各类从句

英语中三大类从句[e-mail]复合句＝主句＋从句状语从句主语从句从句定语从句宾语从句名词性从句表语从句同位语从句根据从句类型即可判断它在句子中所充当的成分．A.状语从句：1.时间状语从句：Itisalwaysgoodwhenamanhastwoironsinthefire.做两手准备总是有益的．As/whileweweretalking,therainbegan.Asyougetolder,yougetmoreoptimistic.Wheneveryoufindyourselfonthesideofthemajority,itistimetopauseandreflect.每当你发现自己站在多数的一边时，你就该停下来进行反思．Don’tcountchickensbeforetheyarehatched.I’llphoneyouafteryouhavecomebackfromyourholiday.Youmaystayhereuntil/tillhecomesback.Ihopeyouwon’tdoanythinguntilwe’vethoughtitover.NotuntilhecamebackdidIknowit.Oncehehassethismindonacourseofaction,heisnottobetalkedoutofit.GreatchangeshavetakenplacesincehelivedinShanghai.Hestartedassoonashereceivedthenews.Theminutetheybegintotalknow,theygetonmynerves.Eachtimehefailed,hemadeuphismindtotryharderagain.Wehadhardlyarrivedbeforewehadtogoback.Shehadnosoonersaiditthansheregrettedit.Nosoonerhadshesaiditthansheregrettedit.时间状语从句中的连词：when,while,as,whenever,after,before,till,until,once,since,assoonas,directly,immediately,themoment,theinstant,theminute,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,lasttime,hardly/scarcely/barely…when…nosooner…than…2.地点状语从句：I’mgoingtodowhatIlikeandgowhereIlike.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.I’mwelcomewhereverIgo.Anywhereyougo,it’salwaysthesame.Heisallsmileseverywhereyoumeethim.地点状语从句中的连词：where,wherever,everywhere,anywhere3.原因状语从句：Ineverresisttemptation,becauseIhavefoundthatthingsthatarebadformedonottemptme.Asyouareevidentlyverybusy,Iwillnotwasteyourtime.Sinceyouhaveconsideredit,itmustbelefttoyoutodecide.Thedaybreaksforthebirdsaresinging.Nowthatyouhavecome,youmayaswellstay.Mendifferfrombrutesinthattheycanthinkandspeak.Shewasexcusedforthereasonthatshewasignorant.原因状语从句的连词：as,because,since,for,inthat,forthereasonthat,ontheground(s)that4.结果状语从句：Heworriedabouthisfinancialconditionsallday,sothathecouldn’tsleepatnight.IwassotensethenightbeforetheexaminationthatIcouldn’tunderstandwhatIwasreading.Itwassuchabadstormthatwehadtoseekshelter.Hisangerwassuchthathelostcontrolofhimself.结果状语从句常用连词：so,sothat,so…that,suchthat,such…that5.目的状语从句：Mandoesnotlivethathemayeat,buteatsthathemaylive.Hechangedhisnameandaddresssothathisnewneighborshouldnotknowthathehadoncebeenaccusedofmurder.Wehavetwoearsandonlyonetongueinorderthatwecanhearmoreandspeakless.Hedarenotleavethehouseincaseheshouldberecognized.Theycouldn’tsleepatnightforfearthattheyshouldbeattacked.目的状语从句中的连词：that,sothat,inorderthat,lest,forfearthat,incase注意：that,sothat,inorderthat引导的从句中谓语多含有情态动词may,might,can,could,should,would等．6.条件状语从句：IfAequalssuccess,thentheformulaisAequalsXplusYplusZ,withXbeingwork,YplayandZkeepingyourmouthshut.(AlbertEinstein)Unlessyoudecidetomendyourways,youwillfinishupingaol.IfonlyIhadknownthewholetruth,Iwouldn’thavedonethat.I’llletyouusethebicycleifonlyyoukeepitingoodcondition.IfonlyIknewwhatyouwanted!Youmaytakeithomeaslongasyoupayforit.Incasethehouseburnsdown,you’llgettheinsurancemoney.Georgeagreedtoreceivehisbrotherandsisteronconditionthattheyshouldgetsomethingtodo.Supposinghecan’tcomewhowilldothework?Supposeyouhadonemillionpounds—howwouldyouspendit?We’llvisitEuropenextyear,providedwehavemoney.Whatwillyoudointheeventthatyoufailagain?条件状语从句中的连词：if,unless,ifonly,aslongas/onconditionthat/provided/providing(只要),suppose/supposing(如果，假如),intheeventthat(如果)7.方式状语从句：YoumustdoitasIdo(it).Dountoothersasyouwouldhavethemdountoyou.你想别人怎样对待你，你就要怎样对待别人．己所不欲，勿施于人．Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.Shebehavesasthoughshewerestillachild.Marydoesnotbotherabouttriflesthewayhersisterdoes.Doyoumakebreadlikeyoumakecakes?注意：有时as引导的方式状语从句用作比喻，尤其多用于“as…so”结构中．例如：Asyoutreatme,soIshalltreatyou.你怎样对待我，我将怎样对待你．Asyoumakeyourbed,soyoumustlieonit.自作自受．Asamanlives,sohedies.人有生必有死．8.让步状语从句:Although/ThoughIagreewithyouuptoapoint,Ican’tagreetoyourplanasawhole.AlthoughthemurderoftheArchdukewastheimmediatecauseofthefirstWorldWar,therealreasonsfortheconflictwereverymuchmorecomplicated.Everygift,thoughitmaybesmall,isinrealitygreatifgivenwithaffection.Bravelyastheyfought,theyhadnochanceofwinning.Hewouldn’tgivemethemoneyeventhough/ifIbeggedforit.Grantedthatyouareveryclever,youcan’tsucceedwithoutperseverance.Grantedthatheisnotbrilliant,heisatleastcompetentandworkshard.Foolasheis,healwaysseemstomakethewisestproposals.Richasheis,henevergivesanybodyanything.MuchasIadmirehimasawriter,Idonotlikehimasaman.Therewasnotasoultobefoundinthehouse,searchastheywould.Whateveryousay,Iwon’tbelieveyou.Howevermuchyoumayregretdoingthat,thereisnothingyoucandoaboutitnow.让步状语从句中的连词：though,although,evenif/eventhough,granted/granting(that),asthat/though,while,nomatter+wh-,despitethefactthat,inspiteofthefactthat,forall(that)9.比较状语从句：Sheisasgood-temperedashermother.Weranasfastasourlegscouldcarryus.Oneisneverasunhappyasonethinks,norashappyasonehopes.Theballotisstrongerthanthebullet.Wisemenlearnmorefromfoolsthanfoolsfromwisemen.Themorewedo,themorewecando;themorebusyweare,themoreleisurewehave.Themoreyouspeakofyourself,themoreyouarelikelytolie.Thelessamanthinks,themorehetalks.Thegreaterthepower,themoredangeroustheabuse.Thesooner,thebetter.Thenearerthed