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i目录目录...................................................................................................................................................i1SOLITUDE...............................................................................................................................11.1Poem.............................................................................................................................11.2MainTheme..................................................................................................................11.3Translation.....................................................................................................................21.4BiographyofEllaWheelerWilcox...............................................................................211SOLITUDE1.1PoemSolitudeEllaWheelerWilcoxLaugh,andtheworldlaughswithyou;Weep,andyouweepalone.Forthesadoldearthmustborrowit'smirth,Buthastroubleenoughofitsown.Sing,andthehillswillanswer;Sigh,itislostontheair.Theechoesboundtoajoyfulsound,Butshrinkfromvoicingcare.Rejoice,andmenwillseekyou;Grieve,andtheyturnandgo.Theywantfullmeasureofallyourpleasure,Buttheydonotneedyourwoe.Beglad,andyourfriendsaremany;Besad,andyoulosethemall.Therearenonetodeclineyournectaredwine,Butaloneyoumustdrinklife'sgall.Feast,andyourhallsarecrowded;Fast,andtheworldgoesby.Succeedandgive,andithelpsyoulive,Butnomancanhelpyoudie.ThereisroominthehallsofpleasureForalongandlordlytrain,ButonebyonewemustallfileonThroughthenarrowaislesofpain.1.2MainThemeThemainthemeisthecrueltyofhumanity.Whenyouareinajoyfulmood,peoplewanttokeepyourcompamysincetheywantashareofhappiness.Howeverifyouaresowncastandgloomy,peopletendtoavoidyouduetotheirdesiretoavoidpainandseekhappiness.Theworldislikeecho,whicherspondsandresoundstohappiness.Whenthereissadnessandmelancholy,'solitude'(asindicatedinthetitle)istheonlythingyouarewith.Onemessagethattheauthoristryingtopointoutisthat,wehavetobeself-reliant,thereare2thingsthatwehavetodoaloneandbearthepainsinenooneiswillingtoshoulderyourburden.Keepingourselvescheerfulisveryimportnatsinceyouaretheonlyonewhowillshedlightintoyourownlife.1.3Translation孤独译者：普敬欢笑世人同你笑，悲泣一人独饮泣。忧伤尘世寻快乐，落入无边之烦恼。欢唱时群山应和，叹息时风儿隐匿。快乐之声百般和，叹息之音自消弭。喜悦之时客满堂，悲痛之时皆离去。分享你满心快乐，拒绝你无尽悲哀。高兴时纷沓而至，伤悲时只身孤影。美酒人人争相饮，苦涩无人来共品。盛宴款待宾满座，喧嚣散尽成过客。成功惠施生存道，死亡独自去面对。快乐大厅宽无比，驶过豪华长列车。人人鱼贯争相入，穿过苦难狭天梯。1.4BiographyofEllaWheelerWilcox埃拉·惠勒·威尔科克斯（EllaWheelerWilcox，1850-1919）是十九世纪美国著名作家和诗人。对于中国读者来说，她的声名虽不如沃尔特·惠特曼（WalterWhitman）那般卓著，但却当之无愧成为她那个时代最受欢迎的诗人。她的诗平实质朴、清新自然、韵律精美、意境遂远，意想典雅而纤丽，被许多报刊杂志书籍争相刊登，也受到无数诗歌爱好者的喜爱，其中有13首作品被选入《最受喜爱美国诗歌选集》，而《孤独》则被读者评选为最难忘的诗3歌之一。诗的首句“Laugh,andtheworldlaughswithyou”广为流传，相信很多读者都有似曾相识的感觉；而尾部的高潮部分，则通过贴切的比喻散发出一种非凡的气度：人生磨难和快乐总是相随相伴，然而时光匆匆，真情永驻，只要保持一颗快乐的心，便是拥有了整个世界。读诗，是一种感悟，不同的人生阅历，读诗的心情和体会也都有不同。但好的诗篇，总能发人深省、动人心弦，《孤独》便是这样一首令人口齿噙香的佳作4