模拟电子技术基础教案

83NPPN131112PN3PN1231121.11.1.1IntrinsicSemiconductor(Semiconductor)Silicon,germanium,gallium,arsenideCovalentbondfreeelectronholecarrierkT2E2/31iiGOeTKpn==nipiK1TkEGO1.1.2(ExtrinsicSemiconductor)N(N-typesemiconductor)antimonyphosphorusarsenidNNmajoritycarrier(minoritycarrier)donorimpurity5×1016/cm34.96×1022/cm3T=300K1.43×1010/cm3P(P-typesemiconductor)borongalliumindiumP(acceptorimpurity)1.1.3PN(PNJunction)PNspacechargeregion(diffussion)-(drift)PNNPdepletionlayerPN1PNPNPN2PNPNPNPNPNPN)1IIUU−=T(eST=300KUT=26mVPNPNPN1depletioncapacitance2(diffussioncapacitance)**PN**PN**1.21.2.11.2.2U(on)thresholdvoltageIsreversesaturationcurrentU(BR)breakdownvoltage1.2.31IF2URURU(BR)3IR4fM1.2.4UonUonrDUonrDUonUonuDiDuDiDID∆iDQ∆uDUDID∆iDQ∆uDUDrd∆iD+-∆uDrd∆iD+-∆uDTDUuTSDUuSDDDDdUIeUIdu)]1e(I[ddudiuir1TDTD≈≈−=≈=∆∆DTdIUr≈1.2.51Uz2Iz3PZM45RRLDZIZUIIL+-RRLDZIZUIIL+-minLminZaxImmaxZIRUUI−−=IzmaxLmaxZinImminZIRUUI−−=Iz1.3BipolarJunctionTransistor1.3.1PNPNPN1.3.2CCCCVV--++uuIIuuooVVBBBB1IEIE=IEN+IEP2IB3ICIE=IEN+IEP=ICN+IBN+IEPIC=ICN+ICBOIB=IBN+IEP-ICBO=I’B-ICBOIE=IC+IBCBOBCBOCBCNIIII'II+−==βCEOBCBOBCIII)1(II+=++=βββ1,,,IICBOBβBCIIβ≈BEI)1(Iβ+≈BCii∆∆β=ICBOICEOCBOECBOCNCIIIII+=+=αECNII=αββα+=1ααβ−=1ECii∆∆α=1.3.3UCEiB∝UBE,iB-f(UBE)|UCE=Const.UCE1V1UBE≤Uon,UCEUBE,IB=0,iC=ICEO2UBEUon,UCE≥UBE,iC=βIB3UBEUon,UCEUBE,UCE=UBE1.3.41βBCBCEOCIIIII≈−=β2αECII≈α3CBOICEOICBOCEOI)1(Iβ+=1β.ConstUBCCEii==∆∆β2α.ConstUECCBii==∆∆α3fTβ11PCM2ICMIC3UCBO,UCEO,UEBO,UCER,UCES.UCEXUCBOUCEXUCESUCERUCEOUEBO1.3.5ICBO8222hhAuRiRo2211231232.12.1.12.1.2BLOCKVoltagegainiOuuuUUA••••==A(VCVS)CurrentGainiOiiiIIA••••==A(CCCS)TransinpedencegainoouiIUA•••=(CCVS)TransconductancegainiOiuUIA•••=(VCCS)RoRsRiSU•RLoU•+-oU'•RoRsRiSU•RLoU•+-oU'•iiiIVR&&=0,=∞=•••=SLURooIURLoooR1U'UR−=fbw=fH-fLbw:BandwidthfH:UppercutofffrequencyfL:Lowercutofffrequency2.22.2.1VBBVCC-TRbRCuiiBiCuo++-VBBVCC-TRbRCuiiBiCuo++-ui=0VVBBVCC2.2.2iBvBEiBvBEtQtwhyquiescentpointbBEQBBBQRUVI−=BQCQIIβ=CCQCCCEQRIVV×−=2.2.3uiiB(iC)IBQ(ICQ)uCEUCEQttttuiiB(iC)IBQ(ICQ)uCEUCEQttttuiiB=IBQ+ibiC=β(IBQ+ib)=ICQ+iCuCE=VCC-ICRC=UCEQ+ucoccciuuRi)i(iiuubcbbe→→→→→→βRC2.2.412∆uBE;31uo+-RLVCCRb2Rb1RCui+-uo+-RLVCCRb2Rb1RCui+-1bBEQ2bBEQCCBQRURUVI−−=BQCQIIβ=CCQCCCEQRIVV×−=2uo+-RLVCCRb2Rb1RCui+-uo+-RLVCCRb2Rb1RCui+-bBEQCCBQRUVI−=BQCQIIβ=CCQCCCEQRIVV×−=C1C2C1Rc2.32.3.1uo+-RLVCCRb2Rb1RCus+-RSuo+-RLVCCRb2Rb1RCus+-RS12312Rb2RCRb1RLRSRb2RCRb1RLRSRCRLRb2RSRb1RCRLRb2RSRb1RbRCRLviRbRCRLvi2.3.2TRbRCusVBBVCCIBICuo+-+-TRbRCusVBBVCCIBICuo+-+-RCVBBuCEVCCRbuBE++––iBiCus+-RCVBBuCEVCCRbuBE++––iBiCusRCVBBuCEVCCRbuBE++––iBiCus+-uBE=VBB+us-iBRbuCE=VCC-iCRCVBB/RbIBQVBEQQ1Q2uBEVBBus=0,uBE=VBB-iBRbIfuBE=0,then:iB=VBB/RbIfiB=0;then:uBE=VBBuCE=VCC-iCRCIfuCE=0,then:iC=VCC/RCIfiC=0,then:uCE=VCC∆uITRbRCusVBBVCCIBICuo+-+-TRbRCusVBBVCCIBICuo+-+-uSCECECCCBSAuuuRiiiu⇒⇒⇒⇒⇒⇒∆∆∆∆∆∆∆iBvBEQiBvBEiBvBEQiBvBEiBvBEQiBvBEiBvBEQNPNNPNVBBRcRbVBBRbVCCVCC/RC1/R’L1/RCQICQ(RC//RL)ICQ2.3.3uBEUonIBQQICQUonIBQβIBQICQUCEQUBEQbceUonIBQβIBQICQUCEQUBEQbceUBE≥Uon,UCE≥UBEuBEUoniBuBEUoniBiCuCEiCuCEeUonIBQβIBQICQUCEQUBEQbcVccRbRceUonIBQβIBQICQUCEQUBEQbcVccRbRcUonIBQβIBQICQUCEQUBEQbcVccRbRcbonCCBQRUVI−=BQCQIβI=CCQCCCEQRIVV×−=h(hParametermodel)small-signallowrequencyacmodel)(CEBBEu,ifu=)(CEBCu,ifi=b-ec-e:1ecbeecbeCEICEBEBUBBEBEduuudiiuduBCE∂∂+∂∂=CEICECBUBCCduuidiiidiBCE∂∂+∂∂=CEICEBEBUBBEBEduuudiiuduBCE∂∂+∂∂=CEICECBUBCCduuidiiidiBCE∂∂+∂∂=CEUBBEeiuh∂∂=11BICEBEeuuh∂∂=12CEUBCeiih∂∂=21BICECeuih∂∂=22CEUBBEeiuh∂∂=11BICEBEeuuh∂∂=12CEUBCeiih∂∂=21BICECeuih∂∂=22CEeBeBEduhdihdu1211+=CEeBeCduhdihdi2221+=CEeBeBEduhdihdu1211+=CEeBeCduhdihdi2221+=ceebebeUhIhU•••+=1211ceebeCUhIhI•••+=2221ceebebeUhIhU•••+=1211ceebeCUhIhI•••+=22212hCEUBBEe11iuh∂∂=BICEBEeuuh∂∂=12-uBECEUBCe21iih∂∂=BICECe22uih∂∂=3h4rbeTEB'TEB'VVVVeI)1e(IiESESE≈−=reVT/iEre|QVT/IEQ=26(mV)/IEQ(mA)rbe|Q=rbb'+rb′erbb’+(1+β)26/IEQTEESTEB'EeddVieIV1vir1TEB'VV≈==2.4:•AubebirIU••=)R//R(I)R//R(IULCbLCCO•••−=−=βbeLCbebLCbiourR//RrIR//RIUUAββ−=−==•••••:Ribe2b1bir//R//RR=:RoRcRo=2.4.1QQ2.4.2V'CC=VCCRb2/(Rb1+Rb2)R'b=Rb1Rb2IB=(V'CCVBE)/[R'b+(1+β)Re]TICUEUBEICIBQTICUEUBEICIBQIC=βIBVC=VCCICRcVCE=VCCICRcIERe=VCCIC(Rc+Re)1beLbebLbvr'RrI'RIV/Vββ−=−==••io&&&Abe2b1br//R//RI/VR==iii&&bI•bI•βoU•iU•bI•bI•βoU•iU•2b1bebeiR//R//]R)1(r[Rβ++=CORR=bebebLCiouI]R)1(r[I)R//R(UUA•••••++−==ββebeLCR)1(r)R//R(ββ++=bebebLCiouI]R)1(r[I)R//R(UUA•••••++−==ββebeLCR)1(r)R//R(ββ++=ReI)1(rIUbbebi•••++=βebebiiR)1(rIU'Rβ++==••LCboR//RIU••=β2.52.5.1+-uiIBIEIcuo++-uiIBIEIcuo+IBIEIcIBIEIcuouoebBEQBBBQR)1(RUVIβ++−=ebBEQBBBQEQR)1(RUV)1(I)1(Iβββ++−+=+=eEQCCCEQRIVU−=+bI•bI•βiU•oU•+bI•bI•βiU•oU•cebbI•bI•βeI•iU•oU•cebbI•bI•βeI•iU•oU•bebebebeebebbeeiouI]R)1(rR[R)1(IRI)rR(IRIUUA••••••••++++=++==ββoI•oU•eI•bI•βbI•+-RooI•oU•eI•bI•βbI•+-oI•oU•eI•bI•βbI•+-Ro2.5.2ebebeR)1(rRR)1(ββ++++=1A,,R)1()rR(uebeb≈++•βbeebbebbiiIRI)Rr(IIUR•••••++==)1(rRRe//)IU//(RIURbebeoeoooβ++===••••ebebR)1(rRβ+++=uiuo+uiuo+uiuouiuoebcbI•cbII••=βeI•iU•oU•rbeebcbI•cbII••=βeI•iU•oU•rbeQeBEQBBEQRUVI−=β+=1IIEQBQBEQCCQCCEQCCQCCCEQURIVURIVU+−=−−=ebecbebeecciouR)1(rRrIRIRIUUAββ++=+==••••••β++=+==•••••1rRIrIRIIURbeeebebeeiiiCoR