Unit5BibleStories1.AnswerstoexercisesinUnit4Wordpretest:CCCBACABWordmatch(P.53)drizzledboilbakebrewedstapleflavordairystewedPrefix(P.54)disagreesmisunderstandsdisappearancemisleadingdisadvantagemisfortunediscouragemisinterpretedClose(P.55)seedsfoodsingredientscalledhandsincreaserisingallowedfinalovenSectionB(P.56)AD,CB,AD,CB2.RevisionofUnit4Words&phrasesdairyproducts,steamedcrab,regionalcuisine,aheartymeal,cannedfood,agriculturalproduce,asummerresort,therealflavorofAmericanfood,barbecuedfood,Sentences1.Whenwewerekids,atriptothebeachwasarealtreat.2.ThetraveleracrosstheU.S.willfindthefoodasworthyasofattentionasthescenery---andfullofunexpectedsurprises,too.4.Readingskill:UnderstandingSentences(P.63)1.Howtounderstandlongsentenceswithcomplexstructure?2.Unfamiliaruseoflanguage1)Figuresofspeech2)Idioms5.Lead-inQuestionsQuestion1.whatarethemostinfluentialreligionsintheworld?Christianity,Islam,Hinduism,Buddhism,Atheism,Taoism,Question2.HowmuchdoyouknowabouttheBible?Bible,alsocalledtheHolyBible,thesacredbookofJudaismandofChristianity.TheBibleisintwoparts,theOldTestament(旧约)andtheNewTestament(新约).OldTestamentTheOldTestament,theJewishBible,contains39booksoriginallywrittenmainlyinHebrew(希伯来文).Muchofit,suchaspoemsandstories,arethoughttohavebeenhandeddownbywordofmouthformanygenerations.Veryfewmanuscripts(手稿)aresaidtohavesurvivedthedestructionofJerusalem(耶路撒冷)inA.D.70.TheOldTestamentlaysthefoundationforthecomingoftheMessiah(救世主)whowouldsacrificeHimselfforthesinsofthewholeworld.NewTestamentTheNewTestamentrelatesthelifeandteachingsofJesus.TheNewTestamentisacollectionof27bookswithJesusasthecentralfigure.ItwasoriginallywritteninAncientGreek.Itfocusedespeciallyonthenewcovenant(契约)createdbetweenGodandthefollowersofJesus.ChristiantheologyAtsomepointinthepast,humanitydepartedfromGod'swillandbegantosin.Becausenooneisfreefromsin(原罪),peoplecannotdealwithGoddirectly,soGodrevealed(显灵)Himselfinwayspeoplecouldunderstand.GodcalledAbrahamandhisprogeny(后裔)tobethemeansforsavingallofhumanity.Tothisend,HegavetheLawtoMoses(摩西).ByHisdeathandresurrection(复活),allwhobelievearesavedandreconciledto(接受)God.基督教的主要教义(1)“三位一体”上帝说。上帝是独一无二、无所不能、创造有形和无形万物的神。由于他具有三个位格一圣父、圣子、圣灵,所以称他为“三位一体”的上帝。因圣父在天,称他为天父,被认为是至高无上、主宰一切的力量。他是“三位一体”中的第一位。圣子为耶稣基督,受圣父的派遣降临人间,以自已在十字架上的流血牺牲拯救世人的苦难。他是“三位一体”中的第二位。圣灵是上帝与人的中介,启迪人的智慧和信仰,使人弃恶从善。他是“三位一体”中的第三位。这三个位格不是各自独立的三个神,而是同一本体,三者组成上帝的统一整体。(2)上帝创世说。基督教认为,宇宙万物(包括人类)都是上帝创造的。《旧约·创世记》记载:上帝用5天时间创造出了自然界万物,第6天造人,第7天歇息。上帝创世说是基督教的核心。因为上帝创造一切,他才被说成是至高无上、全能全知、无所不在的唯一真神,是宇宙的最高主宰。(3)原罪说。基督教认为,人本性有罪。亚当和夏娃的罪一直传到他们所有的后代,成为人类苦难的根源,即整个人类的原始罪过。即便是刚出世即死去的婴儿,虽未犯何罪,但因其有与生俱来的原罪,仍是罪人。(4)救赎说。基督教认为,人类既然有了原罪,又无法自救,于是上帝派遣其独生子耶稣降世人间,为人类的罪代受死亡,流出鲜血,以赎人类的原罪。只有相信和依靠一个救世主耶稣为人类赎罪,人才能求得死后永生。(5)天堂地狱说。基督教认为,人世间充满了罪恶,将来基督从天降临、审判地上的活人和死人,信基督者将进入天国获永生,不信基督者将被抛入地狱受永罪。基督教会把天堂描绘成一个极乐世界。地狱则到处是不灭之火,蛇蝎遍地,可怕到了极点。天主教和东正教还在天堂与地狱之间设立了炼狱,认为有一定的罪,但不必下地狱者,就被暂时放在炼狱里受苦,等所有罪过炼净,补赎完了,方可进入天堂。(6)忍耐顺从说。基督教号召人们做到忍耐、顺从、听话,不反抗。《新约·马太福音》说,要爱你们的仇敌,不要与恶人作对,有人打你的右脸,连左脸也转过来由他打。有人拿你的内衣,连外衣也由他拿去。《新约·罗马人书》讲,要人们顺从掌权者,因为权是神给的。因此,抗拒掌权的就是抗拒神的命令,抗拒的必自取刑罚。《新约·彼得前书》又说,你们作仆人的,凡事要忍耐,顺从主人,不但要顺从那善良温和的,就是那厉害的也要顺从。(7)因信称义绝大多数华人所称的“基督教”常指“基督教新教”,新教强调因信称义。因信称义是德国神学家马丁·路德的神学思想核心。他认为,基督徒之所以是自由的,是因为他们“因信称义”,他们通过自己的信仰而与基督建立了新的个人关系。灵魂的得救不是教会的工作,是上帝把恩赐给了他的信仰者。因此,信徒不必依靠教会极其繁琐的宗教礼仪,只凭对上帝对的虔诚信仰就可以得到灵魂的拯救。AboutGenesisGenesiscontainssomeofthebest-knownbiblicalstories1)thecreationoftheworld;2)thedescentofthechildrenofIsraelintoEgypt;3)thedeathofJoseph;4)AdamandEve;5)Noah'sArk;6)theTowerofBabel,etc.ThemesofGenesisThefirstthemeinGenesisistorecordGod'screations.Itisaboutthebeginningortheorigin.ofhumansandtheworld.ThesecondthemeinGenesisisaboutthebeginningofsinandthebeginningofGod'splanforsalvation.The3rdthemeisaboutobedienceanddisobedience.Genesistellsusthatobedienceistheoppositeofsin(原罪).Thatisallittakestoavoidsin,obeyGod.ThedisobedientlikeAdamandEvewhodisobeyGodwerekickedoutofparadise.TheobedientlikeNoahandhisfamilysurvivedtheflood.6.WordpretestObstaclesinyourreadingP.1Hoverv.besuspendedintheairP.3expanseawideandopenspaceorareaasofsurfaceorlandorskyP.4putforth1.Togrow:Plantsputforthnewgrowthinthespring.2.Toofferforconsideration:putforthanidea.P.7bringforth1.Togiveriseto;produce:plantsbringingforthfruit.2.Togivebirthto(young).P.6swarmn.1.Alargenumberofinsectsorothersmallorganisms,especiallywheninmotion.2.Anaggregationofpersonsoranimals,especiallywheninturmoilormovinginmass:Aswarmoffriendscongratulatedhim.v.swarmed,swarm·ing,swarmsv.intr.1.Tomoveoremergeinaswarm.2.Tomoveorgatherinlargenumbers.v.tr.Tofillwithacrowd:sailorsswarmingtheship'sdeck.7.DiscussionAbettertitleforthepassage?SixdaysofcreationandSabbathHomework1.RevisionofUnit52.ExercisesinUnit5