take-spend-pay-cost的辨析与练习

辨析：take,spend,cost和pay的用法区别总结：take一般用it作主语，例如：ittakessb.sometimetodosth.spend一般是人作主语，例如：Ispendanhourfinishingmyhomework.cost表示某物值什么的（价值或钱），例如：Thebookcost200yuan.pay一般是人作主语，例如：Ipaylotsofmoneyforbooks.1.spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：(1)spendtime/moneyonsth.在……上花费时间（金钱）。例如：Ispenttwohoursonthismathproblem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2)spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花费时间（金钱）做某事。例如：Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spendmoneyforsth.花钱买……例如：Hismoneywasspentforbooks.他的钱用来买书了。2.cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下：(1)sth.costs(sb.)+金钱，某物花了（某人）多少钱。例如：Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.(2)(doing)sth.costs(sb.)+时间，某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例如：Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost，并且不能用于被动句。3.take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：(1)Ittakessb.+时间+todosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。例如：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他们用三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doingsth.takessb.+时间，做某事花了某人多少时间。例如：Repairingthiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.他花了一下午修车。4.pay的基本用法是：(1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付钱（给某人）买……例如：Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.我每个月要付20英镑的房租。(2)payforsth.付……的钱例如：Ihavetopayforthebooklost.我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)payforsb.替某人付钱例如：Don’tworry!I’llpayforyou.别担心，我会给你付钱的。(4)paysb.付钱给某人例如：Theypayuseverymonth.他们每月给我们报酬。(5)paymoneyback还钱例如：MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?I’llpayitbacknextweek.(6)payoffone’smoney还清钱。payv.付款；偿还Wepaid35poundsforeachticket.我们每票付了35英镑。同根词：payn.工资；薪水；报答Theycomplainedabouttheirpayandconditions.他们抱怨他们的薪水和工作条件。搭配：payoff偿清（债务）；支付（债务）的全部数额payattentionto注意payavisitto去参观，拜访payfor为……付款练习：一、用几种不同的表达方式翻译：这件外套花费了我100元。1.__________________________________________2.__________________________________________3.__________________________________________4.__________________________________________二、单项选择：1.Ihavetothem20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.A.payB.paidC.costD.took2.TheyspendtoomuchtimethereportA.writingB.towriteC.onwritingD.write3.--Whatbeautifulshoesyou’rewearing!Theymustbeexpensive.--No，theyonlyl0yuan．A．spentB．tookC．paidD．cost4.--Willyoupleaseformydinner,Peter?--Sure!A.spendB.payC.costD.take5.Itwillmetoomuchtimetoreadthisbook.A.takeB.costC.spendD.pay6.Thissciencebook____meagreatamountofmoney.A.tookB.costC.usedD.spent7.MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?I'llitbacknextweek.A.takeB.costC.payD.spend8.Itwohoursonthismathsproblemyesterday.A.takeB.costC.payD.spent9.Repairingthiscarhimthewholeafternoon.A.tookB.costC.payD.spent10.----Howdoyoucometoschool?----Bybike.Takingabusmay_____muchmoney.Andwalking______toomuchtime.A.take;paysB.cost;takesC.pay;costsD.pay;takes11.Sheusually________muchtimeshoppinginthesupermarkets.AspendsBcostsCtakesDpays12.Americanstudentsspend________time_________homeworkthanChinesestudents.A.fewer,doingB.less,todoC.less,doingD.least,doing13.Thiskindofcomputer_______toomuch.Ican'taffordone.A.takesB.spendsC.paysD.costs14.Itwill________usseveralyearstolearnaforeignlanguagewell.(09)A.costB.takeC.spendD.use15.SinceJune1st,2008,whenwewantplasticbagsinthesupermarket,wehaveto________(付款)them.(09)16.HelikesEnglish.Hespendslotsoftime__________(read)iteveryday.(09宿迁)17.I'minterestedinanimals,soI___everysaturdayworkinginananimalhospitalA.PayB.costC.takeD.spend18.-Doyouoftengetonline?--Yes,I____lotsoftimeonit.It’sagoodwaytokilltime.A.costB.spendC.takeD.pay19.--lthinktravelingaroundthecitybytaxiisveryconvenient--Yes,butit_____toomuchA.paysB.costsC.spendsD.takes三．完成句子1.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。（cost）2.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。（take）3.我每个月要付20美元的房租。（pay）4.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。（cost）5.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。（spend）6.昨天他花了10分钟乘公共汽车去动物园。(09)It____________________________________yesterday.四、根据句子意思和时态，用spend,take,cost和pay的正确形式来填空，请注意考虑时态的变化。1.I_____________twohoursonthismathproblem.2.Thecar____________himaroundtenthousandUSdollars.3.Hismoney_________________________forbooks.4.It_____________themthreeyearstobuildthisroad.5.Don’tworry!I'll___________foryou.6.Theerror_________thecompanyonemillionpounds.7.They______________useverymonth.8.They_______________twoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.9.Ihaveto_________them20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.10.Anewcomputer______________alotofmoney.11.Ihaveto__________forthelostbook.12.MayIborrow12Yuanfromyou?I'll______itbacknextweek.13.Homework___mehalfanhoureveryday.14.It___me$20totakethetrain.15.It___mehalfanhourtofindtheboy.16.I___$20forherbook.17.I____$20onthebook.18.It_____mehalfanhourtoclimbupthemountain.19.I____halfanhourclimbingupthemountain.20.Howmuchdidyou____fortheticket?21.Howmuchdoesit____tobuythebook?22.Howlongdoyou_____speakingEnglisheveryday?23.Howmuchdidyou____onthepants?答案：一、1.Ispend100yuanonthiscoat.=Ispend100yuantobuythiscoat.2.Thecoatcostme100yuan.=Itcostme100yuantobuythiscoat.3.Ipaid100yuanforthiscoat.4.Ittakesme100yuantobuythiscoat.二、1-5AADBA6-10BCDAB11-14ACDB15.payfor16.reading17-19DBB三、1.Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.2.Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.3.Ihavetopaythem20dollarsforthisroomeachmonth.4.Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.5.Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.6.Ittookhimtenminutestogotothezoobybus/totakethebustothezoo.四、1.spent2.cost3.wasspent4.took5.pay6.cost7.pay8.spent9.pay10.costs11.pay12.pay13.takes14.cost15.took16.paid17.spend18.took19