六级汉译英试题训练

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六级汉译英试题训练汉译英试题训练请将下面这段话翻译成英文:思乡(homesickness)是中国人的一个永恒的话题。从古至今,无论男女,家是他们永久的港湾,思乡是他们不老的情结(complex)。正是这样的情结成为中国历代文人重要的创作题材,并以各种方式,从各种角度加以体现。是故乡,唤起了他们心灵深处最美好的回忆,在对故乡的思念中,他们又仿佛回到了那单纯无邪的童年时代,回到了母亲的怀抱,身心的创伤得到了暂时的平复,精神的空虚得到了刹那的充实,故乡成了他们终极的归宿地(ultimatedestination)。翻译及详解HomesicknessisaneternaltopicforChinesepeople.Sinceancienttimes,homehasbeenapermanentharborforbothmenandwomen,andhomesicknessistheirever-youngcomplex.ItissuchkindofcomplexthatbecomestheimportantthemeofChineseliteratiinalldynasties;theyexpressedthisthemeinvariouswaysandformvariousangles.Itishomethatarousesthebestmemoriesintheirhearts.Thankstothosememories,theyfeellikegoingbacktothepureandinnocentchildhoodandreturningtomothersarms.Thewoundsinbodyandmindwillgethealedtemporarilyandspiritualemptinesswillbeenrichedforawhile.Homehasbecometheirultimatedestination.翻译讲解1.思乡:可译为homesickness,其形容词形式为homesick。2.不老的情结:可译为ever-youngcomplex,其中“不老的”译为ever-young,意为“永远年轻的”。3.以各种方式,从各种角度加以体现:译文以人作主语,把句式从被动变为主动,并用分号将两个分句连在一起。文中翻译为thetheyexpressedthisthemeinvariouswaysandfromvariousangles。4.是故乡,唤起了…:此处可用Itis...that...的强调句形式。“唤起”译为arouse或bringout。5.回到了…回到了…:可分别译为gobackto和returnto,以避免重复,从而体现用词的多样性。6.身心的创伤得到了暂时的平复:可译为Thewoundsinbodyandmindwillgethealedtemporarily。其中“身心的创伤”译为thewoundsinbodyandmind,“得到平复”译为gethealed。汉译英试题训练低碳生活(low-carbonlife)对于我们普通人来说是一种态度,我们应该积极提倡并去实践,从自己做起,从节约水电这些点滴做起。除了植树,有的人买运输里程很短的商品,还有人坚持爬楼梯,形形色色,非常有趣。“低碳生活”的理念逐渐被世界各国所接受。低碳生活的出现不仅告诉人们可以为减碳做些什么,还告诉人们可以怎么做。在这种生活方式逐渐兴起的时候,大家开始关心自己每天是否为减碳做了什么。翻译及详解Low-carbonlifeisanattitudeforordinarypeople,andweshouldactivelyadvocateandpracticelow-carbonlifebydoingitfromourselvesandbystartingbitbybitfromsavingwaterandelectricity.Besidesplantingtrees,somepeoplepurchasegoodswithinashortdeliverydistanceandotherssticktoclimbingstairs.Peopledovariousthingstolivealow-carbonlife,whichisreallyinteresting.Low-carbonlifeconcepthasgraduallybeenacceptedworldwide.Theemergenceoflow-carbonlifestylenotonlyintroducestopeoplewhattheycandoforcarbonreduction,butalsotellsthemhowtheycandoit.Asthislifestylegraduallybecomespopular,peoplebegintoaskthemselveswhethertheyhavecontributedsomethingtocarbonreductioneveryday.翻译讲解1.从自己做起,从节约水电这些点滴做起:承接前一句翻译为bydoingitfromourselvesandbystartingbitbybitfromsavingwaterandelectricity,使得句子结构更紧凑,表意更清晰。2.坚持:文中译为stickto,也可译为insiston或persistin,后面接名词或者动名词。3.低碳生活的出现:可译为theemergenceoflow-carbonlifestyle.其中emergence意为“出现”。4.减碳:可译为carbonreduction.reduction意为“减少,下降”。尽管中国古代神话(mythology)没有十分完整的情节,神话人物也没有系统的家谱(genealogy),但它们却有着鲜明的东方文化特色,其中尤为显著的是它的尚德精神(thespiritofesteemingvirtue)。这种尚德精神在与西方神话特别是希腊神话比较时,显得更加突出。在西方神话尤其是希腊神话中,对神的褒贬标准多以智慧、力量为准则,而中国古代神话对神的褒贬则多以道德为准绳。这种思维方式深植于中国的文化之中。几千年来,这种尚德精神影响着人们对历史人物的品评与现实人物的期望。译文:AlthoughancientChinesemythologydoesnothaverelativelycompleteplotandmythologicalfiguresdon'thavesystematicgenealogy,theyhavedistinctfeaturesoforientalculture,amongwhichthespiritofesteemingvirtueisparticularlysignificant.WhencomparedwithWesternmythology,especiallyGreekmythology,thisspiritofesteemingvirtueisevenmoreprominent.InWesternmythology,especiallyGreekmythology,thecriteriaforjudgingwhetheragodisgoodornotaremostlythegod'swisdomandstrength,whileinancientChinesemythology,thecriterionliesinmorality.ThiswayofthinkingisdeeplyrootedinChineseculture.Forthousandsofyears,thisspiritofesteemingvirtuehasaffectedpeople'scommentsonhistoricalfiguresandexpectationsofrealpeople.敬茶礼仪当今社会,客来敬茶已经成为人们日常社交和家庭生活中普遍的往来礼仪。俗话说:酒满茶半。上茶时应以右手端茶,从客人的右方奉上,并时带微笑。当然,喝茶的客人也要以礼还礼,双手接过,点头致谢。品茶时,讲究小口品饮,其妙趣在于意会而不可言传。另外,可适当称赞主人茶好。总之,敬茶是国人礼仪中待客的一种日常礼节,也是社会交往的一项内容,不仅是对客人、朋友的尊重,也能体现自己的修养(self-cultivation)。翻译:Nowadays,offeringteatoguestshasbecomecommonetiquetteindailysocialinteractionandfamilylife.Asthesayinggoes,whitespirit,fullcup;tea,halfcup.Teacupshouldbeheldontherighthandandofferedtoguestswithasmilefromtheirrightside.Ofcourse,theguestsshouldpayrespectaswell,takingoverthecupwithbothhandsandnoddingtoexpresshisthanks.Whentastingtea,youshoulddrinkitinsmallsips,thebeautyandfunofwhichisbeyondwords.Inaddition,youcouldpraisetheteaoftheownerappropriately.Inshort,offeringteaisadailyritualofChinesepeoplewhenreceivingguestsanditisalsopartofsocialinteraction.Itcannotonlyshowrespecttoguestsandfriends,butalsoreflectyourself-cultivation.词汇详解:1.敬茶:可以理解为“献茶”,故译为offertea。2.俗话说:可译为asthesayinggoes,固定译法。3.酒满茶半:可译为whitespirit,fullcup;tea,halfcup。在中国的餐桌文化里,酒要倒满,而茶要倒半杯。4.以礼还礼:可译为payrespectaswell。5.讲究小口品饮:即drinkitinsmallsips。其中,sip作名词,意为“小口喝”;也可以作动词,例如Mikesippedhisdrinkquickly.(迈克快速地喝了一小口饮料。)词组takeasip表示“喝一小口,抿一口。”6.日常礼节:可译为dailyritual。7.对客人、朋友的尊重:可译为动词词组,即showrespecttoguestsandfriends。老龄化社会(anagingsociety)是指老年人口占总人口达到或超过一定的比例的人口结构模型。按照联合国的传统标准是一个地区60岁以上老人达到总人口的10%,新标准是65岁老人占总人口的7%,即该地区视为进入老龄化社会。老龄化的加速对经济社会都将产生巨大的压力。2009年10月26日,中国传统节日重阳节(theDoubleNinthFestival)到来之际,中国正式启动了一项应对人口老龄化战略研究,以积极应对持续加剧的人口老龄化危机。【参考译文】Anagingsocietyreferstoapopulationstructuremodelinwhichagingpopulationreachesorexceedsacertainproportion.TheregionisregardedasenteringanagingsocietyaccordingtotheUN’straditionalstandardthatanarea’soldpeopleover60yearsoldtakesup10%ofthetotalpopulation,whilethenewstandardisold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