倒装句倒装语法

倒装句倒装语法倒装（Inversion）由于语法，修辞等的需要，将谓语全部或者部分提到主语的前面，这种语序叫倒装。倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装。1倒装句之全部倒装全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1)here,there,up,down,now,then,thus,out,away等表示地点、方向和时间的副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run。Theregoesthebell.Thencamethechairman.Hereisyourletter.Herecomesthebus.Onthewallhangsapicture.Outrushedthepuppy.Awaywentthegirl.['pʌpi]n.小狗,幼犬;自负的傻小子注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。Herecomeshe.×Herehecomes.Awaywentthey.×Awaytheywent.2)当表示地点的介词词组位于句首，并且主语为名词，谓语为不及物动词时，此类谓语常是lie,sit,standetc.用全部倒装；此外，主系表结构中的表语提前时或在therebe句型中，也是采取全部倒装，其中，谓语应和真正的主语一致。1.Inthedarkforests_____，somelargeenoughtoholdseveralEnglishtowns.(2005辽宁，35)A.standmanylakesB.liemanylakesC.manylakeslieD.manylakesstand2，Such＿＿thefacts;noonecandenythem.3,Look,there＿＿oneofourguests.A.comeB.comesC.iscomingD.arecomingare2倒装句之部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词或be动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1)否定或半否定的词语，如no,not,never,nowhere,seldom,little,few,hardly,scarcely,rarely,atnotime,innoway,onnoaccount,innocase,under/innocircumstances(任何情况下都不）,bynomeans,innotime,notuntil…以及notonly…but(also),nolonger,nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…when(一…就…),onnocondition(任何条件下都不）等位于句首时，主句要倒装。Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.Youwillfindtheanswertothisquestionnowhere.Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.当Notuntil引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。这里绝不允许吸烟。（translatethesentence）Atnotimeareyouallowedtosmokehere.Innowayareyouallowedtosmokehere.只有当Notonly…butalso连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Notonly…butalso仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.Notonlycanmp3sprovideuswithfun,butalsotheycanhelpuslearnEnglishwell.2)only在句首要倒装的情况1.如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装Onlywhenheisseriouslyill,doesheeverstayinbed.2.如果only后面跟的是主语，则主句不倒装。Onlyheknowsthetruth.Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.OnlybypracticingeverydaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.3)由as或though引导的让步状语从句有时也用倒装句。1，表语的倒装他虽然是个孩子，但已经熟知英语。Childas/thoughhewas,hehadagoodcommandofEnglish.他虽有耐心，但也不愿意等三个小时。Patientthough/ashewas,hewasunwillingtowaitthreehours.Youngestasheisinourclass,hespeaksEnglishthebest.(如果是单数名词或形容词最高级做表语，倒装时不用冠词。）2，谓语动词的倒装Tryashemight,hedidn’tpasstheexam.Searchastheywouldhereandthere,theycouldfindnothingintheroom.3,状语的倒装Muchashelikesthebike,hedoesn’tWanttobuyit.⑴.______，hetalksalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass.(2005重庆，27)A.AquietstudentashemaybeB.QuietstudentashemaybeC.BeaquietstudentashemaybeD.Quietashemaybeastudent⑵.______，Carolinacouldn'tgetthedooropen.A.TryasshemightB.AsshemighttryC.ShemightastryD.Mightsheastry4）虚拟语气中，省去if后，从句需要倒装。1.Hadhenotbeenpromoted,heneverhaveremainedwiththecompany.（＝Ifhehadnotbeenpromoted,…）2.Shouldyouchangeyourmind,noonewouldblameyou.3.Werehetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyMonday.4.HadIknownwhatwasgoingtohappen,Iwouldneverhavedonesuchathing.5）在句型“so…that…”和“such…that…”中，如果so+adj或such+n提前放在句首时，前半句半倒装后半句不倒装。⑴.______homeworkdidwehavetodothatwehadnotimetotakearest.(2006福建，30)A.SomuchB.ToomuchC.ToolittleD.Solittle⑵.Sodifficult______ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.(2006广东，33)A.IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfound⑶.______aboutwildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoMadagascarforfurtherresearch.(2005江苏，35)A.SocuriousthecouplewasB.SocuriouswerethecoupleC.HowcuriousthecouplewereD.Thecouplewassuchcurious6）在so，nor，neither开头的句子，表示重复前句部分内容，句子的主语与前句的主语不是同一人，但谓语的时态，形式应与前句相一致，这时要半倒装。但当句子的主语与原句为同一人时，不倒装。⑴.--Iremindedyounottoforgettheappointment.(江西，31)--______A.SoyoudidB.SoIdonotC.SodidyouD.Sodo⑵.-Father，youpromised！(湖北，34)-Well，_____.Butitwasyouwhodidn'tkeepyourwordfirst.A.sowasIB.sodidIC.soIwasD.soIdid⑸.-Iwouldnevercometothisrestaurantagain.Thefoodisterrible！-______.(2004NMET，32)A.NoramIB.NeitherwouldIC.SamewithmeD.SodoI⑶.-Well.Idothinktherabbitisabeautiful，gentleanimalwhichcanrunveryfast.(辽宁，32)-______.A.SoitisB.SoisitC.SodoesitD.Soitdoes⑷.Maryneverdoesanyreadingintheevening，_____.(NMET，16)A.sodoesJohnB.JohndoestooC.Johndoesn'ttooD.nordoesJohnC3,Complement:1),themore…,themore…中的表语，状语或者宾语常前置，但是主谓不倒装。Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.ThemoreyoulistentoEnglish,theeasieritbecomes.2),表祝愿的句子中用部分倒装或全部倒装。Mayyousucceed!LonglivetheCommunistParty!Fillintheblanks.1.Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.2.Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.3.Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.4.TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.5.Ifyouwon'tgo,neitherwillI.1)---Whycan‘tIsmokehere?---Atnotime___inthemeeting-roomA.issmokingpermitted.BsmokingispermittedC.smokingisitpermittedDdoessmokingpermit2)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatheatis.A.mandidknowB.manknowC.didn‘tmanknowD.didmanknow3)Nosooner___thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun4)---DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?---Idon‘tknow,_____.A.nordon’tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon‘tcareneitherD.Idon'tcarealso5）NotuntilIbegantowork___howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn‘tIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn‘trealizeD.Irealize（10江西)6,Notuntilhelefthishome______