搜索
Unit3GettingalongwithothersSectionⅢGrammarandusage语言基础自测Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1．Thewatergetsquite(浅的)towardstheshore.2．Writeitonadiaryorwriteitasa(博客)．3．Waterfallsarefromveryearlytimesafavouriteforthepainter.themeshallowblogⅡ.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1．adj.肤浅的，浅薄的；浅的→shallowlyadv.肤浅地，浅薄地2．n．博客，网志→bloggern．开博客的人blogshallowⅢ.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1．count依赖，依靠，指望2．eataway腐蚀，侵蚀；逐渐破坏3．come．..and...损害……之间的关系，离间4．person亲自，亲身5．point最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分6．thickandthin不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦onatbetweeninhighthroughⅣ.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1．Hatecanyoursoul.2．Iknowofatleasttwopeoplewhocantosupportus.3．Youshouldn'tletyourparentsyouyourgirlfriend.andeatawayatbecountedoncomebetween4．Jackstayedincollege，becausehewantedaneducation.5．Ican'tattendthemeeting，butIamsendingsomeonetospeakforme.inpersonthroughthickandthin核心要点探究counton依赖，依靠，指望(教材P34)Arealfriendissomeonewhosesupportwecancounton.真正的朋友是我们可以信赖的人。countup计算，算出总数countin把……计算在内，把……作为参加者算进去countout不把……考虑或计算在内①Countuptotenbeforeyouopenyoureyes.你数十个数再睁开眼睛。②Youcancountmysupport.你可以信赖我的支持。③Ifyou'rehavingaparty，countme．如果你们举行聚会的话，算我一个。inoneatawayat腐蚀，侵蚀；逐渐破坏(教材P34)Yetthesedays，themoderntoolsthatkeepusconnectedareeatingawayatthemeaningoffriendship.然而如今，让我们保持联系的现代通信工具正在逐渐破坏友谊的真谛。eataway连续不断地吃eatup吃光；耗尽；吞没；使苦恼eatin在家吃饭；在学校就餐eatout在外吃饭，下馆子①Eataway，children;youarewelcometoallyouwant.吃吧，孩子们，尽情地吃吧。②Tomwasreallyhungryandateupeverythingserved.汤姆确实饿坏了，把端到桌上的东西吃得精光。③Idon'tmindeatingifyoudothecooking.如果你烧饭的话，我不反对在家吃饭。④Theseahasbeeneatingawaythiscliffforcenturies.千百年来海水一直在侵蚀着这悬崖峭壁。atininperson亲自，亲身(教材P34)Tomakefriendsarealpartofourlives，weshouldputdownoursmartphonesandmeettheminperson.为了让朋友成为我们生活中真实的一部分，我们应该放下手机和他们亲自见面。inthepersonof以……的身份；代表……beone'sownperson做自己喜欢的事；保持自己的喜好①Heisinthepersonofhisfatherforthebanquet.他以他父亲的名义赴宴。②Beingyourownpersonreleasesyourcreativity.保持自己的本色才有助于发挥自身创造力。③Thewinnerwillbetherepersontocollecttheprize.奖金获得者须本人来领取。in语法专项突破由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.Doyouknowthemanthat/whoiswaitingoutside.2.Heshowedmethephotos(that/which)hetookonhistriptoXi'an.1.例句1中的黑体词在定语从句中作，不可省略。2.例句2中的黑体词在定语从句中作，可以省略。宾语主语3.Simonisthepoormanwhosecarhasbeenstolen.4.Iliketheway(that/inwhich)shesmiles.5.Thetreesthat/whicharebehindtheofficebuildinghavelosttheirleaves.3.例句3中的黑体词在定语从句中作。4.例句4中的黑体词在定语从句中作。5.例句5中的黑体词在定语从句中作。主语定语状语一、限制性定语从句概述在复合句中作定语，修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句由“先行词＋关系词＋从句”构成。限制性定语从句是定语从句的分支之一。限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，若省略，所修饰主句的内容就不完整或失去意义，和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号分开。先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词；关系词是引导定语从句的词，并代替先行词在从句中作一定的句子成分。引导定语从句的关系代词有which，that，who，whom，whose，as等。ThewomanwhoisstandingbytheclassroomisourEnglishteacher.站在教室旁边的那位女士是我们的英语老师。二、定语从句的先行词先行词是定语从句修饰和限定的成分，从构成上而言，它可以是名词、代词、名词性短语和整个主句；从句子成分上而言，它可以是主句的主语、宾语、表语、补语和整个主句。下面，我们从两个实例来看一下定语从句及其相关成分的分布：[即时训练1]找出下列句中的定语从句的先行词①Isthisthebookwhichyourfatherboughtforyou？②Whoisthemanthatisspeakingtoyourmother？③Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.___________④Somepeoplewhoaresuccessfullanguagelearnersoftenfailinotherfields.thebookthemanthemanSomepeople三、关系代词的用法1．that的用法that既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中通常作主语、宾语或表语，而且作宾语时常可省略。Thisis．．→Thisisthebook．这就是我想读的那本书。(that指代thebook，在定语从句中充当宾语)(that)IwanttoreadthebookIwanttoreadit[即时训练2]使用定语从句合并句子，并说出关系词that在从句中作什么成分①Thisisthehouse.LuXunoncelivedinthehouse.→Thisisthehouse．(that在定语从句中作)②Jackisnolongeralazyboy.Heusedtobealazyboy.→Jackisnolongeralazyboy．(that在定语从句中作)thatLuXunoncelivedin宾语thatheusedtobe表语③TheboyisTom.Theboyisstudyingintheclassroom.→TheboyisTom.(that在定语从句中作)主语thatisstudyingintheclassroom2．which的用法which一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，偶尔作定语。Myfavoriteplaceis．_________________________________．→MyfavoriteplaceisKunming_________________________________．我最喜欢的地方是昆明，它以“春城”而闻名。(which指代Kunming，在定语从句中充当主语)whichisknownastheSpringKunmingKunmingisknownastheSpringCityCity[即时训练3]单句语法填空①I'dskippednearbyGuilin，adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiverarepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinesepaintings.②Maybeyouhaveahabitisdrivingyourfamilycrazy.③Finallyhereachedalonelyislandwascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.that/whichthat/whichthat/which3．who的用法who指人，在定语从句中通常作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。Thetallmanis．．→Thetallman．正在打篮球的那个很高的人是姚明。(who指代YaoMing，在定语从句中充当主语)whoisplayingbasketballisYaoMingYaoMingYaoMingisplayingbasketball[即时训练4]说出下面句子中who作什么成分①Dicksonisanableworkerwhoweallvaluehighly.②Theboywhoisstandingthereismycousin.4．whom的用法whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。Thisis．．→Thisisthegirl．这是我在街上遇到的那个女孩。(whom指代thegirl，在定语从句中充当宾语)宾语主语thegirlImetthegirlinthestreetwhomImetinthestreet[即时训练5]翻译句子①大家都喜欢的这位男士很善良。②杰克不再是五年前我见到的杰克了。Themanwhomeveryonelikesiskind.Jackisnolongertheperson(that/who/whom)Imetfiveyearsago.5．whose的用法whose既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语，指人时，相当于ofwhom；指物时，相当于ofwhich。Ihaveread．．→Ihavereadthebook．我已经读了这本书，我很喜欢它里面的人物。(whose指代先行词thebook，在定语从句中充当定语)whosecharactersIlikeverymuchthebookIlikeitscharactersverymuch[即时训练6]用定语从句合并句子①Shehasabrother.Idon'tknowhisname.→Shehasabrother．②Don'tstandclosetothehouse.Itsroofisunderrepair.→Don'tstandclosetothehouse．whoseroofisunderrepairwhosenameIdon'tknow6．关系代词that与which的区别情况用that还是which先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰that先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰that先行词前有