ASTM-D1003-13

Designation:D1003−13StandardTestMethodforHazeandLuminousTransmittanceofTransparentPlastics1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD1003;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.ThisstandardhasbeenapprovedforusebyagenciesoftheU.S.DepartmentofDefense.ThistestmethodreplacesMethod3022ofFederalTestMethodStandard406.1.Scope*1.1Thistestmethodcoverstheevaluationofspecificlight-transmittingandwide-angle-light-scatteringpropertiesofplanarsectionsofmaterialssuchasessentiallytransparentplastic.Twoproceduresareprovidedforthemeasurementofluminoustransmittanceandhaze.ProcedureAusesahazeme-terasdescribedinSection5andProcedureBusesaspectro-photometerasdescribedinSection8.Materialhavingahazevaluegreaterthan30%isconsidereddiffusingandshouldbetestedinaccordancewithPracticeE2387.1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.NOTE1—Forgreaterdiscriminationamongmaterialsthatscatterahighpercentoflightwithinanarrowforwardangle,suchasisthecasewithabradedtransparentplastics,adjustthehazemeterandperformmeasure-mentsinaccordancewithTestMethodD1044.1.3Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.NOTE2—ThistestmethodisnotequivalenttoISO13468-1andISO/DIS14782.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2D618PracticeforConditioningPlasticsforTestingD883TerminologyRelatingtoPlasticsD1044TestMethodforResistanceofTransparentPlasticstoSurfaceAbrasionE259PracticeforPreparationofPressedPowderWhiteReflectanceFactorTransferStandardsforHemisphericalandBi-DirectionalGeometriesE284TerminologyofAppearanceE691PracticeforConductinganInterlaboratoryStudytoDeterminethePrecisionofaTestMethodE2387PracticeforGoniometricOpticalScatterMeasure-ments2.2ISOStandards:3ISO13468-1Plastics—DeterminationoftheTotalLumi-nousTransmittanceofTransparentMaterialsISO/DIS14782Plastics—DeterminationofHazeofTrans-parentMaterials3.Terminology3.1Definitions—TermsapplicabletothistestmethodaredefinedinTerminologiesD883andE284.3.2DefinitionsofTermsSpecifictoThisStandard:3.2.1haze,n—intransmission,thescatteringoflightbyaspecimenresponsibleforthereductionincontrastofobjectsviewedthroughit.Thepercentoftransmittedlightthatisscatteredsothatitsdirectiondeviatesmorethanaspecifiedanglefromthedirectionoftheincidentbeam.3.2.1.1Discussion—Inthistestmethod,thespecifiedangleis0.044rad(2.5°).3.2.2luminous,adj—weightedaccordingtothespectralluminousefficiencyfunctionV()oftheCIE(1987).3.2.3luminoustransmittance,n—theratiooftheluminousfluxtransmittedbyabodytothefluxincidentuponit.4.SignificanceandUse4.1Lightthatisscattereduponpassingthroughafilmorsheetofamaterialcanproduceahazyorsmokyfieldwhenobjectsareviewedthroughthematerial.Anothereffectcanbeveilingglare,asoccursinanautomobilewindshieldwhendrivingintothesun.4.2Althoughhazemeasurementsaremademostcommonlybytheuseofahazemeter,aspectrophotometermaybeused,providedthatitmeetsthegeometricandspectralrequirements1ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlasticsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD20.40onOpticalProperties.CurrenteditionapprovedNov.15,2013.PublishedNovember2013.Originallyapprovedin1949.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2011asD1003-11ε1.DOI:10.1520/D1003-13.2ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.3AvailablefromAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI),25W.43rdSt.,4thFloor,NewYork,NY10036,*ASummaryofChangessectionappearsattheendofthisstandardCopyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959.UnitedStates1ofSection5.Theuseofaspectrophotometerforhazemea-surementofplasticscanprovidevaluablediagnosticdataontheoriginofthehaze,4andProcedureBisdevotedtotheuseofaspectrophotometer.4.2.1ProcedureA(hazemeter)testvaluesarenormallyslightlyhigherandlessvariablethanProcedureB(spectropho-tometer)testvalues.4.3Regularluminoustransmittanceisobtainedbyplacingaclearspecimenatsomedistancefromtheentranceportoftheintegratingsphere.However,whenthespecimenishazy,thetotalhemisphericalluminoustransmittancemustbemeasuredbyplacingthespecimenattheentranceportofthesphere.Themeasuredtotalhemisphericalluminoustransmittancewillbegreaterthantheregularluminoustransmittance,dependingontheopticalpropertiesofthesample.Withthistestmethod,thespecimenisnecessarilyplacedattheentranceportofthesphereinordertomeasurehazeandtotalhemisphericalluminoustransmittance.4.4Hazedatarepresentativeofthematerialmaybeob-tainedbyavoidingheterogeneoussurfaceorinternaldefectsnotcharacteristicofthematerial.4.5Hazeandluminous-transmittancedataareespeciallyusefulforqualitycontr