状语从句专题讲解思考1:什么是状语?1)对谓语动词进行补充、说明和完善的成分,我们称之为。Eg:IspeakEnglishwell.Iruninthemorning.我就是状语~思考2:什么是状语从句?Iwillcallyoutomorrow.Iwillcallyouwhenhecomes.从句主句主句+连接词+从句当状语部分是由句子构成的时候,我们称这样的句子为状语从句。思考3:状语从句考什么?1、分清楚状语从句类型2、选好连接词3、注意特殊时态用法时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句Iwillcallyouwhenhecomes.Wemustcampwherewecangetwater.Heisunhappytodaybecausehewasill.Heissofatthathemustdosportseveryday.Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchthebus.Youwillgotocollege,ifyoustudyhard.Althoughyouwerelateforschool,Iwasn'tangry.状语从句分类其中对动作发生的时间进行描述的从句when,while,before,after,until,since,assoonas......时间状语从句主从句之间的连接词1、从句动作既可以是延续性动词,也可以是短暂性动词,如:when短暂性动词延续性动词1.Thestudentswereplayingcomputergameswhentheteachercamein.2.WhenIwaswalkingalong,Icameacrossafriendofmine.短暂性动词延续性动词时态2、时态的用法:主现从现、主过从过、主将从现when1、IalwaysdrinkcoffeewhenIwork.2、Whenhegavemeapresent,Ithankedhim.3、Wewillgooutforawalkwhentheweatherisfine。时态主现从现主过从过主将从现1、从句必须是延续性动词Someoneknockedthedoorwhilewewerehavingsupper.while2、强调两个动作同时发生,主从句都用进行时,只能用while.IwaswatchingTVwhilemymotherwascooking.while1.肯定句:。。。直到。。。(表示主句发生的动作一直持续到某一时间才停止,因此,主句动词要使用延续性动词)Ihavetostayhereuntiltherainstops.IwatchedTVuntilmymotherreturnedlastnight.until2.主句用于否定句:not.....,until...直到。。。才。。。表示主句的动作一直持续到某时才开始,主句动词既可以是延续动词,也可以是瞬间动词。Hedidn'tdohishomeworkuntilhisfathercamehome.3.时态Hedidn'tdohishomeworkuntilhisfathercamehome.Shedoesn'twatchTVuntilshefinishesherhomeworkeveryday.Iwon'tgooutuntilIfinishmyhomework.主过从过主将从现主现从现before:在。。。之前(主句动作发生在从句动作之前)Youmustbrushyouteethbeforeyougotobed.after:在。。。之后(主句动作发生在从句动作之后)Youmustclosethedoorafteryougotowork.since:自从(主句现在完成时,从句一般过去时)IhavebeenheresinceIwasyoung.assoonas:一。。。就。。。重点:时态用法上以主将从现最为常见。Wewillgototheparkassoonastherainstops.PRACTICE1.MyparentswerewatchingTVwhileI_____ontheInternet.A.searchB.wassearchingC.searchedD.searching2.I'llphoneyou____Marycomeshome.A.sinceB.untilC.assoonasD.while3.Pleaseturnoffthelight____youleavetheclassroom.A.afterB.beforeC.untilD.since4.Theydidn'trealisetheimportanceofstudy____theyleftschool.A.whenB.whileC.afterD.until其中对动作发生的原因进行描述的从句原因状语从句定义Heisabsenttodaybecausehewasill.因为他生病了,所以今天缺席。原因状语从句通常由because原因。常见连接词列表连接词语气位置(主句前/后)意义because最强前或后“原因”;表客观因果关系。as较强前“由于”;把众人所知的事实当作理由。since较弱前“既然”;就对方陈述的事实作为理由。for次弱后“理由”;对某一事实进行推断的理由。典型例句Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.因为他生病了,所以没来上学。Asitisraining,weshallnotgotothezoo.由于下雨了,我们不应该去动物园。Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.既然你能回答这个问题,我去问问别人。Youcouldn’tseehim,forhewasn’tthere.(不句首)你看不到他,因为他没在那里。易错点1—Whyareyoulateagain?为什么又迟到了?—Becausethereissomethingwrongwithmybike.因为我自行车出问题了。because常回答why引导的疑问句,从句一般位于主句后;why引导的问句,从句一般位于主句前。易错点2because和so不能同在一个句子中。BecauseIwasafraid,Ididn’tgothere.BecauseIwasafraid,soIdidn’tgothere.易错点3because和becauseof也有明显区别。because后面要跟从句,而becauseof后面跟名词短语。Heislateforschoolbecauseitrainsheavily.Heislateforschoolbecauseoftheheavyrain.【典例2】Hewaslate_______theheavyrain.A.becauseB.becauseofC.thoughD.if表示:虽然,尽管,即使等概念让步状语从句连接词大观尽管,虽然无论什么尽管,虽然无论什么即使However(=Nomatterhow)expensiveitmaybe,I’lltakeit.NomatterwhatIsayorhowIsayit,healwaysthinksI’mwrong.EvenifIhavetowalkallthewayI’llgetthere.Itwasanexcitinggame,though/althoughnogoalswerescored.这两个连词意思大致相同,在一般情况下可以互换使用。在口语中,though较常使用,although比though正式,二者都可与yet,still连用,但不能与but连用。例如:易错点1⑴though,although表示“虽然,纵然”之意ThoughIbelieveit,yetImustconsider.尽管我相信这一点,但我还得考虑考虑。目的状语从句:从句部分是用以补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的的状语从句。引导目的状语从句常用的连词有:sothat(以便),inorderthat(为了;以便)E.g.Youmustspeakmoreloudlysothatyoucanbeheardbyall.(该句为目的状语从句的普遍形式)【注意】inorderthat与inorderto的区别:inorderthat+从句inorderto+动词原形(叫目的状语)E.g.Igetupearlyinordertocatchtheearlybus.inorderthat为了,后接从句,做目的状语。E.g.IgetupearlyinorderthatIcancatchtheearlybus.易错点1描述动作发生的结果简介结果状语从句常由so…that或such…that引导,掌握这两个句型,首先要了解so和such与其后的词的搭配规律。so和such结果状语从句其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。1、such是形容词+修饰名词或名词词组2、so是副词,后面+修饰形容词或副词3、so还可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much,little连用,形成固定搭配。易错点1(1)so+adj+that从句eg:Itwassocoldoutsidethatwehadtostopthegame.(2)so+adv+that从句eg:Tomransofastthathewonfirstplace.(3)so+many/much/few/little(少)+名词+that从句eg:TherewassomuchworktodothatMarygottired.(4)such+a+形容词+名词+that从句eg:Itwassuchacolddaythatwehadtostopthegame.根据句意,用so或such填空。1.Theboyis_____youngthathecan'tgotoschool.2.Hetoldus_______afunnystorythatwealllaughed.3.Hehas____fewbookstoreadthathehastoborrowsomebooksfromthelibrary.4.Itis_____atallbuildingthatIcan'tseeitstop.sosuchsosuch其中对动作发生的条件进行描述的从句条件状语从句连接词大观如果,假如只要除非,如果不Ifitsnowstomorrow,we’llhaveadayortwooff.在条件状语从句中,要注意时态一致。一般情况下,主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时(即“主将从现”或“主情从现”或“主祈从现”);主句是过去时态,从句也要用相应的过去时态。易错点1“主将从现”:条件状语从句要用一般现在时态表示将来的动作。Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,we’llgotothepark.如果明天不下雨的话,我们就去公园。(从现)(主将)易错点1“主情从现”:条件状语从句中的主句可能是情态动词(can,may,might,must,should)+动词原形的形式。Ifyouwanttopasstheexam,youmuststudyhard.如果你想考试及格,你就必须努力学习。(从现)(主情)易错点1“主祈从现”:条件状语从句中的主句可能是祈使句。Ifyouseehim,pleasegivehimthisnote.如果你看见他,把这个纸条给他。(从现)(主祈)易错点2意为“如果”意为“是否”,=whether引导条件状语从句。引导宾语从句。遵循“主将从现”“主情从现”“主祈从现”原则。无此用法。Ifyouwantstoseehim,youcantellhimtowait.如果你想见他的话,叫他等好了。IwonderifIshouldwearahat.我不知道该不该戴帽子。if的用法对比【典例1】用动词的正确形式填空。1.Ifshe____(be)kindtome,I______