1.0-UEFI-BIOS简介

1UEFIBIOS简介V0.1•BIOSBackground•UEFIOverview•UEFITechnicalOverview•BIOSExecutionFlow•CSM•DevelopmentenvironmentAgenda2BIOSBackground•What’sLegacyBIOS?–BasicInput-OutputSystemfororiginalIBMPC/XTandPC/AT–Originatedin1980s–Basedon8086architecture–AgroupofclearlydefinedOS-independentinterfaceforhardwareInt10forVideoservice•Int13diskservice•Int16keyboardservice•Int18BIOSROMloader•Int19bootstraploader–AvailabilityofMS-DOSoutsideofIBMallowedapplicationstorunequallywellacrossdifferentbrandsofboxPCclones.3BIOSBackground•BIOS/EFI/UEFIHistory4198519901995200020052010IBM16BitBIOS1980PCEFIforItaniumplatformEFIDevkit(EDK)TianocoreEFI1.02EFI1.10UEFI2.0UEFI2.3百敖2006年成立百敖2010年底上马EDKIIEDKIIUEFIOverview•EFI:ExtensibleFirmwareInterface(Intel)•UEFI:UnifiedExtensibleFirmwareInterface(UEFIOrg)•UEFIisainterfacespecification•UEFIForum–•特点:–AbstractsBIOSfromOS–Compatiblebydesign–ModularandExtensible–ProvideoptionROMreplacement–MultipleCPUarchitecturessupport–…….5UEFIOverview6UEFITechnicalOverview•Bootsupport–Bootdevicesupport•HardDisk•RemovableMedia–CDROM,DVDROM–Floppy,USBStorages,etc.•Bev/Bcv–PXErom–iScsirom–GPTbeyondMBR•64-bitLogicalBlockAddressing.•Supportsunlimitednumberofpartitions•Usesaprimaryandbackuptableforredundancy.•DefinesaGUIDforuniquelyidentifyingeachpartition.•Fixesthe2.2TerabyteProblem（对终端用户最大的优点）7UEFITechnicalOverview•Keyconcepts–Objects-Managedsystemstate,includingI/Odevices,memoryandevents–TheUEFISystemTable-Datastructurewithdata-formationtables–Handledatabaseandprotocols-Callableinterfacesthatareregistered–UEFIImages-Execuableformatethatcontainbinarydata–Events-Thesoftwarecanbesignaledinresponsetosomeotheractivity–DevicePath-Adatastructurethatcontainscertainhardwarelocationinfornamtion8UEFITechnicalOverview•UEFISystemtable9UEFITechnicalOverview•GUID•“Globally”UniqueIdentity–128-bitquantitydefinedbyWiredforManagementWfM2.0specification**•Usedtoidentifyprotocols–1:1withinterfaces•Regulateextensionmechanism–Documentedinthespec–Addedthroughdrivers•Guidgen.exe–CreatenewGUID10UEFITechnicalOverview•GUID,InterfaceStructure,Services–DEVICE_PATH,DEVICE_IO,BLOCK_IO,DISK_IO,FILE_SYSTEM,SIMPLE_INPUT,SIMPLE_TEXT_OUTPUT,SERIAL_IO,PXE_BC,SIMPLE_NETWORK,LOAD_FILE,UNICODE_COLLATION11UEFITechnicalOverviewHandles•Allprotocolshaveahandlewhichisassociatedwiththeprotocol•EverydeviceandexecutableimageinUEFIhasahandleprotocolinthehandledatabase•Everybootdevicemusthaveadevicepathprotocoltodescribeit12UEFITechnicalOverviewHandleProtocolDatabase13UEFITechnicalOverviewDevicePathProtocol•Adatastructuredescriptionofwhereadeviceisintheplatform•Allbootdevices,logicaldevicesandimagesmustbedescribedbyadevicepath•6typesofdevicepaths:Hardware–ACPI–UID/HIDofdeviceinAML–Messaging–i.e.LAN,FiberChannel,ATAPI,SCSI,USB–Media–i.e.HardDrive,FloppyorCD-ROM–EDD3.0bootdevice–seeEDD3.0specint1348–Endofhardware–marksendofdevicepath•Examples–Acpi(PNP0A03,0)/Pci(1F|1)/Ata(Primary,Master)/HD(Part3,Sig00110011)–Acpi(PNP0A03,1)/Pci(1E/0)/Pci(0|0)/Mac(0002B3647D69)–Acpi(PNP0A03,0)/Pci(1F|0)/Acpi(PNP0501,0)/Uart(11520081)14UEFIServiceBootService•EventsandnotificationsPolleddevices,nointerrupts•WatchdogtimerElegantrecovery•Memoryallocation•Handlelocation–forfindingprotocols•ImageloadingDrivers,applications,OSloader15RuntimeServiceAvailableatbothBoottimeandRuntime•Timer,WakeupalarmAllowssystemtowakeuporpoweronatasettime.•VariablesBootmanagerhandshake•SystemresetBIOSExecutionFlow16CompatibilitySupportModule•WhyCSM?–AbridgebetweenUEFIandlegacy–Bootingatraditionalornon-UEFI-awareOS–LoadinganUEFI-awareOSadevicethatiscontrolledbyatraditionalOpROM–LegacyOpROMsupportwillberequiredlongerthanlegacyOSsupport17DevelopmentEnvironment•Source:–EFIDevelopmentkit(EDK&EDKII)–EFIToolkit–EFIShell–EFISCT•SourcePlatforms:–UEFIShell-EFIapplicationthatprovidesaninteractiveinterfacethatallowsyoutolaunchEFIapplicationsanddrivers.CanruninanyplatformsthatsupporttheEFIShellprotocol–NT32-WindowsbasedemulationusedtoruntheEFIshell–DUET-DevelopersUEFIEmulation(DUET)UEFIOverLegacyBIOS–OVMF-OpenVirtualMachineFirmware(OVMF)SupportUEFIfirmwareforVirtualMachines–EDKII-Noteaplatformbutbuildenvironment.MakesuseofPackages,LibrariesandPCDs–EFIToolkit-Notaplatformbutbuildenvironmenttosupport“C”portingtoEFIapplicationsandotherutilities18Q&A1920