William-Blake-the-chimney-sweeper-译文及解析

WilliamBlake(1757-1827)MajorLiteraryWorksSongsofInnocence(1789):presentahappyandinnocentworld,thoughwithitsevilsandsufferingsSongsofExperience(1794):presentaworldofmisery,poverty,disease,warandrepressionwithamelancholytoneSongsofInnocence(1809)Alovelyvolumeofpoems,presentingahappyandinnocentworld,thoughnotwithoutitsevilsandsufferings.However,in“Thelittleblackboy”and“Thechimneysweeper”,wefindracialdiscriminationandsufferingsofthepoor.SongsofExperience(1794)AmuchmatureworkShowthesufferingsofthemiserableItmarksthepoet’sprogressinhisoutlookonlife.Tohim,experiencehadbroughtafullersenseofthepowerofevil,andofthegreatmiseryandpainofthepeople’slife.TheChimneySweeperSummery:TheChimneySweeperisthetitleoftwopoemsbyWilliamBlake,publishedinSongsofInnocencein1789andSongsofExperiencein1794.Intheearlierpoem,ayoungchimneysweeperrecountsadreamhadbyoneofhisfellows,inwhichanangelrescuestheboysfromcoffinsandtakesthemtoasunnymeadow;inthelaterpoem,anapparentlyadultspeakerencountersachildchimneysweeperabandonedinthesnowwhilehisparentsareatchurch.Alittleblackthingamongthesnow一个满身污垢的小小身影站在大雪里，Cryingweep,weep,innotesofwoe!“扫烟囱！扫烟囱！”他的叫声悲戚！（thechild'sattemptatsayingSweep!Sweep!,whichwasthechimneysweeper'sstreetcry.Weep:cry）Wherearethyfather&mother?say?“告诉我，你的父母在哪里？”Theyarebothgoneuptothechurchtopray.他们都去了教堂祷告上帝.BecauseIwashappyupontheheath,“因为我喜欢在荒野上嬉戏，Andsmil'damongthewinterssnow在冬天的大雪中也满脸笑意，Theyclothedmeintheclothesofdeath,他们就给我穿上丧衣，Andtaughtmetosingthenotesofwoe.还教我用悲声唱丧曲。”AndbecauseIamhappy&dance&sing,“因为我显得快乐，又唱歌，又跳舞，Theythinktheyhavedonemenoinjury:他们就觉得对我的所为无害无虞，AndaregonetopraiseGod&hisPriest&King,于是就去赞美牧师、国王和上帝—Whomakeupaheavenofourmisery.这些人用我们的痛苦成就了一个极乐之地。”thepoliticalandreligiousleaders,representedbyGod,PriestandKing,arehypocriticallypious.Theymaintainasumptuouslife,butignorethepoverty-strickengroups.Throughthechild’ssimplestatement,thepoetintendstoattackthemfortheirindifferenceandruthlessness.TheStructure:Basedastanzaoffourlines.Rhythmpattern：AABBonFirststanza.ABABonsecond&thirdFeatureswritteninfirstperson：createscredibilityandadeepersenseofsympathy.“'weep!'weep!'weep!”Blakewriteshispoemsinplainanddirectlanguage.Hispoemsoftencarrythelyricbeautywithimmensecompressionofmeaning.Hedistruststheabstractnessandtendstoembodyhisviewswithvisualimages.useofsimplelanguageserious,somberthemeslyricalbeautysymbolismmysticism