ACCA-F1-知识点总结

ACCAF1JuliaYu1.Organization:SocialArrangement,CollectiveGoals,Control,Performance,Boundary2.Synergy:3.Profit–Non-profitPrivate–Public4.LimitedCompany:Separatelegalpersonalityfromitsowners/shareholders;Ownershipandcontrolarelegallyseparate;Types:privatelimitedcompanies—publiclimitedcompanies5.NGOCo-operatives–Associations6.Stakeholder:individuals/groups,InterestInternal:Managers&EmployeesPrimaryConnected:Shareholders,Bankers,Suppliers,CustomersSecondaryExternal:Government,Interest/PressureGroups,Professionalbodies7.MendelowMatrixAnalysis8.Macro-EnvironmentPEST:Political-legal,Economic,Social-cultural,Technological9.SWOTInternalappraisal:Strengths&WeaknessExternalappraisal:Opportunities&Threats10.ValueChain(Porter)ValueactivitiesPrimaryactivities:Inboundlogistics;Operations;Outboundlogistics,Marketing&Sales;ServiceSupportactivities:Firminfrastructure;HR;Procurement;TechnologyDevelopmentLinkage11.Competitiveadvantage-Porter’sfiveforcesmodelThethreatofnewentrants(&barrierstoentrytokeepthemout)ThethreatfromsubstituteproductsThebargainingpowerofcustomersThebargainingpowerofsuppliersTherivalryamongstcurrentcompetitorsintheindustry12.BusinessCycle:RecessionDepressionRecoveryBoom13.CauseofUnemploymentRealwageunemployment:tradeunion,minimumwagerateFrictional:difficultyinmatchingquickly;temporarySeasonal:certainindustries,e.g.:building,tourismandfarmingStructural:long-term,anindustryLowInterestHighInterestLowPowerMinimalEffortKeepInformedCommunityrepresentativesCharitiesHighPowerKeepSatisfiedLargeInstitutionalShareholdersKeyplayersMajorCustomerACCAF1JuliaYuTechnological:aformofstructuralone;newtech,automationCyclicalordemand-deficient:14.Macroeconomicpolicyobjectives:AchieveeconomicgrowthControlpriceinflationAchievefullemploymentAchieveabalancebetweenexportsandimports15.FiscalPolicyTaxationPublicborrowingPublicspending16.5Ms:inputsfororg.’smicro-environmentMaterialsMoneyMenMachinesManagement17.Substitutes&Complements18.PED:Priceelasticityofdemand%changeinquantitydemanded=%changeinpriceChangeinquantitydemandedAveragequantityArcpriceelasticityofdemand=ChangeinpriceAveragepriceChangeinquantitydemandedOriginalquantityPointpriceelasticityofdemand=ChangeinpriceOriginalprice19.Incomeelasticityofdemand%changeinquantitydemanded=%changeinincomeElasticityValueTypeofgoodExampleNegative负数InferiorInter-citybustravelInelastic0-1NecessityBasicfoodstuffElastic大于1LuxuryYachts20.Crosselasticityofdemand%changeinquantitydemandedofgoodA=%changeinthepriceofgoodBSubstitutes:Positive–fallinpriceofA,reducedemandofBComplements:Negative–fallinpriceofA,raisedemandofBACCAF1JuliaYuCross-elasticityValueExamplePerfectcomplements-1Complements-veBreadandbutterUnrelatedproducts0BreadandcarsSubstitutes+veWhitebreadandbrownbreadPerfectsubstitutes+121.Normalgoods–Inferiorgoods22.Shiftofthedemandcurve1)ShifttotherightRiseinhouseholdincomeSubstitutepriceriseComplementpricefallChangeintastestowardsthisproductExpectedpricerisePopulationincrease2)MovementalongademandcurveContractionExpansion23.Shortrunsupplycurve–Longrunsupplycurve****24.FactorsinfluencingthesupplyquantityCostofmakingthegoodPricesofothergoodsExpectationsofpricechangesChangesintechnology25.MarginalUtility,ConsumerSurplus,ProducerSurplus26.Maximumprices,Minimumprices,Minimumwages27.InformalOrganization28.Mintzberg:fivecomponentsofallorganizationStrategicApex,MiddleLine,OperatingCore,SupportStaff,Technostructure29.FunctionaldepartmentationGeographicdepartmentationProduct/BranddepartmentationCustomerdepartmentationDivisionlisationHybridstructuresSimplestructure/entrepreneurialstructureMatrixandprojectorganizationACCAF1JuliaYuTheneworganization29.TheShamrockOrganizationSelfemployedContingentProfessionalConsumers30.SpanofControlScalarChainTallorganizationFlatorganizationDelayering:managementlevels31.LevelsofstrategyCorporateBusinessOperational/functional32.TheAnthonyhierarchyStrategicmanagementTacticalmanagementOperationalmanagement33.Centralisation&Decentralisation34.R&DPureresearch;Appliedresearch;developmentTwocategories:productresearch—newproductProcessresearch—process,productivity,planning,qualityShouldbecloselyco-oridnatedwithmarkting35.PurchasingMixQualityQuantityPriceDelivery36.MarketingMix:4PsProductPricePlacePromotionServicemarketing:4Ps+people,process,physicalevidence37.HRMobjectivesEffectivehumancomponentsDevelopandmotivateCo-operativeclimateACCAF1JuliaYuSocialandlegalresponsiblities38.Elementsofculture1)Observablebehavior:behavior,artefacts,attitudes2)Underlyingvaluesandbeliefs3)Hiddenassumptions39.Harrison’sfourtypesofculture(HandygavenamesofGreekdeities)PowerCulture—ZeusRoleCulture—Apollo(formalstructure,bureaucracy)TaskCulture—Athena(project)Existential/Personculture—Dionysus40.NationalCulture—TheHofstedeModelPowerdistance:HighPD;LowPDUncertaintyAvoidance:HighUA,LowUAIndividualism:High,LowMasculinity:High,Low41.CorporateGovernanceDefinition:Systembywhichorg.isdirectedandcontrolledbyseniorofficersPrinciples:I