William-Wordsworth华兹华斯

Born:April7,1770Cookermouth,Cumberland,EnglandDied:April23,1850RydalMount,Westmorland,EnglandAmajorEnglishRomanticpoetAsoneofthegreatestlyricpoetsinthehistoryofEnglishliterature.WilliamWordsworth(1770-1850)William'shomelifeInJuneofthatyear,Catherine,hisfourthchild,diedofconvulsions（痉挛）atage3;inDecember,thethirdchild,Thomas,diedofpneumonia（肺炎）Maryherselfcameclosetodyingfromgrief,andDorothywaslittlebetter.WilliamwroteaverytouchingsonnetonCatherine'sdeathsomeyearslater,called“SurprisedbyJoy”.HisfatherJohnwasestateagenttoSirJamesLowther,whoownedthehouse(WordsworthHousehouse(WordsworthHouse).WilliamhasanelderbrotherRichard,ayoungersisterDorothyandtwoyoungerbrothersJohnandChristopher.1770-1779HischildhoodwasspentlargelyinCockermouthandPenrith,hismother'shometown.WilliamandDorothyandhisfuturewifeMaryHutchinsonattendedinfantschoolinPenrithbetween1776and1777.William'smotherdiedinPenrithwhenhewas8.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewas13,andisburiedinthechurchyardofAllSaintsCockermouth.AllSaintschurchroomsisonthesiteoftheCockermouthschoolthatWilliamattendedasaboy.(1779-1787)WilliamattendedtheGrammarSchoolinHawkshead.Gotencouragementfromtheheadmasterandthenreadandwritepoetry.Duringtheseyearshemademanyvisitstothecountryside,gaininginspirationasthepowersofnatureexercisedtheirinfluence.1779-1787Churchandoldgrammarschooljustleftofcentre.The17thCenturyChurchofStMichael&AllAngelsChurchandoldgrammarschooljustleftofcentre.In1795,theWordsworthsstayedinacottageinDorset,wheretheymetSamuelTaylorColeridgeandRobertSouthey.DevelopedrelationshipbetweenWilliam,DorothyandColeridge.WilliamandColeridgethenundertookatouroftheLakeDistrict,startingatTempleSowerby,andfinishingatWasdaleHead,viaGrasmere.AtGrasmeretheysawDoveCottage,thenanemptyInncalledtheDoveandOliveBranch.1799-1808InDecember1799,WilliamandDorothymovedintoDoveCottage,inGrasmere.DorothywasWilliam'ssecretary,asWilliamdictatedhispoetry.In1802WilliammarriedhischildhoodcompanionMaryHutchinson,andthefirstthreeoftheirfivechildrenwereborn.SamuelTaylorColeridgeandRobertSoutheymovedintoGretaHallinKeswick.Southey,whowaspoetlaureatefrom1813-1843,livedthereforfortyyears.DoveCottage1808-1811ThomasdeQuinceywasapermanentguestatDoveCottage.In1808,asitbecameinadequate,theymovedtoAllanBankinGrasmere,alargehousethatWilliamhadcondemnedasaneyesorewhenitwasbeingbuilt.1811-1813TheylivedatAllanBankfortwoyears,withpoetandfriendColeridge.TheythenmovedtotheOldRectory,oppositeStOswald'sChurch,acoldanddamphouse,wherehistwoyoungestchildrendied.1813-1850In1813theymovedtoRydalMount,whereWilliamandMarystayeduntiltheirdeathsin1850and1859.Whilelivinghere,WilliamboughttheRashfield,nexttoStMary'sChurch,originallytobuildahouse.Thehousenevermaterialised.ItisnowcalledDora'sField,andhasasplendiddisplayofdaffodils.WhilstatRydalMount,WilliambecameDistributorofStampsforWestmorland,andhadanofficeinChurchSt,Ambleside.In1820hepublishedhis'GuidethroughtheDistrictoftheLakes'.In1842hebecamethePoetLaureate,andresignedhisofficeasStampDistributor.HehelpedtochoosethesiteofStMary'sChurch,builtjustbelowRydalMount,andwherehewaschurchwardenfrom1833to1834.In1850Williamcaughtacold,andhediedon23April,StGeorge'sday,80yearsold.HeandMarywhodied9yearslaterhaveasimpletombstoneinthechurchyardofStOswald'sChurchinGrasmere,nowoneofthemostvisitedliteraryshrinesintheworld.OppositeWordsworthHouseinCockermouthisamemorialtoWilliamWordsworthunveiledon7April1970,thebicentenaryofhisbirth.WilliamWordsworthFamousQuotesLyricalBalladsGravestoneofWilliamWordsworthBeholdher,singleinthefield,YonsolitaryHighlandLass!Reapingandsingingbyherself;Stophere,orgentlypass!Aloneshecutsandbindsthegrain,Andsingsamelancholystrain;Olisten!ForthevaleprofoundIsoverflowingwiththesound.NonightingaledideverchauntMorewelcomenotestowearybandsOftravelersinsomeshadyhaunt,AmongArabiansands:Avoicesothrillingne’erwasheardInspring-timefromthecuckoo-bird,BreakingthesilenceoftheseasAmongthefarthestHebrides.TheSolitaryReaperWillnoonetellmewhatshesings?PerhapstheplaintivenumbersflowForold,unhappy,far-offthings,Andbattleslongago:Orisitsomemorehumblelay,Familiarmatterofto-day?Somenaturalsorrow,lossorpain,Thathasbeen,andmaybeagain?Whate’erthetheme,themaidensangAsifhersongcouldhavenoending;Isawhersingingatherwork,Ando’erthesicklebending;Ilisten’d,motionlessandstill;And,asImountedupthehill,ThemusicinmyheartIbore,Longafteritwasheardnomore.见她独自在田里，原为高地之少女！独自一人收且歌；伫足抑或轻身过！单独割谷捆成把，歌声伴着忧伤散；倾听那边深谷中，盈盈飘来歌曲声。夜莺不曾唱此曲，迎接队队倦商旅。旅人停息阴凉处，正在中午沙漠地：音之美妙未曾闻，恰如春之杜鹃呤。打破海洋之沉寂，直通赫伯里底斯。何人能述他所唱？隐隐其间有忧伤，缘起远昔不平事，还是陈年之战纪：或为点点更凡事，抑或今日事熟知？即景生之愁已然有之或重奏？少女所唱之主题，抑抑扬扬无终极；她在劳作且歌唱，犹见持镰弯腰样；我已静心聆听过；时值我把山爬越，音律在我心中存，此后长时不曾闻。伤痛，孤独的收割者.IwanderedlonelyasacloudThatfloatsonhigho''ervalesandhills,WhenallatonceIsawacrowd,Ahost,ofgoldendaffodils,Besidethelake,beneaththetrees,Flutteringanddancinginthebreeze.ContinuousasthestarsthatshineAndtwinkleonthemilkyway,Theystretch''dinnever-endinglineAlongthemarginofabay:TenthousandsawIataglanceTossingtheirheadsinsprightlydance.IwanderedlonelyasacloudThewavesbesidethemdanced,buttheyO