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教学内容知识点一：一般现在时【知识梳理】(1)一般现在时的基本结构和变化1.一般现在时的结构①be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。e.g.Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。②行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。一般现在时主要用动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，则在动词原形后加-s或-ese.g.Hegetsupearlyinthemorning.2.否定句和疑问句的变化①be动词的变化：A.否定句：主语+be+not+其它。Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。B.一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。---Areyouastudent?---Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.C.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。Whereismybike?②行为动词的变化：A.否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。Idon'tlikebread./Hedoesn'tlikebread.B.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。---Doyouoftenplayfootball?---Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.---Doesshegotoworkbybike?---Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.C.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。Howdoesyourfathergotowork?（注意回顾动词第三人称单数形式变化规则）一般情况下在词尾加shelp→helps,clean→cleans,play→plays,wear→wears,give→gives;以s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词在词尾加esdress→dresses,fix→fixes,watch→watches,finish→finishes;以“辅音字母加y”结尾的动词，把y变为i，再study→studies,carry→carries,fly→flies）(2)一般现在时的用法�1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作或行为。常与always,sometimes,often,usually,never等副词连用。e.g.IgotoschooleverydayexceptSaturdaysandSundays.Mymotheroftengetsupat6o’clock.2.表示现在的状态，能力，性格，个性。e.g.Myfatherteachesmaths.LinYandanceswell.3.表示普遍真理或客观事实。e.g.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Thesunrisesintheeast.【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。如：Ourphysicsteachersaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.我们的物理老师说光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快得多，在时间、条件、比较等状语从句中，用现在时表示将来的动作，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时。如：Iwille-mailyouassoonasIgettoBeijing.我一到北京就给你发邮件。Ifyoucomethisafternoon,wewillhaveameeting.如果你今天下午能来，我们就开会。【例题精讲】例1.——Whoisthatlady?——She’sMissGreen.She____usmusic,andsheissogood.A.taughtB.teachesC.willteachD.isteaching例2.——IthinkI’lltakeabustothemeeting.——Thebus?Ifyou____,youwillbelate.A.doB.havedoneC.willdo例3.Unlesstheweather____,wewillhavetocancelthepicnic.A.improveB.improvesC.improvedD.willimprove例4.Wedon’tknowifourfriend____.Ifhe____,we’llletyouknow.A.comes;comesB.comes;willcomeC.willcome;comes例5.Ourgeographyteachertoldusthattheearth____thesun.A.wentaroundB.goesaroundC.isgoingaroundD.wasgoingaround【课堂练习】1.Look!Adog____ablindmanacrosstheroad.A.leadsB.leadC.isleadingD.led2.Theyusually____TVintheevening.A.watchB.willwatchC.arewatchingD.watches3.Hehardly____upearly．A.getsB.getC.doesn’tgetD.don’tget4.John____football.A.likesplayingB.likesplayC.likeplay5.Frankusually____intouchwithhisprimaryschoolteachersbyemail.A.keepB.keepsC.keptD.willkeep知识点二：一般过去时【知识梳理】(1)一般过去时的基本结构和变化1.定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。2.结构：“主语+动词的过去式”3.句型转化：①be动词的过去时的句型如下：A.否定句：主语+be动词的过去式（was,were）+not…B.疑问句：be动词的过去式（was,were）+主语…？a.Hewasbusyyesterday.(肯定句)他昨天很忙。b.Hewasnotbusyyesterday.(否定句)他昨天不忙。c.Washebusyyesterday?(疑问句)他昨天忙吗？d.Thereweren’tanyboysintheroom.房间里没有男孩儿。e.g.Thereweren’tanyboysintheroom.房间里没有男孩儿。Werethereanyboysintheroom?房间里有男孩儿吗？②行为动词的否定式和疑问式：A.否定式：行为动词前加上didnot或缩略式didn’t,并把这个行为动词改为动词原形。a.IcalledLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.→Ididnot/didn’tcallLinTaoyesterdayafternoon.b.IborrowedabookfromSunYanglastSunday.B.一般疑问式：若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式,那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问,然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形,并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did。a.Westayedtherefor10dayslastmonth.→Didyoustaytherefor10dayslastmonth?Yes,wedid./No,wedidn’t.b.Maryhadadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening.→DidMaryhaveadeliciousdinneryesterdayevening?Yes,shedid./No,wedidn’t.�(2)规则动词的变化过去式（规则变化）一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加-ed。watch→watchedplant→planted以不发音字母e结尾的动词在词尾加-d。like→likedmove→moved以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先变y为i，再在词尾加-ed。study→studiedcarry→carried重读闭音节动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写词尾的辅音字母，再在词尾加-ed。stop→stoppedshop→shopped过去式(be动词)（不规则变化）am/is→wasare→weredo→did(3)不规则动词的过去式和过去分词第一组AAA1.cost—cost—cost2.cut—cut—cut3.hit—hit—hit4.let—let—let5.put—put—put6.set—set—set7.read—read—read第二组ABC1.break—broke—broken2.choose—chose—chosen3.speak—spoke—spoken4.steal—stole—stolen5.wake—woke—woken6.forget—forgot—forgotten7.take—took—taken8.give—gave—given9.hide—hid—hidden10.drive—drove—driven11.write—wrote—written12.rise—rose—risen13.ride—rode—ridden14.eat—ate—eaten第三组ABC1.know—knew—known2.grow—grew—grown3.throw—threw—thrown4.fly—flew—flown5.show—showed—shown第四组ABB1.build—built—built2.burn—burnt—burnt3.mean—meant—meant4.lend—lent—lent5.send—sent—sent6.spend—spent—spent第五组ABB1.keep—kept—kept2.sweep—swept—swept3.sleep—slept—slept4.leave—left—left5.feel—felt—felt6.smell—smelt—smelt7.lose—lost—lost8.learn—learnt—learnt(learned—learned)9.get—got—got10.do—did—done11.go—went—gone第六组ABB1.make—made—made2.hear—heard—heard3.have—had—had4.bring—brought—brought5.find—found—found6.buy—bought—bought7.think—thought—thought8.teach—taught—taught第七组ABB1.dig—dug—dug2.lead—led—led3.hold—held—held4.meet—met—met5.say—said—said6.pay—paid—paid7.win—won—won8.sell—sold—sold9.tell—told—told10.stand—stood—stood11.understand—understood—understood12.sit—sat—sat13.wear—wore—worn第八组ABC1.begin—began—begun2.swim—swam—swum3.sing—sang—sung4.ring—rang—rung5.drink—drank—drunk6.come—came—come7.become—became—become8.see—saw—seen9.run—ran—run11.lie—lay—lain—lying（躺）12.lie—lied—lied—lying（说慌）13.lay—laid—laid(放)(4)一般过去时的用法①表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，常与明确的时间状语连用，如：yesterday,lastweek(month,year...),ago,justnow,attheageof…,in1980等连用。如：Attheageoften,shebegantolearntoplaythepiano.十岁的时候，她开始学弹钢琴。②表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如：WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.当我是个孩子的时候，我经常在