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Welcometoourclass语法框架图按使用目的分1.陈述句2.疑问句3.祈使句4.感叹句:说明一个事实或陈述一种看法:提出问题:提出请求,建议或发出命令，省略主语you的句子:表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪语法框架图、按其结构可以分:1.简单句2.并列句3.复合句1.主语+谓语2.主语+谓语+宾语3.主语+系动词+表语4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语5.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语1,定语从句2.名词性从句3.状语从句1.表语从句2.主语从句3.宾语从句4.同位语从句条件,结果,方式,让步,,时间,比较.在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句状语从句1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.让步状语从句6.目的状语从句7.结果状语从句8.方式状语从句9.比较状语从句1.状语定义:合句中由从句担任状语，称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语、定语或状语，或是整个句子2.当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。分类如下：时间地点条件让步原因目的结果比较方式状语从句一.时间状语从句1.注意时态一致.一般情况下:主句是将来时的时候,从句用一般现在时1.表示同时性，即主从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。引导词可分为两部分．aswhilewhenwheneverbeforeafteruntil(till)sinceassoonaseverytimenexttimethefirst/…timethemomenttheminute/…instantlyimmediatelydirectly(一…就…)as引导的时间状语从句,可以表达“正当……”，“一边……一边……”，“随着……”等意思。1.表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.2.表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。Justashewasspeakingtherewasaloudexplosion.3.表示两个动作同时发生。Helensangasongasshewashed.4.表示“随着…..”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果。Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.1.as,while,when的区别while:持续性动词／进行时1.一般或现在情况2.将来情况－V一般现在时或现在进行时3.过去情况e.g.IlikelisteningtomusicwhileIamdoingmyhomework.e.g.—I’mgoingtothepostoffice.--Whileyouarethere,canyougetsomestampsforme?e.g.IhurtmyshouldwhileIwasdoinggym.When:1.当…的时候WhenIwasyoung,Iwenttotownmyself.Whenhereceivestheletter,he’lltellus.before引导的时间状语从句1.常译为“在……之前”，2.表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。1.Wecleantheclassroombeforeweleaveschooleveryday.2.Itwillnotbelongbeforeyouregretforwhatyou’vedone.after引导的时间状语从句1.常译为“在……之后”，2.表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。1.Afteryouuseplasticbags,youmustn’tthrowthemabout.用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。TheAmricanWarlastedfouryears_____theNorthwonintheend.A.AfterB.beforeC.whenD.thenBsince引导的时间状语从句1.常译为“自从……”，2.主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。1.我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。Wehaven’tseeneachothersinceweparted.常用句型：Ithasbeen(is)+时间段+since从句“自从……有多长时间了”2.自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。Ithasbeen(is)sixyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.before,after,since1.Hehadleftthetowntheday______shearrived.2.Itwasnotlong_____helefthishometown.3.Iplayedfootball_____I(had)finishedmyhomework4.PleasetellherI’llcome_______Idosomeshopping.5.Itwillnotbelong_____wemeateachotheragain.6.It____________(be)twoyearssincewe_______(begin)tousethismachine.beforeafterbeforebeforeafteris/hasbeenbeganuntil/till引导的时间状语从句1.常译为“直到……时”，2.表示主句动作发生在从句之前。◆当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。1：我会待在这里，直到你回来。I’llstayhereuntilyoucomeback.◆当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句常用否定形式。not…until…“直到……才……”，这时until可用before替换。Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.2.他直到做完作业才睡觉。1.____heheardthis,hegotveryangry.2.ImetLucy____Iwaswalkingalongtheriver.3.____achild,helivedinthecountryside.A.whenB.whileC.as对比训练1ABC1.Wewereabouttoleave____itbegantorain.2.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherson,____,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmyson.3.HardlyhadIfinishedmycomposition____thebellrang.A.whenB.whileC.asD.during对比训练2ABAassoonas引导的时间状语从句1.译为“一…就…”，2.表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。1.他一回来我就告诉他这件事。Iwilltellhimaboutitassoonashecomesback.2.相当于assoonas用法的词或短语还有：immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant等.2.I’llgivehimyourmessagetheminutehearrives.1.DirectlyIhaddoneit,IknewIhadmadeamistake.名词短语引导的时间状语从句◆1.themoment,theminute,3.theinstant,thetime,5.thehour,theday,7.bythetime,eachtime,9.everytime,nexttime,anytime等也可以引导时间状语从句。1.IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeIsawher.2.Bythetimeyouarrived,thelecturehadalreadyended.3.Bythetimehecomes,wewillalreadyhaveleft.•1.WheneverytimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpme.•2.Atnexttimeyoucome,dorememberbringyoursonhere.•3.ForthefirsttimeImetthegirl.Ifeltinlovewithher.•4.Youarewelcometocomebackatanytimeyouwantto.•5.AtthelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.•语法规则：everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句其他连词引导的时间状语从句◆1.nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely/barely…when…2.从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。3.当nosooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。1.Ihadnosoonerbeguntotalkthanherangoff.2.NosoonerhadIbeguntotalkthanherangoff.我还未来得及讲话，他就挂断了电话。1.—Itcostme20yuantogettotheQuanzhouMuseumyesterday.—Well,itwasawasteofmoneytotakeataxi__________youcouldhavegonebybusaswell.(11泉州市质检）A.whenB.whileC.unlessD.because2.Youneverreallyknowwhetheryoucouldhandlefailure________youcomefacetofacewithit.(11厦门市质检）A.untilB.afterC.whenD.while3．Becauseoftheheavytraffic，itwasalreadytimeforlunchbreakshegottoheroffice．（10四川）A．sinceB．thatC．whenD．until4.Johnthinksitwon’tbelongheisready。forhisnewjob.（10陕西）A.whenB.afterC.beforeD.sinceA5.Howcanyouexpecttolearnanythingyouneverlisten？(06山东31)A.incaseB.evenifC.unlessD.when1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice______Ipickedupthephone.A.whileB.afterC.incaseD.theminute2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_______ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumersA.whenB.untilC.beforeD.since3.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.sinceC.AsD.While4.Hewashalfwaythroughhismeal____afamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.while6.Shehadjustfinishedherhomework____hermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday(09福建33).A.whenB.whileC.afterD.since7.Youcan’tborrowbooksfromtheschoollibrary______yougetyourstudentcard.(09上海32)A.beforeB.ifC.whileD.as需要注意的几点:1.在时间(或条件)状语从句中,要注意时态一致.一般情况下,“主将从现”Whenhereceives