英文写作-Lecture-14-Cause-and-Effect

DevelopmentbyCauseand/orEffectLecture14Thischapterwillexplainandillustratehowto：Developanessaywithemphasisoncauseand/oreffectWriteanessaywithemphasisoncauseand/oreffectTeachingObjectivesAcauseiswhysomethinghappens;aneffectiswhathappensasaresultofacause.CauseandEffectByexaminingthecausesoreffectsofsomething,weseektoexplainthingsthathappeninourlives.CauseandEffectTherearenearlyalwaysmultiplecausesandeffectsassociatedwithanyphenomenon(action,event,idea,etc.).CauseandEffectEmphasizingoneoranothercauseand/oreffectisthepointofwritingacause-and-effectessay.CauseandEffectBeaware,however,thatindoingso,youaremakinganargument.Besuretoadequatelysupportyourpoint!CauseandEffectStep1:Developyourthesisstatement.Theintroductiongenerallypresentsthesubject(s)andstatesthepurposeoftheanalysis-whetheryouarediscussingcauses,effects,orboth-inaclearthesis.StepsforWritingCauseandEffectEssayStep2:Thebodyoftheessayshouldexploreallrelevantcausesand/oreffects,organizingthedetailsinacertainorder:Chronological(thetimesequenceoftheevents),categorical(dividingthetopicintopartsorcategories),oremphatic(fromleasttomostimportantorviceversa)Step2Step3:Finally,theconcludingsectionsummarizesthevariouscauseand/oreffectrelationshipsestablishedinthebodyofthepaperandclearlystatestheconclusionthatcanbedrawnfromthoserelationships.Step3Oneistoascertaincauses;Theotheristoconsidereffects;Stillothersdiscussbothcausesandeffects.ThreeDesignsofCause-effectEssayIntroductionofProblemorPhenomenonThesisStatementBodyCause1Cause2Cause3…ConclusionAscertainingCausesPhenomenon:Somebigchangesinpeople’sdiethavetakenplaceinthelastthirtyyears.Cause1:Peoplenowenjoyahigherstandardliving.Cause2:Therearearichvarietyoffoodsavailableeverywhere.Cause3:Peoplecometobelievethatabalanceddietisimportant.Conclusion:Changesinpeople’sdietwillbegreaterinthefuture.ExampleIntroductionofProblemorPhenomenonThesisStatementBodyEffect1Effect2Effect3Conclusion（SolutionorSuggestion)AnalyzingEffectsPhenomenon:Themainadverseeffectsofdeforestationarearidityanddamagetoanimalhabitat,aswellasclimatechangeanderosionchange.Effect1:Removingtreesforcommercialagricultureandsubsistencefarmingcancauseheavyerosionandflooding.Effect2:DeforestationintheAmazonBasinwillcausemoreemissionofcarbondioxide,makingtherainforestcontributetoglobalwarming.Effect3:Forestdestructionisalsohavinganeffectonbiodiversity.Conclusion:Governmentshouldacttoprotectforestsfromillegalloggingandplantingmoretreestoabsorbcarbondioxide.ExampleIntroductionofProblemorPhenomenonThesisStatementBodyCause1Cause2Cause3…EffectConclusion(SolutionorSuggestion)CauseandEffectIntroductionParagraphs1-5Thesis:Ourout-of-controlangerhasunderstandablecauses,butcommonsenseandpatiencearemoresatisfyingthanoutburstsofrage.SupportingPoint1(Cause1)Paragraphs6-9Tobeginwith,Americanworklongerhoursandarerewardedwithlessvacationtime.SupportingPoint2(Cause2)Paragraphs10-12Technologyisalsotoblameforthebadbehaviorsowidespreadinculture.SupportingPoint3(Cause3)Paragraphs13Tensionisthethirdculpritbehindourepidemicofanger.SupportingPoint4EffectParagraphs14-15Thelackoftime,thetechnologyandtensionhaveleadtoanepidemicofanger.SupportingPoint5Paragraphs16-20ThekeytodealwithangeriscommonsenseandpatienceConclusionParagraphs21Laurahasdiscoveredthesatisfactionofhavingasenseofcontrolherbehavior.TamingtheAngerMonsterHowdoyouorganizethreedifferenttypesofcauseand/oreffectessay?ReflectionTimeInwinter,weoftensufferhazeandfoggyweatherinnorthernChina.Outlinethecausesofhazeandfoggyweatherinourcity.Whateffectswillthesehaveonthepeople’sordinarylife?WritingTask