婴幼儿急性胃肠炎PPT31课件

婴幼儿急性胃肠炎主讲人：刘君Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.婴幼儿急性胃肠炎的认识一、什么是婴幼儿急性胃肠炎？二、婴幼儿急性胃肠炎的分类及病程介绍三、婴幼儿急性胃肠炎的危险讯号四、婴幼儿急性胃肠炎的照顾及预防Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.什么是婴幼儿急性胃肠炎？急性胃肠炎是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，在儿童的发病率仅次于呼吸道感染，列为第二位，在发展中国家5岁以下儿童尢为突出，全世界每年发生30～50亿例病例，其中500～1000万例死亡。Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.因此，急性胃肠炎是小朋友最常发生的疾病之一，典型的症状是上吐下泻。但是也有以呕吐或拉肚子为主的病例，常会合并肚子痛，发烧，肚子胀，轻微感冒症状等等。Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.急性胃肠炎的分类及病程介绍大致分为细菌性的肠胃炎病毒性的肠胃炎。Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.什么是细菌性肠炎?它会有什么症状?Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.细菌性：细菌性肠胃炎中最有名且常见的就是沙门氏杆菌感染（其它常见的细菌感染包括志贺氏菌、空肠螺旋杆菌与大肠杆菌等。）Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.1.沙门氏菌感染中以鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和婴儿沙门氏菌在婴儿中最常见。此病起病急，呕吐、腹泻、腹痛伴发热2.腹泻大便6～15次/d，粪便性状可为稀便、黏液便、脓血便等。细菌性肠炎的主要症状Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.3病儿多伴脱水、酸中毒。患儿病情重、合并症多、病死率高。沙门氏杆菌感染盛行于夏季。但是夏天同样有各式各样不同的病毒在流行，所谓“肠胃型感冒”或“感冒引起拉肚子”概指此类。Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.什么是细菌性肠炎?它又会有什么症状?Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.病毒性：病毒性肠胃炎以轮状病毒感染占最多数，好发于6个月～2岁婴幼儿，多见于秋、冬季节。一般自然病程7～10天。临床表现有发热、腹泻水样便，每日5～10次甚至10余次。伴轻度呕吐，呕吐常发生于发病第1～2天，随后出现腹泻。Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.病毒性肠炎的主要症状1.吐泻患者多伴脱水、酸中毒。轮状病毒肠炎一般预后良好，但轮状病毒也可引起全身性感染，侵犯多个脏器，如肺、心脏，重者引起暴发性心肌炎而猝死。（其它像腺病毒、感冒病毒等亦为常见原因.Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.轻型：轻者数日可痊愈（可从一、两天内自然恢复）重型：出现血丝粘液便、高烧不退或腹部绞痛等，症状甚至可以持续一、两周左右。婴幼儿急性胃肠炎的病程介绍Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.一般而言，细菌性胃肠炎较为严重，也比较容易出现肠胃出血、肠穿孔、甚至腹膜炎的并发症。Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.婴幼儿急性胃肠炎的危险讯号（一）严重的腹泻或呕吐（二）粪便中有血丝及粘液（三）持续的腹痛Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.（四）持续高烧不退、活动力差或意识不清因为出现上述危险讯号较易发展为肠梗阻、肠穿孔、败血症、脑膜炎等并发症，需特别注意。Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethesenseofbusinessintegrityoftourismenterprisestohelptourismconsumersandoperatorstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterests,toensurethatourCity'stourismsustainable,healthyandcoordinatedDevelopment.婴幼儿急性胃肠炎的照顾及预防1、注意脱水现象：小朋友是否有小便减少（婴幼儿尿布次数减少），干哭没有眼泪，皮肤干无弹性，婴儿之前囟门凹陷等想象？加强水分及电解质的补充，可购买拉肚子专用之电解质水给小朋友当开水喝Throughthispublicitycampaign,furtherimprovethes