should-the-press-be-human媒体要不要人性

2016.5.1ShouldthePressbeHuman?Doesthisphotoringabell?Time:March1993Place:SudanEvent: taking pictureofanemaciated(消瘦的）childwithavulturebehindKevinCarterHewasaprominentSouthAfricanphotojournalist.In1993,hestarteddocumentingtherebelmovementinSudan.HewastherecipientofaPulitzerprizeforhisphotographdepictingthe1993famineinSudan.Hecommittedsuicideattheageof33.✤Carter’spicturesparkedawidereactionalmostovernightsoonafterhesentittotheNewYorkTimes.SincetheimagewasveryengaginganditperfectlyillustratedtheeffectsofthefamineinSudan,thephotowonthePulitzerPrizeinFeaturePhotographyin1993,aswellastheawardfortheAmericanMagazinePictureoftheYear.However,hecameunderheavycriticismforjustphotographingandnothelpingthechild.Somenon-Americanjournalistscalledhisphotographa“fluke”.Themanadjustinghislenstotakejusttherightframeofhersuffering,mightjustaswellbeapredator,anothervultureonthescene.--TheSt.PetersburgTimesinFloridaInhisfamouspictureofthevulturestalkingtheSudanesegirl,Ibegantoseetheembodimentofhistroubledpsyche.”--FilmmakerDanKrauss“Therewere,ideally,lotsofotherpeopletogiveaid,medicines,care,butnobodyisgoingtoreplacetheroleofthejournalist.Themilitary,theaidworkers,theRedCross--noonefilledtheroleKevinCarterdid.Hewastheonewhogotthemessageouttotherestoftheworld.”–BobSteeleDespitethewidespreadcriticism,severaljournalistspraisedCarter.BobSteele,thedirectoroftheethicsprogramatthePoynterInstituteforMediaStudies,explainedtheimportanceofphotojournalists:TwomonthsafterreceivinghisPulitzer,KevinCarter,attheyoungageof33,committedsuicideinhispickuptruck,deadofcarbon-monoxidepoisoning.Lastwordsasfollows:“I’mreally,reallysorryIdidn’tpickthechildup.”Thepainoflifeoverridesthejoytothepointthatjoydoesnotexist.ShouldthePressbeHuman?KatharineWhitehornBritishwriterofmiscellaneous(各式各样的)non-fictionandessaysColumnistofTheObserver,London;StaffwriterofPicturePostandWomen’sOwn;MemberofeditorialstaffofSpectator,LondonAuthor’sQuestionShouldthePressbeHuman?Keyconcepts1.“press”herereferstojournalist2.“human”herereferstohumanityShouldthejournalistsmaintainhumanity?Sheobservestheincongruityinaprofessionalsuchasajournalistwhens/heisfacedwithadilemmaofchoosingwhethertoconformtohisorherprofessionalcodesortobehavelikeahumanbeingstaggering /ˈstæɡərɪŋ/ 
ADJSomethingthatisstaggeringisverysurprising.令⼈人震惊的例：
...astaggering$900millioninshort-andlong-termdebt.…令⼈人震惊的9亿美元的短⻓长期债务。atrocity /əˈtrɒsɪtɪ/ CET6+TEM8(atrocities)
N-VARAnatrocityisaverycruel,shockingaction.暴⾏行例：
Thekillingwascold-blooded,andthosewhocommittedthisatrocityshouldbetriedandpunished.这场杀戮⾮非常残酷，那些犯下此暴⾏行的⼈人应该受到审判和惩罚。weighˈin[intransitive][presenttenseI/you/we/theyweighinhe/she/itweighsinpresentparticipleweighinginpasttenseweighedinpastparticipleweighedin]phrasalverb  1.tohaveyourweightcheckedbeforeyoutakepartinasportsuchasboxingorhorseracing      weighinat:Bowenweighedinat241pounds.      Thesaurus:horseracingandotherhorseridingcompetitionshyponymboxingandwrestlinghyponym  2.tobecomeinvolvedinsomething      weighinwith:Ijustwantedtoweighinwithsomecomments.      Thesaurus:totakepart,ortobecomeinvolvedsynonym      Main entry:weighWords&Expressionenjoin /ɪnˈdʒɔɪn/(enjoining,enjoined,enjoins)1.
V-TIfyouenjoinsomeonetodosomething,youorderthemtodoit.Ifyouenjoinanactionorattitude,youorderpeopletodoitorhaveit.命令;规定[正式]例：
Sheenjoinedmestrictlynottotellanyoneelse.她严令我不要告诉其他任何⼈人。
例：
Islamenjoinstolerance.伊斯兰教告诫⼈人们要宽容。
2.
V-TIfajudgeenjoinssomeonefromdoingsomething,theyorderthemnottodoit.Ifajudgeenjoinsanaction,theyorderpeoplenottodoit.(法官判令)禁⽌止[美国英语][正式]例：
ThejudgeenjoinedVarityperfromusingtheadinanyway.法官判令禁⽌止了Varityper公司以任何⽅方式使⽤用这则⼲⼴广告。
例：
...apreliminaryinjunctionenjoiningthepractice....禁⽌止该做法的初步禁令。1.V-IIfsomethingmakesyourecoil,youmoveyourbodyquicklyawayfromitbecauseitfrightens,offends,orhurtsyou.躲闪;畏缩例：
ForamomentIthoughthewasgoingtokissme.Irecoiledinhorror.⼀一时间我认为他要吻我。我惊恐地躲开了。
2.
N-UNCOUNTRecoilisalsoanoun.躲闪;畏缩例：
...hissmallbodyjerkinginrecoilfromthevolumeofhisshouting.…他⼩小⼩小⾝身体在他⼤大声的叫喊中畏缩地抽搐着。
3.
V-IIfyourecoilfromdoingsomethingorrecoilattheideaofsomething,yourefusetodoitoracceptitbecauseyoudislikeitsomuch.(因厌恶⽽而)拒绝例：
Peopleusedtorecoilfromtheideaofgettingintodebt.⼈人们过去⼀一想到要负债就会因厌恶⽽而拒绝。recoil  (recoiling,recoiled,recoils)plunge /plʌndʒ/ CET4(plunging,plunged,plunges)11.
V-IIfsomethingorsomeoneplungesinaparticulardirection,especiallyintowater,theyfall,rush,orthrowthemselvesinthatdirection.纵⾝身跳向;猛冲向2例：
Atleast50peoplediedwhenabusplungedintoariver.3⼀一辆公共汽⻋车冲进了河⾥里，⾄至少有50⼈人死亡。
42.
N-COUNTPlungeisalsoanoun.投⼊入(⽔水中);俯冲5例：
...aplungeintocoldwater.6…向着冰冷的⽔水中的纵⾝身⼀一跳。
73.
V-TIfyouplungeanobjectintosomething,youpushitquicklyorviolentlyintoit.(猛地)将…推⼊入8例：
Asoldierplungedabayonetintohisbody.9⼀一名⼠士兵猛地将刺⼑刀刺⼊入了他的⾝身体。
例：
Sheplungedherfaceintoabowlofcoldwater.10她猛地把脸浸⼊入⼀一盆冷⽔水中。4.V-T/V-IIfapersonorthingisplungedintoaparticularstateorsituation,oriftheyplungeintoit,theyaresuddenlyinthatstateorsituation.使突然陷⼊入;突然陷⼊入例：Thegovernment'spoliticalandeconomicreformsthreatentoplungethecountryintochaos.该政府的政治和经济改⾰革有可能使这个国家陷⼊入混乱之中。例：Eddyfoundhim