商业模式的理论框架述评

610074[]。。[][]F270A[]1673－0461200911－0001－08。。。·(Hamel,2003)。、。。[1]·(Magretta,2002)。[2]、(businessmodel)①。2070(Konczal,1975[3]Dottore,1977[4])。“”。·(Magretta,2002)“”。[2]·(Drucker,1994)(businessthe－ory)。[5]·(Hammer,2004)“”(operationalinnovation)(deepchange)。。。。。[6]·(Magretta,2002)。[2]·(Du－bossonetal,2002)、。[7]·(A－fuah,2004)。、、。[8](Ma－hadevan,2000)———、。[9]·(Thomas,2001)、、、、。[10][]1954-、。2009113111CONTEMPORARYECONOMY&MANAGEMENTNov.2009Vol.31No.111··(AmitandZott,2000)、、。[11]·(Hamel,2003)。。。。——————。[1]·(Rappa,2004)“———。。”、。[12]。、、、、、。“”[13](Mahadevan,2000)[9]·(Applegate,1999)。[14]。。(Sta咬hler,2002)[15]。(Hamel,2000)[16]。(ChesbroughandRosenbloom,2002)[17]。、、、。、、。、IBM。。·(Magretta,2002)《》20025《》。“。”[2]·。1954(Drucker,1954)《》(1)(whatisourbusi－ness)(2)(whatshouldourbusinessbe)(3)(whatshouldourbusinessforfuturebe)“。”[18]。(Drucker,1964)《》(1)(2)(3)(4)[19]·(Ansoff,1979)《》2———。。[20]。。。[21]·(Magretta,2002)·。、。、、、(preference)。·“”。[2](1)(2)。。·(Porter,1996)《》。[22]。(logictest)、(num－bertest)、、。MitchellandCompany··(MitchellandColes,2003)“”“Who、What、When、Where、Why、How、HowMuch”。(1)Who(2)What(3)When(4)Where(5)Why(6)How(7)HowMuch[23]··(ChesbroughandRosenbloom,2002)。(valuecreation)、(valueoffering)(valuedistribution)。6(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)。[17]·(Timmers,1998)①、②③。———。“”(marketingmodels)。[24]-&(Booz,Allen&Hamilton)··(ViscioandPaternack,1996)(environment)。(1)(globalcore)。(identity)、(strategicleadership)、(capabilities)、(controlmission)、(capitalmission)(2)(busi－nessunit)。(3)(services)(4)(governance)(5)(linkages)。3。[25](VenkatramanandHenderson,1998)(1)(customerinteraction)(2)(assetconfiguration)(3)(knowledgeleverage)。[26]·(Sta咬hler,2002)(1)(valueproposition)。(2)(productorservice)。(3)(valuearchitec－ture)。(marketdesign)、(internalarchitecture)(externalvaluearchitecture)(4)(revenuemodel)。(sourcesofrevenues)。[15]·(Hamel,2000)(1)(corestrategy)(businessmission)、(product/marketscope)(basisfordif－ferentiation)(2)(strategicre－sources)(corecompetencies)、(strategicassets)(coreprocess－es)(3)(customerinterface)(fulfillmentandsupport)、(informationandinsight)、(relationshipdynamics)(pricingstructure)(4)(valuenetwork)(suppliers)、(partners)(coalitions)。(1)(configuration)(2)(customerbenefits)(3)(companyboundaries)。。[16]·(Teeceetal.,1997)(1)(2)(3)。[27](2004)、、。。[28](2004)“”“———”。[29](2005)。(Schumpeterianrents)。[30]、。。(orienta－tion)。(structuraldimensions)。。。1.(valueproposition)。·(Afuah,2004)。[8]·(Hamel,2000)。4[16]·(Chesbrough,2003)。(1)(2)。[31](Sta咬hler,2002)。。[15]··(MitchellandColes,2003)。[23]、()1/3。。。(BleekeandErnst,1995)。[32]2.(corestrategy)。。、、、、、。(Hamel,2000)(1)。、、。。(2)。。[16](Chesbrough,2003)(1)。(2)(Porter,1980)(costleadership)、(dif－ferentiation)、(focus)(nichemarket)。[31](Sta咬hler,2002)。、、。[15](Afuah,2004)(1)(2)。、、、、、。[8]3.(resourceallocation)、。、、、、、、、、。。(、、)。(Hamel,2000)(1)。、。(2)。、、、、、。。(3)。。、。[16](Chesbrough,2003)。。。[31](Sta咬hler,2002)。[15](MitchellandColes,2003)。[23]5(Afuah,2004)、、、、。、。、、、。[8]。、、。、、、。。4.(organizationaldesign)。、。。。。。(Hamel,2000)。“”(makeorbuy)、。[16](Sta咬hler,2002)(1)(valuesteps)。。(2)(communicationchannelsandcoordinationmechanism)。。。(3)(demarcationtoexternalvaluearchitec－ture)。()。。[15](Afuah,2004)。。(makeoroutsourcing)。[8]5.。、、、。。(valuenetwork)。。(Hamel,2000)(1)。。(2)。。(3)。、、。。。[16](Sta咬hler,2002)(1)。。。(2)。。[15](Chesbrough,2003)。、。。[31]6.6。(productorservicedesign)。。。(Hamel,2000)(1)、(2)(3)。[16](Sta咬hler,2002)。、、。[15](MitchellandColes,2003)(1)(2)(3)(4)。[23]、。7.(businessrevenuemech－anism)。。。·(Hamel,2000)。[16](MitchellandColes,2003)。[23](Chesbrough,2003)。。。[31](Sta咬hler,2002)。。[15](Afuah,2004)(1)。。(2)。。[8]8.(profitpotential)。。。(Hamel,2000)、、、。[16](Chesbrough,2003)。[31](Sta咬hler,2002)。[15](Afuah,2004)、、、、。、、、、、、、7、。[8]。。、。、(businessmix)、。[]①BusinessModel、、Business、、、、。[][1]GaryHamel．InnovationasaDeepCapability[J]．LeadertoLeader,Winter,January2003,27(1)19-24．[2]JoanMagretta．WhyBusinessModelsMatter[J]．HarvardBusinessReview,2002,80(5):86-92．[3]EdwardF.Konczal．ModelsareforManagers,notMathematicians[J]．JournalofSystemsManagement,1975,26(1)12-14．[4]F.A.Dottore．DataBaseProvidesBusinessModel[J]．Computerworld,1977,11(44)1-3．[5]PeterF.Drucker．TheTheoryoftheBusiness[J]．HarvardBusinessReview,1994,72(5)95-104．[6]MichaelHammer．DeepChange:HowOperationalInnovationCanTransformYourCompany[J]．HarvardBusinessReview,April2004,82(2):85-93．[7]MagalyDubosson,AlexanderOsterwalderandYvesPigneur．E-BusinessModelDesign,ClassificationandMeasurement[J]．ThunderbirdInternationalBusinessReview,January2002,44(1):5-23．[8]AllanAfuah．BusinessModels:AStrategicManagementApproach[M]．Boston,Massachusetts:McGraw-Hill,August2004．[9]B.Mahadevan．BusinessModelsforInternet-basedE-commerce:AnAnatomy[J]．CaliforniaManagementReview,Summer2000,42(4)55-69．[10]RussellThomas．BusinessValueAnalysis:CopingwithUnrulyUncertainty[J]．Strategy&Leadership,2001,29(2)16-24．[11]RaphaelAmitandChristophZott．ValueCreationinE-Business[J]．StrategicManagementJournal,2001,22(6/7)493-520．[12]MichaelRappa．BusinessModelsontheWeb:ManagingtheDigitalEnterprise[EB/OL]．(),May2003.MichaelRappa．TheUtilityBusines