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1.2解释Interpretation在合同中，除非文中另有规定，否则:IntheContract,exceptwherethecontextrequiresotherwise:(a)表示阳性、阴性或中性的词包括所有的性别;(a)(b)单数形式的词亦包括复数含义，复数形式的词亦包括单数含义;(b)(c)包括“同意”、“批准”或“协议”这些字眼的规定，要求将涉及的协议书面记录下来，且(c)(d)“书面的”或“书面地”指手写、打字、印刷或运用电子技术制做，并形成了永久性的记录。(d)writtenorinwritingmeanshand-written,type-written,printedorelectronicallymade,andresultinginapermanentrecord.解释本合同条件时，不应考虑旁注和其它标题。ThemarginalwordsandotherheadingsshallnotbetakenintoconsiderationintheinterpretationoftheseConditions.1.3通讯联络Communications在合同条件中，无论何处述及发出或颁发批准、证书、同意、决定、通知和要求，这些通讯联络均应:WherevertheseConditionsprovideforthegivingorissuingofapprovals,certificates,consents,determinations,noticesandrequests,thesecommunicationsshallbe:(a)为书面的，且应派人面交并取得收据，或者邮寄，或由信使送达，或按投标函附录中所列通过经同意的电子传输系统传输;且(a)inwritinganddeliveredbyhand(againstreceipt),sentbymailorcourier,ortransmittedusinganyoftheagreedsystemsofelectronictransmissionasstatedintheAppendixtoTender;and(b)递交、邮寄或传输到投标函附录中规定的收件人地址。但是:第5页共73页5/73页FédérationInternationaleDesIngénieurs-Conseils(b)delivered,sentortransmittedtotheaddressfortherecipient'scommunicationsasstatedintheAppendixtoTender.However:(i)如果收件人发出了更改地址的通知，其后的信件应投送到相应的地址;且(i)iftherecipientgivesnoticeofanotheraddress,communicationsshallthereafterbedeliveredaccordingly;and(ii)如果收件人在要求批准或同意时没有另做说明，此批准或同意可送达发出要求的地址。(ii)iftherecipienthasnotstatedotherwisewhenrequestinganapprovalorconsent,itmaybesenttotheaddressfromwhichtherequestwasissued.批准、证书、同意及决定不得被无理扣压或拖延。向一方颁发证书时，颁发者应向另一方送交一份复印件。当另一方或工程师向一方发出通知时，应向工程师或另一方送交一份复印件(视情况而定)。Approvals,certificates,consentsanddeterminationsshallnotbeunreasonablywithheldordelayed.WhenacertificateisissuedtoaParty,thecertifiershallsendacopytotheotherParty.WhenanoticeisissuedtoaParty,bytheotherParryortheEngineer,acopyshallbesenttotheEngineerortheotherParty,asthecasemaybe.1.4法律和语言1.4LawandLanguage合同应受投标函附录中规定的国家(或其它管辖区域)的法律的制约。TheContractshallbegovernedbythelawofthecountry(orotherjurisdiction)statedintheAppendixtoTender.如果合同的任何部分使用一种以上语言编写，从而构成了不同的版本，则以投标函附录中规定的主导语言编写的版本优先。IfthereareversionsofanypartoftheContractwhicharewritteninmorethanonelanguage,theversionwhichisintherulinglanguagestatedintheAppendixtoTendershallprevail.往来信函应使用投标函附录中规定的语言。如果投标函附录中没有规定，则往来信函应使用编写合同(或大部分合同)的语言。ThelanguageforcommunicationsshallbethatstatedintheAppendixtoTender.Ifnolanguageisstatedthere,thelanguageforcommunicationsshallbethelanguageinwhichtheContract(ormostofit)iswritten.1.5文件的优先次序1.5Priorityofdocuments构成合同的各个文件应被视作互为说明的。为解释之目的，各文件的优先次序如下:ThedocumentsformingtheContractaretobetakenasmutuallyexplanatoryofoneanother.Forthepurposesofinterpretation,thepriorityofthedocumentsshallbeinaccordancewiththefollowingsequence:(a)合同协议书(如有时)，(a)theContractAgreement(ifany),(b)中标函，(b)theLetterofAcceptance,(c)投标函，(c)theLetterofTender,(d)专用条件，(d)theParticularConditions,(e)本通用条件(e)theseGeneralConditions,(f)规范(f)theSpecification,(g)图纸，和(g)theDrawings,and(h)资料表以及其它构成合同一部分的文件。(h)theSchedulesandanyotherdocumentsformingpartoftheContract.如果在合同文件中发现任何含混或矛盾之处，工程师应颁发任何必要的澄清或指示。Ifanambiguityordiscrepancyisfoundinthedocuments,theEngineershallissueanynecessaryclarificationorinstruction.第6页共73页6/73页FédérationInternationaleDesIngénieurs-Conseils1.6合同协议书1.6ContractAgreement除非双方另有协议，否则双方应在承包商收到中标函后的28天内签订合同协议书。合同协议书应以专用条件后所附的格式为基础。法律规定的与签订合同协议书有关的印花税和其它类似费用(如有时)应由雇主承担。ThePartiesshallenterintoaContractAgreementwithin28daysaftertheContractorreceivestheLetterofAcceptance,unlesstheyagreeotherwise.TheContractAgreementshallbebasedupontheformannexedtotheParticularConditions.Thecostsofstampdutiesandsimilarcharges(ifany)imposedbylawinconnectionwithentryintotheContractAgreementshallbebornebytheEmployer.1.7转让1.7Assignment任一方都不得转让整个或部分合同或转让根据合同应得的利益或权益。但一方:NeitherPartyshallassignthewholeoranypartoftheContractoranybenefitorinterestinorundertheContract.However,eitherParty:(a)经另一方的事先同意可以转让整个或部分合同，决定权完全在于另一方，及(a)mayassignthewholeoranypartwiththeprioragreementoftheotherParty,atthesolediscretionofsuchotherParty,and(b)可将其按照合同对任何到期或将到期的金额所享有的权利，以银行或金融机构作为受益人，作为抵押转让出去。(b)may,assecurityinfavourofabankorfinancialinstitution,assignitsrighttoanymoneysdue,ortobecomedue,underthe(f)“shall”meansthatthePartyorpersonreferredtohasanobligationundertheContracttoperformthedutyreferredto;“shall”是指合同所指的当事方或个人有责任履行所指义务(g)“consent”meansthattheEmployer,theContractorortheEngineer(asthecasemaybe)agreestoorgivespermissionfor,therequestedmatter;“consent”是指业主，承包商或工程师（视情况而定）同意或准许所要求的事项；(h)“including”,“include”and“includes”shallbeinterpretedasnotbeinglimitedto,orqualifiedby,thestateditemsthatfollow;“including”、“include”、“includes”应解释为不限于下列陈述的项目或受其限制；(i)wordsindicatingpersonsorpartiesshallbeinterpretedasreferringtonaturalandlegalpersons(includingcorporationsandotherlegalentities);and表示个人或当事方的词语应解释为指定自然人和法人（包括公司和其他法人实体）(j)“executetheWorks”or“executionoftheWorks”meanstheconstructionandcompletionoftheWorksandtheremedyingofanydefects(andshallbedeemedtoincludedesigntotheextent,ifany,specifiedintheContract)“executetheWorks”or“executionoftheWorks”是指工程的施工和完工以及任何缺陷的补救（并且应视为在合同规定的范围内包括设计）InanylistintheseConditions,wherethesecond-lastitemofthe