新概念第二册Lesson39课件

Lesson39AmIallright?Vocabularyoperationn.1.手术2.操作,运转,经营3.行动,活动Thedoctoradvisedanimmediateoperation.Theywerealsogiventheopportunitytodosomeoperation.operatevi.(对…)动手术v.运转;操作;经营,successfuladj.成功的Sheisasuccessfulbusinesswoman.successn.成功Confidenceofsuccessisalmostsuccess.succeedv.She'sthetypeofpersonwhosucceedsanywhere.followingadj.下一个第二天thenextday,thefollowingday第二个星期thenextweek,thefollowingweekpatientn患者,病人Thepatientwasamusedatthemusic.adj.有耐心的Enidwasagoodteacher.Shewasverypatientwithherpupils.patientlyadv.aloneadj.独自的alone用作形容词，通常只是表示客观上的一个人，而不表示寂寞或孤独等感情色彩，并且在句中只用作表语。lone用作形容词,表示“孤单的”、“单独的”、“无伴的”等，通常只用作定语:alonehouseinthefieldlonely表示“寂寞的”、“孤寂的”，带有较强感情色彩，相当于sadbecauseonelacksfriendsorcompanions，可用来说明人，也可用来说明life,days,years等;可用作表语或定语。leavemealone我烦着呢,别理我/leavehimalone让他一个人呆会儿exchangen.(电话的)交换局exchangen.交换,调换,兑换,交流,Therehavebeennumerousexchangesofviewsbetweenthetwogovernments.vt.交换,调换Theyexchangedexperienceatthemeeting.inquirev.询问,打听inquiresthofsb从某人那打听inquireaboutsthcertainadj.某个some+可数名词单数时表示某个(某一个)certain后面的东西不能定acertainboy/twocertainboys某一个acertain+n:acertainpatient=somepatient某两个twocertain+n(复数):twocertainpatientforsomereason由于某个理由callern1.打电话的人2.访问者,探望者Theoperatortoldthecallerthatthelineisbusy.Heisoneoftheregularcallershere.relativen.amemberofyourfamilyMyuncleismynearestrelative.Grammar直接引语and间接引语在日常交流中，有时我们需要引述别人的话。直接引用别人的原话（放在引号内）就是直接引语，用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。二、直接引语转换成间接引语时，间接引语多为带宾语从句的主从复合句，转移过程应注意下列变化：1）动词间接引语主句动词主要有say,ask,tell,wonder等。如：Hesaidtomum,“Icandohouseworkforyou.”—Hetoldmumthathecoulddohouseworkforher.Shesaidtome,“Doyoulikemilk?”—SheaskedmeifIlikedmilk.2)句式/连词陈述句：say+that＋从句tell+sb.+that＋从句ShesaidtomeIwillcamebackanhourago.Shetoldme(shesaidtome)thatshehadcomebackanhourbefore.一般疑问句：ask/wonder+whether/if+从句Shesaid,AreyougoinginterestedinEnglish.Heask(me)if/whetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.选择疑问句：ask/wonder+whether…+or…/ornotIaskedhim,“willyoustayathomeorgotoafilmtonight?Iaskhimwhetherhewouldstayathomeorgotoafilmthatnight.反意疑问句：ask/wonder+whether/if+从句You'vealreadygotwell,haven'tyou?sheasked.Sheaskedwhether/ifhe(I)hadalreadygotwell.特殊疑问句：ask+sb.+特殊疑问词+从句Heaskme,“What‘syourname?”（疑问语序）Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.（陈述语序）如果在直接引语的特殊疑问句中，疑问词做主语或主语的修饰语，则语序不需要变化.“Whocananswermyquestion?”theteachersaidtous.Theteacheraskeduswhocouldanswerthequestion.“Whosepictureisthemostbeautifulinyourclass?askedtheboy'sfather.Theboy'sfatheraskedhimwhosepicturewasthemostbeautifulinhisclass.祈使句：ask/tell/advice/+sb.+(not)todosthsuggestthat+从句Hesaidtome“shutthewindow,please”（肯定句）Heaskmetoshutthewindow.Hesaid,“Don‘tmakesomuchnoise”（否定句）Hetoldusnottomakesomuchnoise.“Let‘sgotothecinema.“Tomsaid.（表建议）Tomsuggestedthattheyshouldgotothecinema.感叹句：What或that引导Shesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.Hesaid,“Howinterestingthestoryis!Shesaidhowinterestingthestorywas.Hesaidthatthestorywasinteresting.直接引语转换成间接引语“闯五关”第一关：人称代词与指示代词直接引语变间接引语时，要注意人称代词和指示代词的变化。要根据说话的对象进行人称的变化，并使句子的意思前后一致。如：“Youshouldbecarefulnexttime，”myfathersaidtome.MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbecarefulnexttime.Tomsaidtome,“IcanhelpyouwithyourEnglish.”TomtoldmethathecouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.Hesaid,“Thisbookisn’tmine.”Hesaidthatbookwasn’this.人称人称的变化——“一主、二宾、三不变”。意为在改为间接引语时，直接引语里的第一人称照主句的主语变化。第二人称看主语的宾语而变化，第三人称无需变化。TomsaidtoKate,Areyougoingtherewithme?TomaskKateifshewasgoingwithhim.第一人称me随主语Tom变化为him,，第二人称you随Kate变化为she。KatesaidtoTom,Areyougoingtherewithme?KateaskTomifhewasgoingwithher.第一人称me随主语Kate变化为her,第二人称you随宾语Tom变成he。IsaidtoTom,Areyougoingtherewithme?iaskTomifhewasgoingwithme.第一人称me随主语I变化，第二人称you随Tom变化为he.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动词的变化第二关：引导词1.如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，要用连词that来引导。如：Shesaid,“I’mverygladtohavesuchachance.”Shesaidthatshewasverygladtohavesuchachance.2.如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，要用连词if或whether引导。如：Heaskedme,“Doyoulikethefilm?”Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedthefilm.3.如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，要用相应的疑问词引导。如：Mysisteraskedme,“Whatareyoudoing?”MysisteraskedmewhatIwasdoing.第三关：时间状语和地点状语直接引语变间接引语时，时间状语和地点状语等要做相应的变化。如把now改为then,today改为thatday,yesterday改为thedaybefore,ago改为before,tomorrow改为thenextday,here改为there等。Hesaid,“I’llgotheretoday.”Hesaidthathewouldgotherethatday.注意：如果当地转述，here不必改为there,动词come不用改成go,如果当天转述，yesterday，tomorrow也不用改变。Katesaid,IwillcomeheretomorrowtohelpthesechildrenwiththeirEnglish.KatesaidthatshewouldgotherethenextdaytohelpthosestudentwiththeirEnglish.KatesaidthatshewillcomeheretomorrowtohelpthesechildrenwiththeirEnglish.（在当天当地转述）第四关：时态的变化直接引语变间接引语时，如果主句为现在（或将来）时态，间接引语的时态不变；如果主句为过去时态，间接引语中的谓语动词也要相应地用过去时态。如：Hesays,“IamgoingtoBeijingtomorrow.”HesaysthatheisgoingtoBeijingtomorrow.2.Shesaidtome,“LiPingwillcometomorrow.”ShetoldmethatLiPingwouldcomethenextday.温馨提示：如果转述的内容是客观真理时，自然现象或是谚语、格言时态不变。如：Hesaid,“Waterboilsat100℃.”Hesaidthatwaterboilsat100℃.主句（直接引语）是一般现在时，间接引语时态不变；主句是一般过去时，间接引语时态要改为相应的过去时。第五关：句子结构的变化直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语要用陈述句的语序。引导词要放在间接引语的最前面，接下来按“主谓宾”顺序排列。即：直接引语转换成间接引语时用陈述语序HeaskedMike,“Wheredidyougo?”HeaskedMikewherehehadgone