Herman-Melville-美国文学

HermanMelville1819---1891Nationality:AmericanOccupation:novelist,shortstorywriter,teacher,sailor,lecturer,poet,customsinspectorLifestory1819,borninNewYorkCityintoanestablishedmerchantfamily(3rdof8children).1832,fatherdied,bankruptandapparentlyinsane.1837,asacabinboyonamerchantshipforLiverpool.1839-41,shippedoutinonAcushnettotheAtlanticandtheSouthSeas.Helatersaid,“AwhaleshipwasmyHarvardandYale.Melville'sMajorWorksTypee(1846)《泰皮》Omoo(1847)《欧穆》Redburn(1849)《雷得本》Mardi(1849)《玛地》政治宗教寓言White-Jacket(1850)《白外衣》MobyDick(1851)《白鲸》Pierre(1852)《皮埃尔》BillyBudd《比利·巴德》(手稿1891,未完成；直到1924年才出版)GoingouttoseaHismarriageHisfriendshipwithHawthorneThreeimportantthingsinhislife:Sea-travelexperienceEarlylife---ceaselesstravelonsea.Firstnavalvoyagein1839toLiverpool.SailforyearsasawhalerandintheUSNavy.In1841,wenttotheSouthSeaonawhalingship,wherehegainedtheinformationaboutwhalingthathelaterusedinMoby-Dick.FriendshipwithHawthorneMeetingHawthorneinthesummerof1850,neibours.ConfidantwithwhomMelvilleoftendiscussedhiswork.InfluencedbyhisblackvisionRevisingMobyDickDedicatingMobyDicktoHawthorneFeaturesofworksEarlierWorks—drawinguponhisseaexperiences—blackandwhiteLaterWorks—ReconciliationbetweenmanandGod—livingbytherulesofthisworldWritingStyleRealistic＆SymbolicPhilosophical＆Intellectualnaturaldepictionsoflifeonthesea/basedonpersonalexperiences/interminglefact,fictionandsubtlesymbolism/explorephilosophicalandintellectualissuesthroughrealisticdescriptions(symbols)/tellarealisticstorywithintellectualundertones.Moby-Dickrealisticaccountofawhalingtheceaselessconflictsbetweengoodandevil.nature’sindifferencetoman.ThefirstAmericanproseepicMobyDick-Themes•symbolicwork￡naturalhistory.•obsession,religion,idealism,•pragmatism,revenge,racism,sanity,•hierarchicalrelationshipsandpolitics.Moby-DicksymbolismPequod:Aminiaturesociety/thewholeworldAnativeAmericantribe,memorializinganextinction,Asymbolofdoom,paintedagloomyblackandcoveredinwhaleteethandbones,mementosofviolentdeath,Amarkfordeath,aprimitivecoffin,Moby-DicksymbolismThevoyage:ItselfisametaphorforthesearchfortheultimatetruthofexperienceMoby-DicksymbolismMobyDick:Totheauthor,itsymbolsnature,itiscomplex,unfathomableanddangerous;TothecaptainAhab,itisevil,isawall.Tothenarrator,Ishmael,itisamystery.Asapartofthenaturalworld,itrepresentsthedestructionoftheenvironmentMoby-DicksymbolismStarbuck:theprimesymbolofgoodAhab:withanoverwhelmingobsessiontokillthewhale-evil,butwithabalefulfirebecomehimselfanevilinhisthirsttokillevil.Itswhiteness:aparadoxicalcolor,signifyingdeathandcorruption,purity,innocence,andyouth.10070710410段晓菲10070710432罗晓东10070710427萨其人贵10070710328李政10070710305敖峰霞10070710322张静10070110305姜元倩Thankyou!