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外研版高一(2)Module6Grammar山东翟纪友1.副词的分类副词按照其词汇意义一般分为以下5类:时间副词,如:now,soon,ago,today,early,finally,once,recently,already地点副词,如:here,downstairs,above,back,upwards,nearby,off,outside方式副词,如:carefully,fast,angrily,warmly,suddenly,slowly,really,excitedly程度副词,如:almost,seldom,often,usually,sometimes,occasionally副词按照其句法功能,一般分为以下4类:一般副词包括上述时间、地点、程度、频度等副词,主要在句中作状语,定语、表语、宾语补足语和介词宾语。疑问副词,如:how,when,where,why放在特殊疑问句句首。关系副词,如:when,where,why,whether,引导定语从句。连接副词,如:how,when,where,why,whether,引导名词性从句。2.频度副词通常放在动词前面,如:Ihardlyeverheardhimsinging.我几乎从未听他唱过歌。Theyoccasionallysawhimwalkingalongtheriverbank.他们偶尔看见他在河边散步。Heseldomwentbacktohishometown.他很少回故乡去。如果句子里有情态动词、助动词或动词be,就放在这类动词(的第一个)的后面,例如Youmustalwayskeepthisinmind.这一点你要经常记在心里。Doyouoftengotothecinema?你经常去看电影吗？Hehasneverbeenlateforthemeeting.他开会从不迟到。Sheisseldomill.她很少生病。3.几个副词同时出现在一个句子中,一般的次序是:方式副词＋地点副词＋时间副词(时间副词也可置于句首)。例如:HewasborninBeijingintheyear1980.Theywereallworkinghardinthefieldsat10:00yesterday.昨天10点的时候他们正在田野里辛勤劳动。该次序也适用于由其他词或词组组成的相应的状语,即:方式状语＋地点状语＋时间状语。例如:UncleTomdiedsuddenlyinParisin1980.汤姆叔叔于1980年突然在巴黎去世。Afterthewar,theheroreturnedwithpridetohishometown.战后,那位英雄自豪地返回了家乡。4.程度副词一般都放在它所修饰的词的后面,例如：IamterriblysorryforwhatIsaidtoyou.我对我所说的话感到万分抱歉。Hedoesn’tquiteagreewithyou.他不完全同意你所说的话。Wehavecompletelyfinishedtheproject.我们已全部完成了这项工程。Healmostfellontotheground.他差点摔倒在地上。5.疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词和一些形容这个句子的副词,通常都放在句子(或从句)的开头。例如：Howdoyoulikethebookyouboughtyesterday?昨天买的书你觉得怎么样？Obviouslythetaxidriveristobeblamedfortheaccident.显然,这位出租车司机应该为这起事故受到责备。Certainlyweshouldtryourbesttohelpthischild.我们的确应该尽力帮助这个孩子。6.方式副词通常位于动词(和宾语)的后面。如:Shedoeseverythingcarefully.她做什么事都很细心。Intheendhepassedtheexamsuccessfully.最后,他成功地通过了考试。Heisalwaystreatingotherpeoplerudely.他待人总是很粗鲁。Workinpairsanddividethesephrasesintotwogroups.1.wordsandphrasesthattellushowoftensomethinghappens2.phrasesthattelluswheresomethinghappensoccasionally,(every)nowandthen,inthewest(ofthecountry),threetimesaweek,seldom,fromtimetotime,betweenthehouses,onceaweek,rarely,attheend(oftheroad),throughtheair,everytwodaysWhere:inthewest(ofthecountry)/betweenthehouses/attheend(oftheroad)/throughtheairAnswers:Howoften:occasionally/(every)nowandthen/threetimesaweek/seldom/fromtimetotime/onceaweek/rarely/everytwodaysA.Wealwayswatchtellyinthemorningasweearourbreakfastinthekitchen.B.Iwatchfilmsallthetimeattheweekend.C.Isawabrilliantoneyesterday.D.Everyoneinitactssobrilliantly.Readthesentencesandanswerthequestions.1.Isbrilliantanadjective(describinganoun)oranadverb(tellingyouaboutaverb)?adjectivedescribing“one”(pronounfor“film”)2.Howdoyoumakeadverbsfromadjectives?Canyoumakeanadverbfromthewordquick?Youfrequentlyadd-lytotheendoftheadjective,e.g.quickly3.Canyoufindwordsandphrasesthatanswerthesequestions:When?Where?How?When?:asweeatourbreakfast;inthemorning;allthetime;attheweekend;yesterdayWhere?:inthekitchenHow?:brilliantlyWorkinpairs.Lookatthesentencesbelow.WhatistheorderofWhen?Where?How?Adverbsinthesesentences?1.Thechildplayshappilyinhisbedroomeveryevening.how?(happily)where?(inthebedroom)when?(everyevening)2.MrsWangcleanedthehousecarefullyyesterday.how?(carefully)when?(yesterday)3.Thestudentswaitquietlyatthebusstopeachday.how?(quietly)where?(atthebusstop)when?(eachday)Putthewordsinthesentencesbelowinthecorrectorder.1.aIofsupermarketatyesterdayspentlotmoneytheIspentalotofmoneyatthesupermarketyesterday.2.streetwalkeddownmanthequicklytheThemanwalkedquicklydownthestreet.3.wellyouyesterdayplayedYouplayedwellyesterday.4.workedtodaystudenthardthehaveThestudentshaveworkedhardtoday.5.herbeforecarefullytalkthinkyoutoThinkcarefullybeforeyoutalktoher.6.thewereloudlyyesterdayboyscorridorthetalkinginTheboysweretalkingloudlyinthecorridoryesterday.7.intodrovemorningairporttheyearlytheTheydrovetotheairportearlyinthemorning.