Optimization-and-Coordination-of-Fresh-Product-Sup

整理文档很辛苦,赏杯茶钱您下走!

免费阅读已结束,点击下载阅读编辑剩下 ...

阅读已结束,您可以下载文档离线阅读编辑

资源描述

OptimizationandCoordinationofFreshProductSupplyChainswithFreshness-KeepingEffortXiaoqiangCaiDepartmentofSystemsEngineeringandEngineeringManagement,TheChineseUniversityofHongKong,Shatin,N.T.,HongKong,xqcai@se.cuhk.edu.hkJianChenandYongboXiaoResearchCenterforContemporaryManagement,KeyResearchInstituteofHumanitiesandSocialSciencesatUniversities,SchoolofEconomicsandManagement,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China,chenj@sem.tsinghua.edu.cn,xiaoyb@sem.tsinghua.edu.cnXiaolinXuSchoolofBusiness,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093,China,xuxl@nju.edu.cnWeconsiderasupplychaininwhichadistributorprocuresfromaproduceraquantityofafreshproduct,whichhastoundergoalong-distancetransportationtoreachthetargetmarket.Duringthetransportationprocess,thedistributorhastomakeanappropriateefforttopreservethefreshnessoftheproduct,andhissuccessinthisrespectimpactsonboththequalityandquantityoftheproductdeliveredtothemarket.Thedistributorhastodeterminehisorderquantity,leveloffreshness-keepingeffort,andsellingprice,bytakingintoaccountthewholesalepriceoftheproducer,thecostofthefreshness-keepingeffort,thelikelyspoilageoftheproductduringtransportation,andthepossibledemandfortheproductinthemarket.Theproducer,ontheotherhand,hastodeterminethewholesalepricebasedonitseffectontheorderquantityofthedistributor.Wedevelopamodeltostudythisproblem,andcharacterizeeachparty’soptimaldecisionsinbothdecen-tralizedandcentralizedsystems.Wefurtherdevelopanincentiveschemetofacilitatecoordinationbetweenthetwoparties.Computationalresultsarereportedtoshowtheeffectsoffreshness-keepingefforts.Keywords:supplychainmanagement;perishableproducts;coldchains;freshness-keepingeffort;pricingHistory:Received:December2007;Accepted:June2009,after3revisions.1.IntroductionTransportationandstorageoffreshproducts,suchasliveseafood,freshfruits,freshvegetables,andcutflowers,arechallengingandriskyoperations,duetothehighlyperishablenatureofsuchproducts.Boththeproducerandthedistributorcansuffersubstantiallosses.FergusonandKetzenberg(2006)havenotedthatgroceryretailersindevelopedWesterneconomiescanincurlossesofupto15percentduetodamageandspoilageofperishableitems.Inlessdevelopedcountries,whichlacksophisticatedtransportationfa-cilities,transportationoffreshproductscancauseevengreaterlosses.Forexample,accordingtoarecentAccenturereport,only15%ofallperishableproductsinChinaaretransportedinrefrigeratedvehicles(comparedwithnearly90%indevelopedcountries),resultinginalossof$8.9billionannuallyinfruitandvegetabledistribution.Thisrepresentsabout30%ofChina’sannualoutput(BoltonandLiu2006).Distributionoffreshproductsfallsinthecategoryof‘‘coldchains,’’inwhichtheproductsarekeptatlowtemperature.However,asindicatedbyKasmire(1999),allfreshproductsdeterioratewithtime,evenunderoptimumhandlingandtransportconditions.Preventingthespoilageofperishableproductsisthereforeanimportantpriorityforboththeproducerandthedistributor,especiallywhenthesupplychaininvolveslongdistancetransportation(as,e.g.,whenfreshflowersareexportedoverseas).Investingmoreresourcesinpreservativeefforts,byusingbetterpack-agingormorepowerfulcoolingfacilitiesorafastertransportationmode,helpstokeepspoilagetoamin-imum(Doris1998),butimposesaconsiderablecostontheproducerordistributor.Determiningthebesttrade-offbetweentheassociatedcostsandbenefitssoastooptimizethetotalprofitisthereforeacriticalproblemfacingfresh-productproducersanddistributors.Thispaperaimstoaddressthisproblem,bycon-sideringthefreshness-keepingeffortasadecisionvariableinthemodellingofthesupplychain.Inspeakingofthefreshness-keepingeffort,werefertothetotalcapitalinvestedtocontrolthespoilageoftheproductduringthedistributionprocess.Specifically,261PRODUCTIONANDOPERATIONSMANAGEMENTVol.19,No.3,May–June2010,pp.261–278ISSN1059-1478|EISSN1937-5956|10|1903|0261POMSDOI10.3401/poms.1080.01096r2009ProductionandOperationsManagementSocietywestudythefollowingproblem:Adistributorpro-curesaquantityofafreshproductfromaproducerandtransportsittoatargetmarketforsale.‘‘Obsoles-cence’’and‘‘deterioration’’mayoccurduringtrans-portation,whichcause‘‘quantityloss’’and‘‘qualitydrop’’(qualityreferstothefreshnessoftheproduct),respectively.Themarketdemandfortheproductde-pendsonthefreshnessoftheproductandthesellingprice.Thedistributorhastodecide:(i)thequantityheshouldorderfromtheproducer,(ii)thefreshness-keepingeffortheshouldinvestduringthetranspor-tationprocess,and(iii)thesellingpriceinthemarket.Theproducer,ontheotherhand,hastodeterminethewholesaleprice.Weconsiderdecisionmakingunderboththedecentralizedandcentralizedsettingsanddesignanincentiveschemethatcoordinatesthesup-plier–distributorchannel.Productsofoneorbothperishablecharacteristicsasdescribedaboveinclude,forexample,liveseafoodandfreshfruits.Liveseafood,suchascrab,lobster,andprawn,oftensuffersquantitylossowingtodeathduringtransportation,whereasfreshfruitsoftenex-periencequalitydeterioration—Whensuchaproductreachesthetargetmarketafteralong-distancetrans-portation,itbecomeslessfresh.Insomeoccasions,transportationoffreshfruitsincursnotonlyqualitydrop,butalsoquantityloss.Notet

1 / 18
下载文档,编辑使用

©2015-2020 m.777doc.com 三七文档.

备案号:鲁ICP备2024069028号-1 客服联系 QQ:2149211541

×
保存成功