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-1-2019-2020H-1C-12O-16Na-23S-16Cl-35.5P-31163481.20191092019(JohnB.Goodenough)M(M.StanleyWhittingham)(AkiraYoshino)A.B.C.D.BA.AB.BC.HOCCD.DB2.A.B.C.FeCl3NaOHD.-2-CA.B.C.FeCl3NaOHD.C3.ABCDA.AB.BC.CD.DCA.AB.BC.CD.DC4.:-3-ACu2(OH)2CO3H2SO4NaHCO3CuOCO2BNaOHHClNaClNa2OCNaOHNH3CaCl2MgODKOHHNO3CaOA.AB.BC.CD.DDACu2(OH)2CO3CO2ABBCCDKOHCaODD5.-4-A.0.10mol/LNaOHB.COCO2C.D.BA.B.NaOHCOC.D.A.AB.NaOHCONaOHBC.CD.DB6.-5-AKC1MnO2BNaClNaClCKNO3NaClKNO3NaClDA.AB.BC.CD.DBA.MnO2KClKClMnO2AB.NaClNaClNaClBC.KNO3NaClCD.DB7.NA190911.2LNA2mol/L4NA22.4LNA46gNO2N2O43NA-6-A.B.C.D.A11.2L0.5mol1mol2mol/L4mol/LNO2N2O4NO211.2L0.5mol0.5mol1molNANO2N2O4NO246gNO24646/ggmol=1mol3NAAA8.A.B.C.CO2CO2D.Cu2+H+CuCl2DA+2+4ABB-7-CCO2CO2CDCu2+H+CuCl2DDBH2O9.20A.B.O2O3C.ID.NO2AA.B.C.D.A.A-8-B.O2O3BC.NOO3NO2ICD.NO2NODA10.Na2SNa2SO3Na2SO4S25.6%A.36.8%B.37.6%C.51.2%D.B2125.6%100%-Na-S21*2*2346*1*3232NaSMM25.6%36.8%=100%-25.6%-36.8%=37.6%BNaS11.8molN2COCO264g-9-A.COCO21:3B.CO14gC.2D.COCO2135:6D4141=8mol4=2molCOCO264gCOxmol(2-x)mol28xg+44(2-x)g=64gx=1.5molCO1.5mol0.5mol4141=8mol4=2molCOCO264gCOxmol(2-x)mol28xg+44(2-x)g=64gx=1.5molCO1.5mol0.5molACOCO21.5mol0.5mol=31ABm(CO)=nM=1.5mol28g/mol=42gBC=64g2mol=32g/mol11-10-CDCOCO21321CO4mol(8+2)mol(8+4)mol=56DD12.A.NaHCO3Ca(OH)22HCO3-+Ca2++2OH-=CaCO3+CO32-+2H2OB.MgCO3+2H+Mg2++H2O+CO2C.Ba2++OH-+H++SO42-=BaSO4+H2OD.CO2CO2+Ca2++2OHCaCO3+H2OCA.NaHCO3Ca(OH)22HCO3-+Ca2++2OH-=CaCO3+CO32-+2H2OAB.MgCO3+2H+Mg2++H2O+CO2BC.Ba2++2OH-+2H++SO42-=BaSO4+2H2OCD.CO2CO2+Ca2++2OHCaCO3+H2ODC13.CO322H=CO2H2OBa22OH2HSO42=BaSO42H2OAgCl=AgClFeCu2=Fe2Cu-11-A.B.C.D.DBa(OH)2H2SO4NaHSO4AgNO3NaClHClFe(CuSO4CuCl2)D14.R?nH2OM25agbgVmLA.wa(M-18n)M(a+b)%B.c1000amol/LMVC.25RS=100a(M-18n)18na+MbgD.(a+b)Vg/mLARnH2OMR(M-18n)agbgRnR=n(RnH2O)=aMmolRRnH2OMR(M-18n)agbgRnR=n(RnH2O)=aMmolRAa+bga(M-18n)Mgwa(M-18n)M(%a+b)100A-12-B.aMmolc=1000amol/LMVBC.a(M-18n)Mg18naM+bgS100g=a(M-18n)Mg18naM+bgS=100a(M-18n)18na+MbgCD.a+bg:(a+b)Vg/mLDA15.KMnO4FeSO4H2SO42SO4MnSO4Fe2(SO4)3H2OA.KMnO4Fe3+B.Fe2+Mn2+C.5:1D.1mol2.5molBAMnO4MnKMnO4Fe2FeFe2+Fe3ABFe2FeFe2+Mn2BC+7+2+2+3MnO4Mn21Fe2Fe35H+8H2O4MnO4-5Fe2+8H+=Mn2+5Fe3+4H2O15CDMnO4-5Fe2+8H+=Mn2+5Fe3+4H2O4mol5mol1mol1.25molDB16.10NaN32KNO3=K2O5X16N2A.XNa2OB.NaN3KNO3C.1.6molN23mol-13-D.N3mol1.4molCA.10Na5OX5XNa2OAB.NaN3+1-13-130NaN3KNO3+50BC.2KNO32102molKNO310mol16molN21.6molN21molCD.16molN210mol30molN2mol15mol-1mol=14molN3mol1.4molDCN3-55217.1684Ca2+Mg2+SO42-1NaOHNa2CO3BaCl2_____-14-ABCDMg2+_________2_____3_______A.B.C.D.(1).AB(2).Mg2++2OH-=Mg(OH)2(3).(4).B1Mg2+Ca2+SO42-NaOHNa2CO3BaCl2231Mg2+Ca2+SO42-NaOHNa2CO3BaCl2Mg2+Mg2++2OH-=Mg(OH)2ABMg2++2OH-=Mg(OH)223-15-BB118.KIO3KIO3+5KI+3H2SO43I2+3H2O+3K2SO41_____0.3mol_____2KICCl4_____3I2______________gf(1).5:1(2).0.5NA3.011023(3).(4).(5).g1KIO3+5KI+3H2SO43I2+3H2O+3K2SO4-16-2CCl431KIO3+5KI+3H2SO43I2+3H2O+3K2SO4KIO3+5I2051molKIO35mole-KIO3I21molKIO30.5molKI-1I2015molKI5mole-KII25molKI2.5mol2.5:0.5=5:13I2~5e-0.3mol0.5NA3.0110235:10.5NA3.0110232CCl4CCl43gg19.13.9gNa2XNa0.1molNa2X_____21.6gRO20.56LR________33.011022S2-_____________40.3NA____________gH3PO4(1).78g/mol(2).32(3).0.9mol(4).29.4-17-1Na2XMg/mol3.9gMg/mol2=0.1molM=7878g/mol20.56LRO20.56L22.4L/mol=0.025molRO21.6g0.025mol=64g/molRO264R64-216=323233.011022S2-22233.01106.0210mol=0.05mol1S2-180.05molS2-0.9mol0.9mol40.3NA0.3NA4=1.2NAnH3PO4=1.2NAAmol-14=0.3molmH3PO4=0.3mol98g/mol=29.4g29.420.84H1N184100NaClO=Na++ClO-184_____12100mL84c(Na+)=_____mol-1384NaClO480mLNaClO25%____________ABNaClOC-18-DNaClO149.0g4_____A.B.C.D.584_____LCO2()(CO2+NaClO+H2O=NaHCO3+HClO)68418.4mol-1500mL2.3mol?L184______________mL7_____98%H2SO48dg/mL18mol/L100g9mol/L_____A100mLBl00mLC100mL(1).4.0mol?L-1(2).0.04(3).AB(4).B(5).89.6(6).62.5(7).(8).B-19-1c=1000M2345nCO2=nNaClOV=nVm67c=nV81c=1000M=10001.1925%74.5=4.0mol?L-14.0mol?L-12100c(Na+)=4.0mol?L-11100=0.04mol-10.043AABABNaClOBCCD480mLNaClO25%500mLNaClO0.5L4.0mol?L-174.5g/mol=149.0gDAB4A.AB.BC.C-20-D.DB5CO2+NaClO+H2O=NaHCO3+HClOnCO2=nNaClO=1L4.0mol?L-1=4molCO222.4L/mol4mol=89.6L89.6618.4mol-1VmL=500mL2.3mol?L1V=62.562.5798%H2SO4818mol/L100gdg/mL=9mol/LVV=200dmLV-100g=200d-100gd100g1g/cm3l00mLB-21-B21.1A_____()~_____NaHSO4Ba(OH)22Ba2+_________3NaMg2Cu2OHClCO32-NO3-BaCl2AgNO3_______________(1).(2).(3).Ba2++OH-+H++SO42-=BaSO4+H2O(4).OHNaCl(5).Mg2Cu2CO32-1A2Ba(OH)2NaHSO4Ba2+3Cu2()OHMg2CO32-ClNaNO3-NO3--22-1A2Ba(OH)2NaHSO4Ba2+Ba2++OH-+H++SO42-=BaSO4+H2OBa2++OH-+H++SO42-=BaSO4+H2O3Cu2BaCl2OHNaClMg2Cu2CO32-OHNaClMg2Cu2CO32-