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人教新课标必修三Unit4Discoveringusefulstructures贵州省思南中学许义怀编辑清明节短信祈福1、工作节奏太快，生活实在太累，转眼春季到来，外面阳光明媚，约上好友相约郊外，踏踏青挖挖野菜，马上出发，别再等待，祝你清明小长假过得愉快！2、怀念你的好，怀念你的笑，怀念你的拥抱和那身上淡淡的味道。朋友，清明节来到，愿我们诚信缅怀逝去的先人，继续更加勇敢地生活！3、清明至，祭先祖。携家人，去扫墓。缅怀意，深情诉。人生路，莫停步。勤梳理，多回顾。平常心，把握住。柳色新，春莫负。多保重，情如故。4、我的短信跨过千山万山，度过严冬与酷暑，经历过冰火考验，终于在千万人之中发现了你，来到你的身边。只想轻轻的告诉你：清明到了，注意保重身体！5、我的短信跨过千山万山，度过严冬与酷暑，经历过冰火考验，终于在千万人之中发现了你，来到你的身边。只想轻轻的告诉你：清明到了，注意保重身体！6、清明节气生活小贴士：1、饮食以辛润食物为宜，滋润食物为辅，补气通气，如芹菜、葱、银耳、蜂蜜等;2、饮食忌食早产蔬菜，多食寒凉，对阳气少的脾胃有害无益;3、起居以早起为宜，多按摩敲打舒散筋骨;4、心情以开怀舒畅为宜，避免烦躁;5、运动以轻慢为宜，勿大汗淋漓。祝你健康！7、清风SubjectClauses主语从句1．引导主语从句的连接词有三类：(1)连词that、whether:(从属连词）在从句中不作任何成分Whetherwegobytrainorbyboatmakesnodifference.Whetherhe’llcomehereisn’tclear.Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语.•Whetherwecangotopicnictomorrowisstillaquestion.•Thatthewoundedsoldierisstillaliveisawonder.•ThatMr.Zhouwillcomeiscertain.•Whethertheworkcanbecompletedontimeisdoubtful.____________________________________Whatshedidisnotyetknown.Whowillwritethepoemhasnotbeendecidedyet.Whateverhedidisright.Whoeverbreakstheruleshouldbepunished.Whowillgomakesnodifference.Whomshelovesisclearenough.她爱的是谁已经够清楚了。Whosewalletwasstolenmustbemadeclear.谁的钱包被偷了必须被搞清楚。(2)连接代词what,who,whom,whose,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等.连接代词在从句中充当主语，宾语,表语或定语，不能省略。3)连接副词when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等。它们在句中充当状语，不能省略。此类主语从句也可以用带有形式主语it的句子转换。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.Howthepyramidswerebuiltisstillamystery.主语从句后置!为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.例:Thatweshallbelateiscertain.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.--2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.--Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.It’sknowntoallthattheearthisround.A.It+系动词+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,unlikely,certain,probable,necessary,right,wrong,important,certain,clear,strange，etc.)+that从句。如：Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.B.It+系动词+名词词组+that从句(nowonder,nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,ashame,goodnews,afact,etc.)+that从句。如：It’snowonderthatyouhaveachievedsomuchsuccess.真可惜你没出席昨天的讲座。It’sapitythatyoudidn’tattendthelectureyesterday2.用it作形式主语的结构_________C.It+be+过去分词(said,told,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,heard,suggested，etc.)+that从句。翻译成：据…(说/报道/认为/预测/决定/通知/安排/听说/建议）如：ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.It+特殊不及物动词+that从句It+（seems/-ed,appears/-ed,happens/-ed,）+thatItseemsthatyouareagainst(反对)theplan.你似乎反对这个计划。IthappenedtomethatIhadbeenawaywhenyoucalled._________E.It+doesn’tmatter(makesnodifference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.注：在主语从句中用来表示“惊奇，不相信，惋惜，理应如此，要求，建议”等语气时，谓语动词用“should+do”it’snecessary/important/strange/natural/+thatsb.shoulddosthItisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that。。。Itissuggested(requested,proposed提议，desired请求)thatsb.shoulddosth.学生上课认真听讲是很重要的。Itisimportantthatthestudentsshouldlistencarefullyinclass.____主语从句是英语写作中经常使用的句型，它常常借助于形式主语it，请用it改写以下句子：1.Thattheearthgoesaroundthesunisknowntousall.Itisknowntousallthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.2.Thatheknowsnothingaboutitisstrange.Itisstrangethatheknowsnothingaboutit.3.Whenfloodstuckthewesternareaswasn’treported.Itwasn’treportedwhenfloodstuckthewesternareas.4.Whetherhecancomeornotdependsonhisparents.Itdependsonhisparentswhetherhecancomeornot.5.Thathedidn’tattendthemeetingsurprisedus.Itsurprisedusthatthehedidn’tattendthemeeting.6.WhetherClassfivecandefeat(战胜)ClassFourisn’tknownyet.Itisn’tknownyetwhetherClassfivecandefeat(战胜)ClassFour.注意：1.Whatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks.2.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.3.Whetherhe’llcomehereisnotclear.1.“if”不能引导主语从句，应有“whether”引导。3.主语从句的“that”一般不能省。4.“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：1）常与其后的名词作表语一致2）根据句子的语境而定。4.主语从句需注意的问题2.主语从句中用陈述语序___-if/whether引导的主语从句表示“是否”意义时whether引导的主语从句可以放于句首、句末，if引导的主语从句不能位于句首；但如果有形式主语it引导时，两者都可用。Whethertheworkcanbecompletedontimeisdoubtful.It’sdoubtfulwhether/iftheworkcanbecompletedontime.______________Wh–类连接副词或连接代词引导的主•语从句可放于句首，也可放句尾。Whenthenewroadisopentotraffichasnotbeenmadeclear.Ithasnotbeenmadeclearwhenthenewroadisopentotraffic.wh-ever引导的让步状语从句及名词性从句比较下列句子：Hebelieveswhateverhiswifesays.(whatever=anythingthat名词性从句)Hebelieveshiswifewhatevershesays.(whatever=nomatterwhat让步状语从句)Whoeverbreakstheschoolrulesshouldbepunished.(whoever=anyonewho名词性从句)Whoeverbreakstheschoolrules，hewillbepunished.(whoever=nomatterwho让步状从)1.Whereshallwespendtheholidayisn’tdecided.2.Youhavemadeamistakeisafact.3.Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.4.Nomatterwholeavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.5.Ifthepolicemenwillcomeisnotcertain.weshallThatyouhaveItisWhoeverWhether改错练习1.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_______itwas?（01北京春季)A．whereB．whatC．howD．which2.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_______ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.（04上海）A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how3.Fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.(00上海）A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which（D）(B)(B）4.___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How5.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWh