1HowtopronouncetheunvoicedconsonantT一、[t][t][t][t]的英美通用发音:发此音时,先将双唇微微张开,舌尖抵住上齿龈,送气,然后稍稍用力将舌尖弹开,不振动声带。注意:若出现在字尾时,固然仍可发类似t的无声音,但在快速或正常的英语交谈中,t通常并不发出来,而只做到将舌尖抵住上齿龈在送气就好了,不须将舌尖弹开。慢速:fit[f[f[f[fɪɪɪɪt]t]t]t]hit[[[[hhhhɪɪɪɪt]t]t]t]正常语速:[f[f[f[fɪɪɪɪ////]]]][[[[hhhhɪɪɪɪ////]]]]以上音标中括号内的斜线/表示[t][t][t][t]只做到将舌尖抵住上齿龈在送气就好了,不须将舌尖弹开。二、TheTheTheTheFlapFlapFlapFlapTTTT(American(American(American(AmericanEnglish)English)English)English)以下将着重介绍美国人对[t][t][t][t]的另一种读法,语言学上叫TheTheTheTheFlapFlapFlapFlapTTTT。这种读法很常见,比如water,Toyota,photo,bottle等等在正常语速时,美国人的实际读法(将t类似与d)是wader,Toyoda,phodo,boddle。具体发音诀窍:舌尖轻而快地击打一下上齿龈,产生极类似于[[[[dddd]]]]的弹舌音,但不送气(nopuffofair)。以下是适合发FlapT的几种情况:1、元音(vowelsounds)之间,读成[[[[dddd]]]],不送气:bittttingheattttedwaittttinginvitttted注意:当动词以辅音[t][t][t][t]和[[[[dddd]]]]结尾时,-ed形式读成[ɪd],e.g.landed[lændɪd]2、在元音[ɚ]前或后时,读成[[[[dddd]]]],不送气:arttttistdaughtttterhearttttywaitttterthirttttywatttter2forttttyquartttter3、两个tt相邻并存时,读成[[[[dddd]]]],不送气:battttterlattttterditttttobittttterletttttucekitttttybuttttterlitttttermottttto4、t在[əl]之前时,读成[[[[dddd]]]],不送气:battttttttlebottttttttlehospittttallittttttttlemorttttalmettttal5、在连读(soundlinking)时:IboughttttaaaaCDoflessons.(当不强调a时,连音时读成boughda)Itttt’’’’lllllbehelpful.(读成It’dlbehelpful)Ohno!WheredidIputtttiiiit?注意:1、一般情况下,若t出现在n和e之间,则t通常不发音,在实际对话中,美国人将headhunter读成headhun'er。类似的例子还有,printer(prin'er),complemented(complemen'ed),center(cen'er),counted(coun'ed)、entertainment(en'ertainment),winter(win’er),presented(presen'ed)。2、鼻腔爆破音(NasalPlosive):[tn][dn]e.g.:button,Latin,important,mountain,student,written,eaten,curtainetc..[tn][dn]读法:舌前端在上齿龈根部闭气,软腭放低,发出鼻音[n]的瞬间,气流从鼻腔出来,产生鼻腔爆破音。鼻腔爆破音,在美语中很常出现。©©©©Anti-JapanAnti-JapanAnti-JapanAnti-Japan