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-1-2认真观察下列句子，总结什么是定语从句？先行词？关系词？1.Iwanttoreadallbooks(thatwerewrittenbyLuXun)2.Sheisateacher(whoisstrictinherwork.)3.Shegotacomputer(whichherparentsboughtforher.)4.Theboy(whosefatherisadoctor)studieshard.5.Istillrememberthefirstday(whenImetyouingrade7.)6.Stonehengewasatemple(whereancientleaderstriedtocommunicatewithgods.)7.Wedon’tknowthereason(whyhewaslateforschool.)在复合句中，用来修饰,限定，解释说明主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。所被修饰限定解释说明的名词或代词叫做先行词。能引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，关系词不仅在句中起连接作用，还充当一定的成分。-3关系词：关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose）和关系副词(when,where,why)先行词关系词作用人that，who，whom主语，表语，宾语物that，which主语，表语，宾语所有格（人，物）whose定语时间when状语地点where状语原因why状语-4关系代词2.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.3.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.1.that即指人也可指物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）IlovemoviesthatarefunnyDoyouknowthegirl(that)Mr.Wangistalkingto?2-5关系代词4.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.-65.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?-7定语从句中需注意事项有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行词是something,nothing,anything等不定代词时Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.-83.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.4.先行词是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修饰时Isittheonethatyouwant?Ihaven’tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.5.当主句已有疑问词who或which时，用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?-9注:who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用who,不用that1).先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere?2).在therebe句型中，先行词指人,关系词用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.-10————关系副词关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.when:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。why:在从句中作原因状语，指代原因.Istillrememberthefirstday(whenImetyouingrade7.)Stonehengewasatemple(whereancientleaderstriedtocommunicatewithgods.)Wedon’tknowthereason(whyhewaslateforschool.)-11定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致。注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。Thewomanwho/thatspokeatthemeetingyesterdayismymother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(叙述客观事实用一般现在时)(从句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示过去时间)-12把下列句子改成复合句1.Ilikemusic.Themusicisgentle.2.Heisamusic.Hecanplaydifferentkindsofmusic.3.Iwanttowatchamovie.Themovieisfunny4.Doyouknowtheman?Mr.Wangistalkingtohim.5.Theboyistom.Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm.6.Thesupermarketisashop.Youcanbuydifferentkindsofproductsthere.7.Imethimyesterday.Iwasgoingshoppingwithmymom.-131.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./3.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.asAAA定语从句练习-144.Isthisthefactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.whichC.whoD.whom5.Isthisfactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.thatC.whichD./6.Theonlylanguage_____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.whichB.thatC./D.itBBB定语从句练习-157.Thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.all8._____cleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised.A.ThatB.WhoC.TheonewhoD.Thestudentswho9.Pleaseshowmethebook_____youboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.thisCCA定语从句练习