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TheCaliforniaGoldRushEffectsDevelopmentForty-ninersHistory01020304ContentsHISTORYbeganonJanuary24,1848foundbyJamesW.Marshallbroughtsome300,000peopletoCaliforniafoundshinymetalinthetailraceofalumbermillMarshallwasbuildingforSutterontheAmericanRiverJamesW.MarshallTheMexican-AmericanWarTheNewYorkHeraldJamesPolkFORTY-NINERSThefirstpeopletorushtothegoldfields,beginninginthespringof1848,weretheresidentsofCaliforniathemselves—primarilyagriculturallyorientedAmericansandEuropeanslivinginNorthernCalifornia,alongwithNativeAmericansandsomeCalifornios(Spanish-speakingCalifornians).TheRouteofForty-NinersTheirdistinctivedressandappearancewashighlyrecognizableinthegoldfields,andcreatedadegreeofanimositytowardstheChinese.TheImmigrantsfromChina