搜索
ukTuωλπλνλ====2,()])(cos[,0ϕω+=uxtAtxym02yAcos[tx]πωϕλ=−+]cos[0ϕω+−=kxtAy222221tyxy∂∂=∂∂µ2222222221tzyx∂∂=∂∂+∂∂+∂∂ξµξξξ.1.:)(sin222uxtAw−=ωρω2221Awρω=uAI2221ρω=dVuxtAdW⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛−=ωωρ222sin...)2cos(1111λπϕωrtAy−+=)2cos(2222λπϕωrtAy−+=)cos(21ϕω+=+=tAyyy)2cos()2cos()2sin()2sin(tan222111222111λπϕλπϕλπϕλπϕϕrArArArA−+−−+−=ϕ∆++=cos2212221AAAAA)(2)(1212rr−−−=∆λπϕϕϕϕ∆=2012kπk,,,±=L21012(k)πk,,,±+=L12012(k)k,,,λ±+=L=δ012kk,,,λ±=L12rr−=δδλπϕ2=∆(,)coscosxyxt2A2tπωλ=,...2,1,0,2±±==kkxλ210124(),,,,...xkkλ=+=±±L)2cos(),(1λπωxtAtxy−=)2cos(),(2λπωxtAtxy+=(,)coscosxyxt2A2tπωλ=11(,)cos(2)xyxtAtωϕπλ=+−22(,)cos[2]xyxtAtωϕπλ=++(,)cos[]cos()ϕϕϕϕπωλ−+=++2121xyxt2A2t22.λννus==′sVuuuνλνS−=′=′ssVuuνν+='sVsVuVuVoS,νλνSDVuVuum±=′′=′Dν'νDν'ννννuuD±=′uVuuVννλ′+′==′−VDVsusinVα=—u∆tVS∆t******αABsVuuννS−=′SDVsuVuAlbertEinsteinSpecialRelativity1905generalrelativity1915-19166.26.16.36.46.56.1.——.amFrr=,:S′SSxU⇒=iuurrOO′0=′=ttxx,yy,zzrro′S′)(xx′oSyr′ry′urPzz′utPrro′S′)(xx′oSyr′ry′urPzz′utSS′(),,,Pxyzt(),,,Pxyzt′′′′P,,utxx−=′yy=′zz=′tt=′ttyyzzxxut′=′=′=′′=+yyzzxxvvvvvvu′=′=′=−yyzzxxaaaaaa′=′=′=aarr=′utxx−=′yy=′zz=′tt=′0dudt=uamF′′=′rrS:amFrr=,S:FFmm′′==rr,,,()6.219,c:ccu′=±uSScScS“”,19,7120081141088510299810()(.).m/scµεπ−−==××=×c1887Michelson-Morlay1881–1887“”ethercuP1M2M2l1l12OuvSvvvcu−=−=−rrrrr--vvvrrr+=−22vcu=vcu=+vcu=−vcucvu11112221()LLLtcucucuc=+=−+−2222222221LLtccuuc==−−P1M2M2l1l12OuvS21212222211LLtttcucuc∆⎛⎞⎜⎟=−=−⎜⎟−−⎝⎠90L221212222211LLtttcucuc∆⎛⎞′′′⎜⎟=−=−⎜⎟−−⎝⎠902221cucLLtt+≈′∆−∆——“”“”♦♦♦“”1905,26,:1….“”♦2c.xySzOx′y′S′z′O′uP•xutx'PSS′uXOO’t=t’=0S()tzyxP,,,S’()tzyxP′′′′,,,xySzOx′y′S′z′O′uP•xutx'S:x=0O''xut=−St'0xut′′+=)(''utxkx+=OS:tx=ut0'x=S0xut−=)('utxkx−=′kk′=…..…..)(utxkx−=′)(''utxkx+=ctx=''ctx=))(('2'2ucucttkttc−+=k2')(1cuutxx−−=2'')(1cuutxx−+=2)(11cuk−=x22'')(1cucuxtt−+=)(122'cucuxtt−−=x’2')(1cuutxx−−=2'')(1cuutxx−+=211βγ−≡()⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛−=′=′=′−=′xcttzzyyutxxβγγ1≡cuβ()⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛′+′=′=′=′+′=xcttzzyytuxxβγγ()21cuutxx−−=′()212cucuxtt−−=′1uc,3uccO0=′=ttO′rro′S′)(xx′oSyr′ry′uP),,,(),,,(tzyxtzyx′′′′txtzzyytbxaxβα+=′=′=′+=′uabtddxxO=−=→=′→′00dxbOxudtβ′→=→==−′)2(222222222222taxtaxczytbabxtxa++=++++αα22222tczyx=++22222tczyx′=′+′+′xtabactbaczyxca)22()()(22222222222−+−=++−ααtxtzzyytbxaxβα+=′=′=′+=′aubuabtddx−=→=−=aubtdxd=→−==′′ββbccbacca==−=−αα22222222,,1)/1(1)/1(/)/1()/1(1222222222cucucucuubcua−=−−=−−=−=βα2222211cuxcuttzzyycuutxx−−=′=′=′−−=′2222211cuxcuttzzyycutuxx−′+′=′=′=−′+′=6.3“”1234oo’t0=t0’’=0xySzOx′y′S′z′O′SSuccABS′ABttS′BAtt′=′!uccABS′S(,)AAxt′′(,)BBxt′′AAxt(,)BBxt(,)SS′(,)AAxt(,)BBxtBAttt=−=∆?221BAutxctttβ∆∆∆′′+=−=−ABtt0t∆′=0x∆′221AAAutxctβ′′+=−221BBButxctβ′′+=−(,)AAxt′′(,)BBxt′′0BAttt∆′′′=−=0BAxxx∆=−≠.exeuABS′SSuABS′ABuuSS'BA0,/1/222=−×−=′tcucuxtt∆∆∆∆0,/1/222=′−×′+′=tcucuxtt∆∆∆∆00=′→=tx∆∆00=→=′tx∆∆bbss′☺00≠′→≠tx∆∆bbss′s′bbs☺00≠→≠′tx∆∆s′bbs.P1:AP2:BSS:)tx(p)tx(p:S)tx(p)tx(p:S222111222111′′′′′S,At2-t10S’,Axx′11tx22txut2-t10,x1x2,∆t’()0=002121221221()()uttxxctttuc∆−−−′′′=−=−,AB,,x1t1A,x2t2B2121xxxvtt−=−-------212122121()()uttxxctttβ∆−−−′′′=−=−2122121211()xxucttttβ−−−=−−cvx≤,uc,t2t1,.12tt′′22121211xuvctttttβ−′′′=−=−−∆()22'22'1,1ββ−−=−−=cuxttcuxttBBAA2'2'1,1ββ−−=−−=BBAAutxxutxxS’SXABxx′′ABtt′′()211112cucuxtt−−=′()222212cucuxtt−−=′121222xcutxcut−=−t2=t1smcxxttcu/105.12)(812122×−=−=−−=()21cutuxx−′+′=()21111cutuxx−′−′=mcuxxxx4212'1'2102.5)(1)(×=−−=−()22221cutuxx−′−′=urxd“”′Scdt2=′∆S22)2(22tudcclt∆+==∆S’“”,ss′urldtu∆c′2c1ct∆xt′∆urs′tC1C2221∆ttuc′∆=−221cutt−=′∆∆′Scdt2=′∆S22)2(22tudcclt∆+==∆tt∆∆′uc1-10B.exe,,1,0.90.91,……,221cutt−=′∆∆1-11.exe2'1β−∆=∆tt21β∆∆−=′tt()(32400km/h513ms109−×=us5=′∆tscutt000000002.510310915128322=⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛××−=−′=∆∆=?KK‘21β∆∆−=′tt710ucβ−==))(105.01(1014s−×+×=710ucβ−==2'1β−∆=∆tt))(105.01(1014s−×+×=cu9998.0=s500=′t∆s10=t∆t=10s2.10'ts∆=