英国城市公共交通发展经验及对我国的启示-徐文强

12420128JournalofTransportationSystemsEngineeringandInformationTechnologyVol.12No.4August20122012-04-192012-06-152012-06-192010-312-221-330．1969－．*[e-mail]1009-6744201204-0190-05121*31．7100642．1007363．100029、、、．、、、、、．U491．1+7APublicTransportDevelopmentExperienceofUKandItsEnlightenmenttoChinaXUWen-qiang12XUYa-hua1FENGLi-guang31．SchoolofEconomicsandManagementChang’anUniversityXi’an710064China2．RoadTransportationDepartmentMinistryofTransportationBeijing100736China3．ChinaAcademyofTransportSciencesBeijing100029ChinaAbstractBasedonfieldinvestigationandrelatedmaterialsthepapersummarizesthedevelopmentcharacteristicsofUKurbanpublictransport．ItanalyzesthepoliciesandmeasuresofUKintermsofmanagementsystemmarketoperationservicemonitoringinvestmentandticketpricing．ConsideringtheactualstatusofcitiesinChinasomeadvicesareproposedforimprovingChina’surbanpublictransportincludingestablishingtheoperationmanagementsystempromotingcompanycompetitionpricingticketwithscientifictheoryandmethodsincreasinginvestmentstrictlyevaluatingoperationandservicesadjustingtrafficdemandsbyeconomicapproachesandencouraginggreentrafficmodes．Itmayprovidereferencesforpolicyandmeasuremakingupofthegovernment．KeywordsurbantrafficpublictransportpublictransportprioritytraveldemandmanagementTDMtransportationenergysavingandenvironmentprotectionCLCnumberU491．1+7DocumentcodeA1201．．．．．2、、、、1．27100．．70%．1863．12、275408525380．7002801．768006009．33．1．12．2．2007《》60．3．4940%．420104．．3．2．．60165“—”7．12010．．“—”3．3．3——．19844．．．．．．．1/51/2．．19120128．．、．3．4．《》、、、．、、．150、、、．3．51980．、．5．6%201012%4%．、、、、、、、、、．3．61．198770．20．、、ORR．．2．①ORR．2004、．ORR5．45ORR20、206．ORR．ORR．②RAIB．．RAIBRAIB．③RSSB．RSSB、、1997291120150．3．71．2009“”3000200910201011V．5．2、．20091000201213．6．94002503300010．560．．、、6．4、7．．．4．1．．、．．4．2、、．．．．、、、．．4．3．、．．．．．．．、．391201284．4．、、．、、、．4．5．、．、、．5．．、．1DepartmentforTransport．ReviewofbusprofitabilityinEnglandR．27July20105-16．2TaskandFinishGroupoftheBusPartnershipForum．Busindustrygoodpracticeguideinstaffrecruitment＆retentionR．20106-21．3．J．2004l63-66．CHENSLMAOBHDINGY．BritishtransportationintegrationpoliciesandthecountermeasureinChinaJ．TransportationScience＆Technology2004l63-66．4InstituteforTransportStudieslEEDS．ConcessionaryfaresprojectmainreportR．LEEDSSeptember201015-23．5．M．201060-64．RoadTransportationDepartmentMinistryofTransportation．PublictransportationinmajormetropolisM．BeijingChinaCommunicationPress201060-64．6．M．200530-45．GermanTechniqueCompanyGTZ．SustainabledevelopmentfortransportationM．BeijingChinaCommunicationPress200530-45．7．J．201010664-69．XUYHFENGLG．SituationandstrategyplanningofpublictransitprioritydevelopmentJ．JournalofTrafficandTransportationEngineering201010664-69．491