55.1:(1)15,,(2)();,5.2,,,,,Anderson,C.A.,Berkowitz,L.,&Donnerstein,E.(2003).Theinfluenceofmediaviolenceonyouth.PsychologicalScienceinPublicInterest,4,81-106.Anderson,C.A.,&Bushman,B.J.(2001).Effectsofviolentvideogamesonaggressivebehavior,aggressivecognition,aggressiveaffect,physiologicalarousal,andprosocialbehavior:Ameta-analyticreviewofthescientificliterature.PsychologicalScience,12,353-359.Anderson,C.A.,&Bushman,B.J.(2002).MediaviolenceandtheAmericanpublicrevisited.AmericanPsychologist,57,448-450.Anderson,C.A.,&Dill,K.E.(1986).Affectofthegameplayer:Short2termconsequencesofplayingaggressivevideogames.PersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin,12,390-402.Anderson,C.A.,&Dill,K.E.(2000).Videogamesand3::265aggressivethoughts,feelings,andbehaviorinthelaboratoryandinlife.JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,78,772-790.Anderson,C.A.,&Griffiths,M.(2004).Contemporaryissuesinadolescentvideogameplaying:Briefoverviewandintroductiontothespecialissue.JournalofAdolescence,27,1-3.Anderson,C.A.(2004).Anupdateontheeffectsofplayingviolentvideogames.JournalofAdolescence,27,113-122.Anderson,C.A.,Carnagey,N.L.,&Eubanks,J.(2003).Exposuretoviolentmedia:Theeffectsofsongswithviolentlyricsonaggressivethoughtsandfeelings.JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,84,960-971.Anderson,C.A.,Carnagey,N.L.,&Flanagan,M.(2004).Violentvideogames:Specificeffectsofviolentcontentonaggressivethoughtsandbehavior.AdvancesinExperimentalSocialPsychology,36,199-246.Bartholow,B.D.,Bushman,B.J.,&Sestir,M.A.(2006).Chronicviolentvideogameexposureanddesensitizationtoviolence:Behavioralandevent2relatedbrainpotentialdata.JournalofExperimentalSocialPsychology,42,532-539.Bushman,B.J.,&Anderson,C.A.(2002).Violentvideogamesandhostileexpectation:AtestoftheGeneralAggressionModel.PersonalityandSocialPsychology,28,1679-1686.Buss,A.H.,&Perry,M.P.(1992).Theaggressionquestion.JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,63,452-459.Carnagey,N.L.,&Anderson,C.A.(2005).Theeffectsofrewardandpunishmentinviolentvideogamesonaggressiveaffect,cognition,andbehavior.PsychologicalScience,16,882-889.Carnagey,N.L.,Anderson,C.A.,&Bushman,B.J.(2007).Theeffectofvideogameviolenceonphysiologicaldesensitizationtoreal2lifeviolence.JournalofExperimentalSocialPsychology,43,489-496.Chen,M.F.,&Chen,Y.P.(2005).Theeffectofaggressivegamesonindividualimplicitaggressiveness.PsychologicalScience,28,4