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Names:张彤孙靖萱樊晓云Class:英1403Date:Mar.182015HistoryTheUKwasoncethelargesteconomyintheworld.19thcentury-----Peak↑TheendofWorldWarII-----Beenweakened↓2periodsofstrongeconomicperformance★thePrimeMinistershipofMargaretThatcher★the‘NewLabour’governmentcametopowerin1997TodayUK’seconomyisoneoftheEurope’slargestsystem.Itisadevelopednationthatnowstandsatariskofbeingseriouslyaffectedbyrecession.RecentUKeconomicdatarevealsalotabouthowGlobalEconomicCrisisof2008hasAFFECTEDitseconomy.GDPExportsandimportsInflationGDPInthirdquarterof2008,grossdomesticproductofUKcontractedby0.6percent.ExportsandImportsIn2007,totalUKexportsamountedtoaround$320billion,totalUKimportsamountedtoabout$451billion.InflationConsumerpriceindexannualinflationinUKwasaround4.1%inNovember2008.Tips:CPI-consumerpriceindex消费物价指数RPI-retailpriceindex零售物价指数ThefeatureineconomyoftheUK•A.Privatisation(私有化)A.privatisation(私有化）•1.beforetheprivatisationpolicy……(before1979)Manyenterprisesandbusinesswerestate-owned,suchassteel,telecom(电信）,gas,aerospace（航空航天工业），bankofEngland,oilbusiness,transportservice……steeltelecomoilTheywerestate-ownedHowever,problemsappeared……a.Greatlosses（亏损）b.Highcostofproductionc.Highratesofinflation(通货膨胀）d.Lowlaborproductivity(劳动生产率）(thelaborproductivitywas40%lowerthanitwasinprivateenterprisethen)e.Slowgrowthineconomy………………Atthistime,awomancameontothestage,whichbroughtaturningpointinUK’shistoryMargaretHildaThatcher撒切尔Bornin1925ThefirstfemaleprimeministerinUKhistoryThefirstfemaleprimeministerinEuropeMargaretHildaThatcherShecarriedoutanextensiveprogrameofprivatisationthroughoutthe1980s.Manystate-ownedenterprisesbecameprivatelyownedunderthispolicy.State-owned→→→privatelyownedState-owned→→→privatelyownedMainreason:1.Needsoftaxcuttopromoteeconomicdevelopmentandincreasetheefficiencyofcompany2.Difficultyinfinanceofthegovernment3.OtherpeoplethinkthatithadsomerelationwiththefightamongthepartiesAssociatedBritishPorts英国联合港口公司英国石油公司telecom航空无线电公司steelTheyallbecameprivatelyownedcoalElectricsystemWaterconservancyMorethan40%state-ownedenterprisesbecameprivatelyownedWhatwastheresult?………………………a.Inflationcameundercontrolb.Companiesweremoreefficient,producingthesameamountwithlessworkers.c.Lossbecamemakingprofitsd.Laborproductivityincreasede.Rapidincreaseinunemployment.Ratesofinflation通货膨胀率LaborproductivityEconomicgrowthunemploymentBefore22%After5%beforeafterbeforeafterbeforeAfter12%7.7%MainintroductionsThemanufacturingindustryTourismThemanufacturingindustrypicturesshowWecanseethedevelopmentandadvancementinmanufacturingindustryofEngland.NowIwillgiveyouabriefintroductionaboutthis.Next,followme!Let‘sgotoUKforavisit!BigBenBuckinghamPalaceBritishMuseumTowerBridgeLondonEyeBritainisaworldeconomicpower,isoneoftheearliestcountriestodeveloptourism.In1840,ThomasCookorganizedthefirsttrainstraintravelactivities,markingthebirthofthetourismindustryintheUKfirst.TheUKeconomycanbebrokendownintothreemainareas:primaryindustries,suchasagriculture,fishing,andmining;secondaryindustries,whichmanufacturecomplexgoodsfromthoseprimaryproducts;andtertiaryindustries,oftendescribedasservices,suchasbanking,insurance,tourism,andthesellingofgoods.://