2013年广东省普通高中学业水平考试化学试题-解答

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地形平坦开阔,地层由第四系全新冲积层,第四系上更新统冲层组成,局部表覆第四系全新统人工堆积层。第四系全新统冲积层厚度约25~50m,岩性主要为黏土、粉质黏土、粉土、粉砂、细砂;第四系上更新统冲积层厚度大于50m,岩性主要为黏性土、粉土、粉细砂等。管桩深度范围内地层主要为:粉土、黏土、粉质黏土,局部表层为杂填土。couplingCentreshallbechecked,thesecondpouredconcretestrengthofmorethan70%.Intheprocessofreamingorboring,apartfromthespecialprovisionsinfactory,doesnotallowanyworkthatmayaffectthecouplingCentre,suchasirrigation,tocylinderconnectionstofloodthecondenserpipesandsoon.Wellboring,hingeboltholeflangewithcouplingofvertical,notoblique.Mountingboltsshouldbeaddedlubricants,typinggentlywithasmallhammer,nottoolooseortootight,packedtheboltswiththecorrespondingsealscrewholeshouldbemarked.6.4.5.4.2couplingreamedandpairingsisclosetothediameterofboltbearinggoodhingeholes,dressedwithagoodtwocouplingboltsbeforeyoucanmovetherotor,boring-reamingholeinturn.Couplingboltsmustbetightcouplingissymmetricaldiameter,inboring,reaming,twoboltsout.Wellboring,hingeboltholeflangewithcouplingofvertical,notoblique.Duetothecouplingboltsinaccordancewithhingeholescorrespondingtothediameterofthescrewholesonebyoneafterprocessing,processingbackboltinstallationlocationcannotbechanged,soaccordingtoboltaftertheactualweightdifferenceofnutandlockwashertomatch.Generalrequirementsforcouplingtwosymmetricaldiameterbolt,nutandlockwasher'stotalweightdifferenceshouldnotbegreaterthan10gandknocksstampedmark.(SeeFigure18)Thecouplingboltsapplylubricant,andthengentlywithcopperhome,nottoolooseortootight.BoltAssemblyisfinished,symmetricaltighteningallboltsto30%,50%,70%,100%force,andcheckthecouplingflutterandbeforeconnectingthecirclegraduallychangesitsvalueshouldbelessthan0.02mm.Tighteningtorqueofthecouplingboltsshallcomplywiththetechnicalrequirementsmanufacturersdrawings,withadynamometricwrenchorlogtensiontools.Threewheelrotorswingtestcouplingconnectionsshouldbechecked:takingleave,2013年6月广东省普通高中学业水平考试化学试题解答本试卷共8页,65题,满分100分。考试用时90分钟。注意事项:1、答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2、每题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案,答案不能答在试卷上。3、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。可能用到的相对原子质量:H1,C12,N14,O16,C135.5,Ca40,Fe56一、单项选择题Ⅰ:本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分。在每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一项最符合题意。01、下列词语隐含化学变化的是(A)冰雪消融(B)木已成舟(C)蜡炬成灰(D)水落石出02、下列物质中,属于纯净物的是(A)白酒(B)陈醋(C)食用调和油(D)蔗糖03、3H在月球上储量丰富,4H主要来源于宇宙射线的初级粒子。下列关于3H和4H的说法正确的是(A)两者互为同位素(B)两者互为同素异形体(C)两者为同一种核素(D)两者具有相同的中子数04、硅是无机非金属材料的主角,其元素符号是(A)S(B)Si(C)B(D)Be05、乙烯产量是衡量一个国家石油化工发展水平的标志。下列关于乙烯说法正确的是(A)与乙烷互为同分异构体(B)分子中存在C≡C(C)能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色(D)分子中存在C=O06、关于合金说法正确的是(A)合金为化合物(B)合金具有金属特性(C)合金都耐腐蚀(D)合金的硬度一定比成分金属的低07、漂白粉可由Cl2通入消石灰中制备。漂白粉的有效成分是地形平坦开阔,地层由第四系全新冲积层,第四系上更新统冲层组成,局部表覆第四系全新统人工堆积层。第四系全新统冲积层厚度约25~50m,岩性主要为黏土、粉质黏土、粉土、粉砂、细砂;第四系上更新统冲积层厚度大于50m,岩性主要为黏性土、粉土、粉细砂等。管桩深度范围内地层主要为:粉土、黏土、粉质黏土,局部表层为杂填土。couplingCentreshallbechecked,thesecondpouredconcretestrengthofmorethan70%.Intheprocessofreamingorboring,apartfromthespecialprovisionsinfactory,doesnotallowanyworkthatmayaffectthecouplingCentre,suchasirrigation,tocylinderconnectionstofloodthecondenserpipesandsoon.Wellboring,hingeboltholeflangewithcouplingofvertical,notoblique.Mountingboltsshouldbeaddedlubricants,typinggentlywithasmallhammer,nottoolooseortootight,packedtheboltswiththecorrespondingsealscrewholeshouldbemarked.6.4.5.4.2couplingreamedandpairingsisclosetothediameterofboltbearinggoodhingeholes,dressedwithagoodtwocouplingboltsbeforeyoucanmovetherotor,boring-reamingholeinturn.Couplingboltsmustbetightcouplingissymmetricaldiameter,inboring,reaming,twoboltsout.Wellboring,hingeboltholeflangewithcouplingofvertical,notoblique.Duetothecouplingboltsinaccordancewithhingeholescorrespondingtothediameterofthescrewholesonebyoneafterprocessing,processingbackboltinstallationlocationcannotbechanged,soaccordingtoboltaftertheactualweightdifferenceofnutandlockwashertomatch.Generalrequirementsforcouplingtwosymmetricaldiameterbolt,nutandlockwasher'stotalweightdifferenceshouldnotbegreaterthan10gandknocksstampedmark.(SeeFigure18)Thecouplingboltsapplylubricant,andthengentlywithcopperhome,nottoolooseortootight.BoltAssemblyisfinished,symmetricaltighteningallboltsto30%,50%,70%,100%force,andcheckthecouplingflutterandbeforeconnectingthecirclegraduallychangesitsvalueshouldbelessthan0.02mm.Tighteningtorqueofthecouplingboltsshallcomplywiththetechnicalrequirementsmanufacturersdrawings,withadynamometricwrenchorlogtensiontools.Threewheelrotorswingtestcouplingconnectionsshouldbechecked:takingleave,2(A)Ca(OH)2(B)CaCl2(C)Ca(ClO)2(D)CaCO308、原子结构示意图为的元素是(A)Li(B)Na(C)Al(D)K09、分类是学习和研究化学的一种重要方法,下列分类合理的是(A)K2CO3和K2O都属于盐(B)H2SO4和HNO3都属于酸(C)KOH和Na2CO3都属于碱(D)Na2O和Na2SiO3都属于氧化物10、下列气体可用固体NaOH干燥的是(A)CO2(B)H2(C)SO2(D)NO211、加热蒸发NaCl溶液的过程中,下列物理量保持不变的是(A)NaCl溶液的体积(B)NaCl的质量分数(C)NaCl的物质的量(D)NaCl的物质的量浓度12、下列常见的物质分离和提纯操作中,将液体蒸发为气体再冷凝为液体的操作是(A)结晶(B)萃取(C)蒸馏(D)13、20℃时,NaCl溶解于水的实验数据如下表所示实验序号水的质量/g加入的NaCl质量/g未溶的NaCl质量/g①1020②1030③1040.4下列叙述正确的是(A)实验①所得的溶液为饱和溶液(B)实验②所得的溶液为饱和溶液(C)20℃时NaCl的溶解度为30g(D)实验①所得溶液的溶质质量分数为16.7%解:3.6gS100g36g10g,2g100%16.7%2g10g14、物质的量的单位是(A)mol(B)1gmol(C)1molL(D)11molLs15、某矿泉水标签上的部分内容为,钙≥4.01mgL,钾≥0.351mgL,镁≥0.51mgL,钠≥0.8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