高中英语必修1-Unit4-language-points

Unit4EarthquakesANightTheEarthDidn’tSleepImportantlanguagepointsRevisionRetellthestory.•1.When,where,whathappened.•2.Beforetheearthquake-----signs.•3.Duringtheearthquake-----damage•4.Aftertheearthquake---rescuewelln.井crackn.裂缝v.开裂京杭大运河canaln.运河,水道damn.水坝，大坝好臭！smellyadj.发臭的，有臭味的minern.矿工trapn.陷阱trackn.轨道，足迹frightenedadj.受惊的惊恐的brickn.砖reportern.记者rescuen./v.援救，营救digout挖掘，掘出1.rightaway立刻，马上e.g.Wemustleaverightaway.It’seightalready.(我们必须马上离开，现在已经八点了。）请马上把书还给我。Pleasereturnthebooktomerightaway.同义词atonceimmediatelyinnotime2.rise(rise、rose、risen)•vi.(指日月星辰烟等的)升起，(水位/价格/温度的)上升=goup;起身=getup•Thesunrisesatseveno’clock.（太阳升起）•Priceshaverisensteadilyduringthepasttenyears.(价格上涨)•Herosefromhischairandbeganhisspeech.（起身）rise&raiserisevi.主动上升，升起raisevt.抬高，提高；养育，饲养；筹募，筹集（有被动）raise-raised-raised(其后一定要加宾语）raisemoneyraisefundsfor募捐筹集资金1.Thesun_______intheeast.2.Pricescontinueto______.3.Thepriceofthetomatoeshasbeen________recently.4.Hisjobis________chickens.raisingThey______theirarmsandwavedtouswithjoy.AriseBroseCraiseDraisedrisesriseraised口头翻译:他紧张地说不出话来。LiPing’sbrotheristooyoungtojointhearmy.李平的弟弟年纪太小而不能参军。Hewastoonervoustospeak.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.3.too…to…太…以至于不能(表否定)“too…to…”结构之前带有only,but,never,not,时，是强调肯定的表示法，译作“非常……”“十分…”“实在……””真是太……”等Iamonlytoohappytoteachyou.我非常高兴教你们。Heisbuttoogladtodoso.他非常喜欢这样做.Youcanneverbetoooldtoenjoyasong.我们绝对不会老得不能享受歌曲带来的欢乐.Too…to..结构中带有表示心情或描绘性的adj/adv时也表达肯定含义e.g.ready,eager,satisfied,kind,willing,anxiousetc.Sheistooreadytohelpother.他乐于助人。Iamtooeagertohaveaworldtrip.我很想去环球旅行。e.g.Theballoonsuddenlyburst.气球突然间爆炸了。4.burstvi./vt.(burst---burst---burst)使某物爆炸，胀破，爆破,破裂burstinto+n.闯入；突然开始……e.g.Somerobbersburstintothathouse.一些强盗闯进了那间房子。burstout突然开始…burstout+doinge.g.Theyburstoutlaughing.他们突然开始笑起来了。burstinto+n.burstout+doing……1.Heburstintolaughter.=Heburstoutlaughing.他突然笑了。2.Heburstintotears.=Heburstoutcrying.他突然大哭起来。=扩展:burstintoleafburstintoflower长出叶子开花n.aburstof...一阵...aburstoflaughter/thunder/applause(欢呼）3.他们全都突然笑起来/哭起来/唱起来.Allofthemburstoutlaughing/crying/singing.=Allofthemburstintolaughter/tears/songs.5.thinklittleof不重视，轻视e.g.Don’tthinklittleofhim.Hecandoitwell.(别小看他，他会做好的。)thinkof想起，考虑thinklittleof认为没什么thinknothingof不重视，忽视thinkbadly/poorly/illof对……看法不好，评价很低thinkwell/much/highly/alot/agreatdealof1.老师对你的进步评价很高。Theteacherthoughthighlyofyourprogress.2.Totellyouthetruth,I____________Tom,whoisverylazyandneverknowswhattodo.thinkpoorlyof对……重视/高度评价6.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.1)asif似乎，好像=asthoughShespoketomeasifsheknewme.她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。2)asif在表语从句中相当于that:Itseemedasif/thatthemeetingwouldneverend.看起来会议没完没了。seem看来，似乎，好像seem(+tobe)+adj./n.seem+like+n.seemtodoitseems(tosb)+that=sbseemtodo看起来···，好像······Hisfatherseemstobeakindman.Heseemstoknoweverything.Iseemtohaveseenherbefore.=ItseemsthatIhaveseenherbefore.我好像以前认识她。PleasetranslatethesesentencesintoEnglish.1.太阳从东方升起。2.他们昨天为慈善机构募捐了许多钱。3.房子太小了而不能容纳这些人。（hold容纳)4.小偷突然闯入了她的房间。5.这位老人突然大哭起来。6.我对这部电影评价不高。7.老师不能轻视学生。1.Thesunrisesintheeast.2.Theyraisedalotofmoneyforthecharityyesterday.3.Thehouseistoosmalltoholdthesepeople.4.Thethiefburstintoherroom.5.Thisoldmanburstoutcrying.=Thisoldmanburstintotears.6.Ithoughtpoorlyofthefilm.7.Teacherscan’tthinklittleofstudents.7.atanend=finished结束，终结（作表语)★Wewereveryhappywhentheworkwasatanend.Compare:attheendofbytheendofintheend★attheendof“在…尽头；在…末”★bytheendof“到/截止……末”；主句一般用完成时★intheend意思“最后、终于”=atlast/finally1.Washyourhands_______________theexperiment.attheendof2.HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearned____________lastterm?bytheendof3.Hetriedvariousjobsand________becameateacher.intheendbring/putanendtosth使…终止sthcometoanend.…结束endupwith以….而告终其他词组：Thejobcametoanendlastmonth.Hersuddenarrivalputanendtotheirmeeting.她的忽然来到使他们的会议终止了。Atthedinnerweusuallybeginwithsoupandendupwithfruit.在宴会上，开始的一道菜通常是汤，最后的一道是水果。8．分数的表示法分子分母基数词序数词分子大于一，分母用复数三分之一one-third五分之三three-fifthstwoandthree-fifths?aquarter？例外：二分之一ahalf/onehalfTwothirdsofthelandiscoveredbyforest.2.Onefifthofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.1.三分之二的陆地为森林所覆盖．这个班里五分之一的学生是女生．注意：分数+n.作主语，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于分数后面的名词形式•经典回放：•Thecompanyhadabout20notebookcomputersbutonlyone-third_____usedregularly.•A.isB.areC.wasD.wereD3.Morethan61%ofthesurfaceoftheearth_____coveredbywater.4.One-thirdoftheworkersinthisfactory_____young.isare9.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.liev.1)处于某种状态=remain（lay,lain）2）躺，平躺，位于,平放(lay,lain）3)撒谎（lied,lied）2.Helaydownthesofaandsoonfellasleep.他在沙发上躺着很快睡着了。1.Thesemachineshavelainidlesincethefactoryclosed.（状态）自从工厂关闭后，这些机器就一直闲着。3.中国位于亚洲东部。ChinaliesintheeastofAsia.Don’tlietome.4.不要对我说谎。口诀:规则的“撒谎”，不规则的“躺”，躺过就“下蛋”。(lie当“说谎”用，它的过去式和过去分词都为lied，而当“躺”用时，它的过去式为“下蛋”即lay)中文原形过去式过去分词现在分词说明放置产卵下蛋laylaidlaidlaying及物动词躺;位于lielaylainlying不及物动词说谎lieliedliedlying不及物动词lie和lay的区别10.ruinn.&v.毁坏，毁灭，灭亡，废墟inruins严重受损,成为废墟。Anearthquakeleftthewholetowninruins.lie/beinruins成为废墟bringsthintoruin使某物毁灭ruinoneself自我毁灭Iwasruinedbythatlawcase.我被那场官司搞的倾家荡产。①damage指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词,也可以用作名词,用作名词时常与tosomething连用。Theaccidentdidalotofdamagetohiscar.②destr