宾馆火灾自动报警系统的设计

高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文论文题目：火灾自动报警系统设计专业：机电一体化工程准考证号：010106650123姓名：尹二猛联系电话：[phone]所在院校安徽工业经济职业技术学院二○○八年六月一日摘要宾馆火灾自动报警系统是随时警惕火灾、及时报警和输出联动灭火信号的忠实哨兵。该系统的设计主要涵盖以下六个方面：传感器的选型、单片机的选取、接口芯片的选取、报警装置的设计、电源的设计以及联动消防装置的设计。火灾自动报警系统通过一定的方式向火灾报警控制器发出火灾报警信号，火灾报警控制器收到报警信号后，立即发出声光报警，并打开消防联动装置。本设计的检测装置由离子感烟传感器UD-02和与之配套的专用集成电路DQ-295等组成，通过对现场的火灾参数采集，模/数转换，地址编码，然后传送给单片机，由单片机进行相应的运算处理，判断现场是否发生火灾。这种信号处理方式将单片机用于火灾模式判别，可以根据火灾发生时，火灾参数的发展变化规律来识别真假火灾，不同于传统单一的定值判别方式，有利于提高火灾判别的准确性。关键词：火灾自动报警系统；监测；控制；消防联动ABSTRACTFireAuto-alarmsystemofhotelisusedtomonitorthefireintheroomcontinuously,thenreportthecorrespondinginformationtothepublicaswellascontrolthefirepreventionaldevice.Itcontainssixaspectedcontentsmainly,thataresensors,asingleChipMircroComputer,theI/OintegratedConnectionchip,theAuto-alarmdevice,thedesignofthePowersourceandthelinkagedfirepreventionaldevice.FireAuto-alarmsystemofhotelsendsoutthecorrelatedsignaltothesingleChipMircroComputerinsomeway,thenthesingleChipMircroComputerwilldrivetheAcousto-opticsalarmdeviceandthelinkagedfirepreventionaldeviceafterreceivethesignal.InthisPaper,themointordeveiceismadeofIonfeelingsmokesensorwiththemodelofUD-02anditscorrespondingintegratedconnectionchipwiththemodelofDQ-295.ItwillgatherallthefireParameter,thenProcessthedatainA/Dconverterinordertojudgewhethertheremaybeafireornot,thecoreunitofthisProcessingwayofsignalisasingleChipMircroComputer,ithastheabilitytoidentificatethetrueorfalsefireaccordingtotheprocesseddate.Itisveryadvantagetoinhancetheaccuratedegreeofthefire.Keywords:FireAuto-alarmsystem；monitor；control；linkagedfirepreventionaldevice目录1绪论.......................................................................................................61.1本论文的研究背景.............................................................................61.2现有火灾自动报警系统比较...............................................................71.2.1传统火灾探测技术.....................................................................71.2.2智能火灾探测技术.....................................................................81.3火灾自动报警系统的发展与现状.........................................................91.4本课题研究的主要任务及意义..........................................................101.5本论文的设计要求...........................................................................112系统原理及总体方案设计.................................................................122.1系统原理.........................................................................................122.2系统设计.........................................................................................122.2.1系统各模块的设计...................................................................122.2.2系统总构架的设计...................................................................133系统硬件设计.....................................................................................153.1硬件组成.........................................................................................153.2烟雾信号采集模块...........................................................................153.2.1离子感烟传感器工作原理.........................................................163.2.2UD—02型离子感烟传感器.......................................................193.2.3离子感烟传感器专用集成电路DQ-295.......................................213.2.4离子感烟火灾报警器应用电路..................................................233.3单片机控制中心...............................................................................243.3.1时钟电路和工作方式................................................................243.3.2中断系统.................................................................................253.4声光报警模块..................................................................................283.4.1声音报警电路..........................................................................283.4.2LED显示器...............................................................................293.5接口芯片8243................................................................................303.6电源系统设计..................................................................................323.7消防联动装置..................................................................................334系统软件设计.....................................................................................354.1主程序设计......................................................................................354.2读数子程序......................................................................................364.3核对子程序......................................................................................364.4查找报警点子程序...........................................................................374.5显示及报警子程序...........................................................................394.6联动消防.........................................................................................404.7延时子程序......................................................................................405总结与展望.........................................................................................415.1总结.............................................................................