《》()20094101497101、。。。、、,、、,(West,2002)。、、,,。,。(2006):。,。,(Amabile,HennesseyandGrossman,1986;Krause,2004;Lee,2008)。???,。,。、Burns(1978),、、—,2:。,、、,。,。AvolioBass(1988),“”*(07JC630060)。、*□135--,;,。Bass(1985),4:(1),、,、;(2),、、;(3),,,;(4),、,,。3:(1),,;(2),;(3):,。2,。。LeeKoh(2001)2,“”,;“”,。,,;,,(CongerandKanungo,1988;Spreitzer,1995,1996)。2,,。10,,2:,。ThomasValthouse(1990)(psychologicalempower-ment),,4:(meaning)、(competence)、(selfdetermination)(impact)。1995Speritzer4,12,。(2006)(、、、),Speritzer。,,Blanchard,CarlosRandolph(1995)、Ran-dolph(1995)Seibert,SilverRandolph(2004)。Randolph108,3:(Shareinformation)、(Createautonomythroughstructure)、(Letteamsbecomethehierarchy),3。2:。creativeperformancecreativity,、、、;,in-novativeperformanceinnovation(OldhamandCummings,1996;GumusluogluandIl-sev,2009)。“”“”,,。,,。,、、,(OldhamandCummings,1996;Anderson,DeDreuandNijstad,2004)。,,。Spreitzer(1995,1996),、、,、、4。、136--《》()20094,;;;、、。,。、,、(Redmond,MumfordandTeach,1993)。,、、、,,,(Amabile,1988)。,Bandura(1982)。Spreitzer(1995),。Spreitzer(1999),,。:H1:、,。Kirkman,Rosen,TeslukGibson(2004),、,,、,。Randolph(1995),、,、,。,。Bass(1985),、、、。,、,,,。,,,,。,ManzSims(2001),HoughtonYoho(2005)。。,,“”,,。Randolph(1995),、、、,,,。,,,。,,“”,。,,、、,、,。“”,。:H2:。,;,。137--12,,。,,;,,。:H3:。1(mediatedmoderation)。、,150,10,、、、。,2:,,。750,150,900。680,131。96、12,()49,8101(497,101),4~5、1,68%。。BassAvolio(1995)(MLQ),。10“”、“、、”。,1-“”7-“”。。Blanchard,CarlosRandolph(2004),Chen,LamZhong(2007),。30,“”、“,”、“”。LikertScale,“1-”“7-”。。Spreitzer(1995),(2006),。12,“”、“”、“,”、“”。LikertScale,“1-”“7-”。。GeorgeZhou(2002)GumusluogluIlsev(2009),—,。13,,,5,8,“/”。LikertScale,“1-”“7-”。BaronKenny(1986)(moderatedmediation)(mediatedmoderation)。,Muller,JuddYzerbyt(2005)2。,,Muller。2,(HLM)。3:1.(X)、(Mo)、(XMo)(Y),:Y=β40+β41X+β42Mo+β43XMo+ε42.(X)、(Mo)、(XMo)(Me),:1、H2H3H1、138--《》()20094◆ECM=high■ECM=low12:*p0.05,**p0.01,***p0.001();alpha。3、Me=β50+β51X+β52Mo+β53XMo+ε53.(X)、(Mo)、(XMo)、(Me)、(MeMo)(Y),:Y=β60+β61X+β62Mo+β63XMo+β64Me+β65MeMo+ε6AggregationJames,DemareeWolf(1993)Rwg(with-in-groupagreement)Bliese(2000)ICC(intraclasscorrelationcoefficients)。ICC(1)ICC(2)0.1930.544,0.12(James,1982)0.47(Schneideretal.,1998);Rwg0.97,0.70(James,DemareeandWolf,1993;KleinandKo-zlowski,2000),,。、1、。GFI、NFI、CFI0.90,RMSEA0.08,χ25,。2。,、;、;,0.80。3HLM、。3(β=0.18,p0.01),1。(β=0.11,p0.01),2,,(Simpleslope:β=-0.445,p0.001),,(Simpleslope:β=0.082,p=n.s.)。2,,;,。3。,(be-ta=-0.06→-0.02),,(beta=0.26→0.21,p0.01),(beta=0.18,p0.01)。Muller,JuddYzerbyt(2005),。Sobel(Sobel=8.92,p0.001)。3,2χ22.3.4.0000000-0-0139--。、,。,。2,,(Amabile,Hen-nesseyandGrossman,1986;Krause,2004;HoughtonandYoho,2005;Lee,2008)。。,。:“”,。,,。,“”,,,。,、,。,(1981)(),()。,,“—”,,、、,。,,。,,KerrJermier(1978)“”(substitutesforleadership)。KerrJermier,(、、、、;、、;、、)、、。,,“”,(Dionne,Yammarino,HowellandVilla,2005)。,、(neutralize)(substitute),。2:(leadershipsubstitutes)(leadershipneutralizers),,。,。,,。:,,。KerrJermier(1978),Hui,Chiu,Yu,ChengTse(2007),,。,。、140--《》()20094,2004Seibert,SilverRandolph,。Seibert,、。,。,“”。Podsakoff,MacKenzie,AhearneBommer(1995)20,,,(“”-SearchingforaNeedleinaHaystack),。,、Podsakoff。,。(,2006)。,。,,。,,。,,,,。,,。,。,2,,。,“”“”,,、,2。,。(cross-sectional),。,。,,???,。,,,、。,。、(1):《?》,《》,200612。(2)、、、:《》,《》,200638。(3):《》,《》,1981。(4)Amabile,T.M.,1988,“AModelofCreativityandInno-vationinOrganizations”,InB.M.Stow&L.L.Cummings(Eds.),Researchinorganizationalbehavior,10,pp.123~167.(5)Amabile,T.M.,Hennessey,B.A.&Grossman,B.S.,1986,“SocialInfluencesonCreativity:TheEffectsofContract-ed-forReward”,JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,50,pp.4~23.(6)Anderson,DeDreuandNijstad,2004,“TheReutiliza-tionofInnovationResearch:AConstructivelyCriticalReviewoftheState-of-the-science”,JournalofOrganizationalBehavior,25(2),pp.147~173.(7)Avolio,B.J.,Bass,B.M.,1988,“TransformationalLeadership,CharismaandBeyond”,InJ.G.Hunt,B.R.Baliga,H.P.Dachler,&C.A.Schriesheim(Eds.),EmergingLeadership141--Vistas.pp.29~50.Lexington,MA:Lexington.(8)Baron,R.M.&Kenny,D.A.,1986,“TheModerator-mediatorVariableDistinctioninSocialPsychologicalResearch:Conceptual,StrategicandStatisticalConsiderations”,JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,6,pp.1173~1182.(9)Bass,B.M.,1985,LeadershipandPerformanceBeyondExpectations,NewYork:FreePress.(10)Bass,B.M.,Avolio,B.J.,1995,MLQMultifactorLead-ershipQuestionnaireSamplerSet:TechnicalReport,LeaderFormandScoringKeyforMLQForm5x-Short,RedwoodCity,CA:MindGarden.(11)Blanchard,K.H.,Carlos,J.P.&Randolph,W.A.,1995,TheEmpowermentBarometerandActionPlan,Escondido,CA:BlanchardTrainingandDevelopment.(12)Bliese,P.D.,2000,“Within-groupAgreement,Non-in-dependenceandReliability:ImplicationsforDataAggregationandAnalysis”,InK.J.Klein&S.W.J.Kozlowski(Eds.),Mul-tilevelTheory,ResearchandMethodsinOrganizations,pp.349~381.SanFrancisco.(13)Burns,J.M.,1978,Leadership,NewYork:Harper&Row.(14)ChenZ,LamWandZhongJ.,2007,“LeaderMemberExchangeandMemberPerformance:ANewLookatIndividual-LevelNegativeFeedback-SeekingBehaviorandTeam-LevelEmpowermentClimate”,JournalofAppliedPsychology,92(1),pp.202~212.(15)Conger,J.A.&Kanungo,R.N.,1988,“Theempower-mentprocess:Integratingthe