Unit-9-AEMP-Medical-Education

Unit9MedicalEducationPage211-235IssuestobecoveredThepersonalattributesnecessaryforamedicalprofessionalThewaymedicalschoolsarerankedThetermsreferringtoamedicalprofessionalinhisvariousstagesoftrainingandmedicalpracticeThenecessarystepstobecomeamedicalprofessionalinUSAPage211-235Whatmakesagooddoctor?knowledgeexpertisecompassiondevotionpatienceperseverancecaringaltruismsacrificelovehumanismmoralityPage212Watchthevideoandcheckagainstthelist!Whatmakesagooddoctor–streetinterviewTextAWhatDoesitMeantobeaPhysician?MichaelE.WhitcombPage212Giveexamplestoillustratechangesthathaveoccurredinmedicalschoolcurriculum?(Pre.1)Theadditionofprogramstocurrentcurriculum“MedicalHumanities”“Physician-PatientCommunicationSocialandCulturalIssuesinHealthCarePage212,P1Whatliesbehindsuchchanges?Areflectionofacommitmentbymedicalschooldeansandfacultiestobetterpreparetheirstudentsforthechallengestheywillfacethroughouttheirprofessionalcareers.Page212,P1Whatistheprimarypurposeofmedicaleducation?(Pre.2)ForstudentsUpongraduation,haveanunderstandingofwhatitmeanstobeaphysicianwhentheyreceivethetitlehavethepersonalqualitiesforaphysiciantobecapableofmeetingthepublic’sexpectationsofadoctorPage122,P2Whyisitwrongtoequatebecomingaphysicianwithpossessingabodyofknowledgeandasetofskills?(Pre.3)Abodyofknowledgeandasetofskills一身知识，一套技能？？？？渊博的知识，出众的技艺Page122,P3Whyisitwrongtoequatebecomingaphysicianwithpossessingabodyofknowledgeandasetofskills?(Pre.3)VariedrequirementsdependingupontheparticularcareerMuchmorethanabodyofknowledgeandasetofskillspersonalattributestomeetthepublic’sexpectationsPage122,P3WhatdidPeabodymeanbysaying“Thesecretofthecareofthepatientisincaringforthepatient”?(Pre.4)thevaluethatpatientsplaceonbeingtrulycaredforbyaphysicianignoranceoftheimportanceofacaringmannertoooftenequatedcaringwithtreatmentlimitedtheirroletoprovidingtreatmentleadingtoacurebelievednothingtododoneinincurablecasesPage213,P4Dr.FrancisPeabodythey(themedicalstudents)aretooscientificanddonotknowhowtotakecareofpatients.Page213,P4TheGoalsofMedicine:HastingsCenter’sproject(1)thepreventionofdiseaseandinjuryandthepromotionandmaintenanceofhealth;(2)thereliefofpainandsufferingcausedbymaladies;(3)thecareandcureofthosewithamaladyandthecareofthosewhocannotbecured;(4)theavoidanceofprematuredeathandthepursuitofapeacefuldeathPage215,P5….andthecareofthosewhocannotbecuredaresponsibilitytocontinuetocarefortheirpatientswhentheycannolongerprescribeaparticularformoftreatmentorofferthelikelihoodofacurePage215,P5Whymustaphysicianbeinquisitive?(Pre.5)alongtraditionofcelebratingknowledge,butagreatdealaboutmedicinethatisnotknownagreatdealthatindividualphysiciansdonotknowaboutwhatisknown.Page214,P6Thelongtraditionofcelebratingknowledge(Pre.5)AllthatthemembersoftheprofessionknowaboutmechanismsofdiseaseandthediagnosisandmanagementofvariousclinicalmaladiesPage214,P6thevalueofphysicians’beinginquisitiveGreatcontributiontothequalityofcareInsuranceofcontinuousacquisitionoftheknowledgeandskillstheywillneedtomeettheirprofessionalresponsibilitiesasthenatureofmedicinechangesduringtheircareersPage214,P7JeromeGroopman’sbook:HowDoctorsThinkMostofthediagnosticerrorsmadebyphysiciansresultfromcognitivemistakes.Page214,P8Becauseoftheuncertaintyinherentinthepracticeofmedicine,thereisatendencyforphysicianswhenencounteringapatienttolockintoosoononaparticulardiagnosisoraparticularapproachtotreatment.由于医学内在的不确定性，医生在面对患者时往往过快锁定特定诊断或特定疗法。Page214,P8JeromeGroopman’sbook:HowDoctorsThinkSowhat?TruephysicianalwayspausesbeforemakingadiagnosisandembarkingonacourseoftherapyWhatIdon’tunderstand?Or,importantly,WhatIshouldknowbeforeproceeding?Page214,P8Whatisthecivicresponsibilityofaphysician?(Pre.6)Morepersonalinvolvementinmeetingmedicine’sresponsibilitytosocietyEnsuringthattheirprofessionalorganizationsarefocusedonservingtheinterestsofthepublicConsciouscontributioninavarietyofwaystothebettermentofthecommunitiestheyliveinbyparticipatingincommunityorganizationsbybringingtheirspecialtalentstobearinvolunteereffortsspecificallyaimedatimprovingthehealthofthepublic.Page214-5,P9Overtheyears,thisresponsibilityhascometobeviewedasanelementofprofessionalismthatissomehowembedded,atleastimplicitly,withinthecontextofthesocialcontractthatdefinesthemedicalprofession’sresponsibilitytothesocietyasawhole—aresponsibilitymanifestedlargelybyhowprofessionalorganizationsrelatetothepublic.随着时间推移，这种责任被视为专业精神的一部分，蕴含于社会契约（至少是隐含其中）。这从整体上定义了医学的责任——在很大程度上体现为专业机构和公众的关系。Page215,P9ToSumUpaphysiciannotcaring,inquisitive,andcivicmindedmaybeahighlyskilledtechnicianinvolvedinthepracticeofmedicine,suchanindividualwillnottrulyreflecttheessenceofwhatitmeanstobeaphysicianmedicalschoolscontinuetomodifytheireducationalprogramstoreflectacommitmenttoensuringthattheirgraduatesbecaring,inquisitive,andcivic-mindedphysiciansPage215,P10Task1OverviewI.BackgroundforthefundamentalquestionImpressivechanges:thedesignandconductofthemedicalschoolcurriculuminthepastfewdecades.Remainingmisconceptions:Thepurposeofmedicaleducation