5English-letter-writing汇总

LetterWriting•Lettersareoneofthemeans,bywhichpeoplekeepintouchwitheachother.Intermsofstyles,lettersareusuallydividedintoformalandinformalones.•Formallettersareusuallybusinesslettersorletterswrittentoastrangeroranimportantpersonwhomyoudonotknowverywell.•Informallettersarethosewrittentofriendsandacquaintancesasasortofwrittenconversation.•Thereforetheyaresometimescalled“friendlyletters”or“personalletters”.Inordertowriteacceptableletters,youmustusethestandardsofcorrectEnglish—correctgrammar,organization,style,spelling,punctuation,etc.StructureofanEnglishLetterI.Layout•Theword“layout”referstothegeneralarrangement,whichincludestheplacementofthevariouspartsoftheletter,butalsotheuseofmarginsandparagraphing(分段，提行).•Thegenerallayoutofalllettersisasfollows:Eightparts:•Heading信头•Insideaddress信内地址•Salutation称呼•Bodyoftheletter正文•Concludingcomment结语•Complimentaryclose结束敬语•Signature签名•Enclosure附件II.Thepartsofaletter1.Theheading(returnaddressanddate)•Theheadingincludesthenameandaddressofthesenderandthedate,whichappearsinthetopright-handcorneroftheletter.Formalletterswhichuseprintedstationerywillhavethe“letterhead”ofthecompany,includingitsnameandaddress,placedatthetopoftheletter.•Ifthereturnaddressisnotincludedintheprintedletterhead,itshouldbewritteninthetopright-handcorner.Thedateshouldbewrittenonitsownlineunderthereturnaddress.•第5页左下端照片：thephotoattheleft-handbottomofpage5InBritishEnglishthe“indentedstyle”maystillbeseen,butthe“blockstyle”isnowcommonlyusedinboththeU.K.andNorthAmerica.INDENTEDSTYLEBLOCKSTYLE(U.K.)BLOCKSTYLE(N.Am)121KingsRd.,121KingsRd.,121KingsRd.Reading,Reading,Reading,PA06332Berks.RG13EF,Berks.RG13EF,U.S.A.England.England.March4,19894thMarch,19894thMarch,1989Notes:1.Abbreviationsareusedintheheadingofinformalletters,butwordsarenormallyspelledoutcompletelyinformalAmericanletters.2.Theorderoftheaddressisasfollows(eachonaseparateline):(Roomnumber,Buildingname)HousenumberandStreetnameTown/city,Area/state/province,Postalcode,Country(inshortorabbreviatedform)Examples:Room157,Dormitory29PekingUniversityBeijing100871P.R.ChinaMarch4,1989•Room201,NobleTower•2ParkAve.•NewYork,NY10043•USA•March4,19891.Thecountrynameisincludedonlyiftheletterisgoingtoaforeigncountry.Ifthecountrynameislong,itmaygoonaseparateline.2.InCanadaandtheU.S.A.thereareofficial2-letterpostalabbreviationsforeachprovinceandstate.Theselettersarealwayscapitals,andareusedinformalbusinessletters.3.Eachcountryhasitsownsystemofpostalcodes.Thecodeiswrittenimmediatelyafterthelastplacenameintheaddresswithoutanypunctuationbeforeit.Forforeignaddresses,thecodecomesjustbeforethecountrynameandisfollowedbyacomma.(InAmericathepostalcodeiscalledZIPcode.)•Examples:•LondonW1V3HPLondonW1V3HP,England•Surrey,BCV3W6A4Surrey,BCV3W6A4,Canada•Denver,CO80001Denver,CO80001,U.S.A.1.PunctuationdiffersbetweenBritishandAmericanusage.InBritainthereisacommaaftereachlineandaperiod(fullstop)afterthelastoneintheaddress(butnotafterthedate).InAmericathereisnospecialpunctuationattheendofanylineoftheheading.•BC=BritishColumbia不列颠哥伦比亚省•Thefollowingareabbreviations(≠acronyms)usedinaddresses.Allmustbeginwithacapitalletterandendwithaperiod.Notethat“drive”,“lane”andothershorterwordsmaynotnormallybeabbreviatedinBritainbutoftenareinAmerica.•street=St.square=Sq.road=Rd.drive=Dr.highway=Hwy.•avenue=Ave.lane=Ln.place=Pl.•boulevard=Blvd.circle=Cir.boulevard:林荫大道，（美）大马路BoulevardAve.StreetRoadLaneacronym:首字母缩略词•Acommaalwayscomesbetweenthedateandtheyear.•Onlycertainmonthscanbeabbreviated,andinonlytheofficialway:Jan.,Feb.,Aug.,Sept.,Oct.,Nov.,Dec.,(SometimesMar.andApr.maybeused,butthe“rule”istoabbreviateonlythenamesofthemonthsthatcontainmorethan5letters.)2.Insideaddress~includesthenameandaddressoftheaddressee.•PersonnelDirector(职务）•BootstheChemistLtd.•16-18PultonRoad•Chiswick•U.K.•OfficeofAdmissions(机构）•FordhamUniversity•RoseHillCampus•Bronx,NewYork10456•U.S.A.3.TheSalutation•Correct:DearJohn/DearMr.Smith•Wrong:DearMr.JohnDearMr.JohnSmith[DonotgreetwithDear+fullname]•DearSirs,•DearGentlemen,•DearProf.Smith,•DearDr.Smith,•Messrs.J.Smith&R.White•(Messrs.=Messieurs)4.BodyoftheLetter•Beginwithacommentabouttheaddresseeandperhapsaboutyourself.Donotbeginwith“Hello,”sincethisisusedonlyasaspokengreeting.Westernersdonotnormallyinquireaboutthehealthoftheaddressee’sfamily,norevenaboutthehealthoftheaddresseeunlessthepersonhasbeenill.Thus,donotbeginwith“Howareyou?”5.Concludingcomment结语•Thanksagainforwritingabout…•Ihopeyou’llbefeelingbettersoon.•Pleasegivemylove/bestwishesto…•Takecareofyourself.•I’mprayingforyoursoonrecovery.•Imissyoualot.•Withbestregard,（祝好）•Withkindregardtoyourwife,•Pleaseconveymybestregardtoyourfather,6.TheComplimentaryClosing(结束敬语）•I.Yours,•Yoursever,•Love,•II.Yourssincerely,•Yoursfaithfully,•Yourstruly,•III.Yoursrespectfully,•Veryrespectfullyyours,•InAmericaInBritainSincerelyyours,Yourssincerely,Yourstruly,Yoursfaithfully,Sincerely,Yoursverysincerely,7.TheSignature•I.love,•JessieSherry•II.Sincerely,•MichaelMoore•(ManagingDirector)•III.Yoursfaithfully,•_______________•(Ms.)WangPei•(SalesManager