The-African-Americans

Unit5TheAfrican-AmericansContent•SectionA:TextI:HowBarackObamaBecametheFirstAfrican-AmericanPresident•SectionB:FastReading•SectionC:TextII:TheFirstWomanReceivingNobelPrizeinLiteratureSectionALead-in•Doyouknowsomefamousblackpeople?Couldyouintroducesomebodyyouknowtoeachother?Howmuchdoyouknowaboutthefollowingpeople?BarackHusseinObamaII,bornAugust4,1961,isanAmericanpoliticianwhoservedasthe44thPresidentoftheUnitedStatesfrom2009to2017.HeisthefirstAfricanAmericantohaveservedaspresident,aswellasthefirstbornoutsidethecontiguousUnitedStates.HepreviouslyservedintheU.S.SenaterepresentingIllinoisfrom2005to2008,andintheIllinoisStateSenatefrom1997to2004.BarackObama(1961-)MichaelJeffreyJordan(1963--)MichaelJeffreyJordan,alsoknownbyhisinitials,MJ,isanAmericanretiredprofessionalbasketballplayer,businessman.Jordanplayed15seasonsintheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)fortheChicagoBullsandWashingtonWizards(华盛顿奇才队).HisbiographyontheNBAwebsitestates:Byacclamation,MichaelJordanisthegreatestbasketballplayerofalltime.JordanwasconsideredinstrumentalinpopularizingtheNBAaroundtheworldinthe1980sand1990s.NelsonMandela（1918-2013）NelsonRolihlahlaMandela(18July1918–5December2013)wasaSouthAfricananti-apartheidrevolutionary,politician,andphilanthropist（慈善家）,whoservedasPresidentofSouthAfricafrom1994to1999.Hewasthecountry'sfirstblackheadofstateandthefirstelectedinafullyrepresentativedemocraticelection.Hisgovernmentfocusedondismantlingthelegacyofapartheidbytacklinginstitutionalisedracismandfosteringracialreconciliation.•ToniMorrison(bornonFebruary18,1931)isanAmericannovelist,editor,andProfessorEmeritusatPrincetonUniversity.Hernovelsareknownfortheirepicthemes,vividdialogue,andrichlydetailedcharacters.AmongherbestknownnovelsareTheBluestEye(1970),Sula(1973),SongofSolomon(1977),andBeloved(1987).托妮·莫里森(1931-)托妮·莫里森，美国黑人女作家，生于俄亥俄州洛雷恩。霍华德大学毕业。20世纪60年代末登上文坛，其作品情感炽热，简短而富有诗意，并以对美国黑人生活的敏锐观察闻名。主要作品有《最蓝的眼睛》（1970）《苏拉》（1974）《所罗门之歌》（1977）和《柏油娃》（1981）等。她所主编的《黑人之书》（TheBlackBook），记叙了美国黑人300年历史，被称为“美国黑人史的百科全书”。1989年起出任普林斯顿大学教授，讲授文学创作。主要成就在于长篇小说方面。1993年获诺贝尔文学奖。MartinLutherKing(1929-1968)Dr.MartinLutherKingJr.wasapreacherandalsoacivilrightsleader.HebecamewellknownforhiseffortsofequaljusticeforblackAmericans.Dr.Kingwantedequaltreatmentforallpeople.Hewasagainstpeoplebeingjudgedbecauseofthecoloroftheirskin.Asaresultofhiscivilrightsefforts,thefollowinglawswerepassed;theCivilRightsActof1964andtheVotingRightsActof1965.In1964,hewasawardedtheNobelPeacePrize.AlthoughDr.Kingwasalwaystryingtohelpothers,therewereplentyofpeoplewhodislikedhimbecauseofthestandhetookforjustice.HewasassassinatedonApril4,1968MartinLutherKing,Jr.DayMartinLutherKingJr.DayisaUnitedStatesholidaymarkingthebirthdateoftheReverendMartinLutherKing,Jr.,observedonthethirdMondayofJanuaryeachyear,aroundthetimeofKing'sbirthday,January15.ItisoneoffourUnitedStatesfederalholidaystocommemorateanindividualperson.WordPretest:1.Thecommittee'ssuggestionswillbeimplementedimmediately.A.putforwardB.carriedoutC.urged•2.TheelectionsmayprovetobepivotalinColombia'spoliticalhistory.A.importantB.unprecedentedC.meaningful•3.Heclaimedtobeavirtualprisonerinhisownhome.A.morallyuprightB.physicallytrueC.almostactual•4.Wemadeplansforavisit,butsubsequentdifficultieswiththecarpreventedit.A.unexpectedB.unsolvedC.followingKEY:BACC•5.Itissimplyunethicaltopromoteandadvertisesuchadangerousproduct.A.improperB.immoralC.risky•6.UnitedindiversityistheofficialmottooftheEuropeanUnion(EU).A.shortsayingthatexpressesabelieforguidingprincipleB.songthatissungbyallC.thoughtthatisputintopractice•7.What'syouranticipationfromworkingonthisjob?A.imaginationB.expectationC.achievement•8.Thecompanyisontheedgeofbankruptcy,andhundredsofjobsareatstake.A.lostB.reducedC.atrisk•KEY:BABCReadingactivities1.Readthetextandfinishthetrueorfalsequestionsonpage73.•key:FTTFT;FTF•2.Skimthetextagainanddeterminethemainidea.•BarackObama'svictoryisachievedthroughanexcellent,tightlyruncampaign.•BarackObama'svictoryisduetoaseriesofhistoricalstrugglesofAmericanssince1830.Structureofthetext•Para.1:BarackObamawonthepresidentialelectionandbecamethefirstAfricanAmericanpresident•Para.2-8:Thehistoricaldevelopmentofblackpeople'sstruggleforsocialjusticepavedwayforObama'svictory.•Para.9:ConclusionGroupwork:Trytoworktogetherandlisttheseriesofhistoricaleventsthatcontributedtobarackobama'svictory.•1830-1870;theAbolitionistMovement;•1863;EmancipationProclamationsigned;•1865;13thAmendmenttotheUSConstitution;•theRconstructionera:1865-1877;•1908,JackJohnson,thefirstworldblackheavyweightchampion;•1954,schooldesegregationacrossthenation;•1963,MartinLutherking's“IhaveaDream”speech;•1965,VotingRightsAct;•contributionmadebytheJohnMcCain's;•CivilRightsMovement;•theWomen'sSuffragetteMovement;•theAmericanCivilWar;•suffragette/ˌsʌfrəˈdʒet/n[C]•awomanwhotriedtogaintherighttovoteforwomenespeciallyasamemberofagroupinBritainortheUSintheearly20thcentury.主张妇女选举权的人WhatisthemainideaofParagraph5?•Keywords:•darkperiods,obstacles,setbacksagainstprogress;•theriseofKluKluxKlans;•assassinationoftheKennedy's,MartinLutherKin