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ThePastParticipleastheAdverbial过去分词作状语11.Ilikereadingthenovels______(write)byZhangAiling.2.Thegirl______(write)aletterinthestudyismycousin.3.ThereissomethingwrongwithmycarandIhavetogetit_______(repair).writtenwritingrepairedFillintheblanks.24.Iwantthedoorsofmynewhouse______(paint)white.5.Therewasa________(surprise)lookonhisface.6.Hewas______(excite)atthegoodnews.7.Thestorywasso______(move)thathewas______(move)totears.paintedsurprisedexcitedmovingmoved3一、过去分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语为句子的主语。例：Askedwhyhedidit,theyoungmansaiditwashisfavorite.Influencedbythegrowinginterestinnature,moreandmorepeopleenjoyoutdoorsports.4Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Whenitisseenfromthehill1.过去分词做时间状语可在过去分词前加上连词when,while,until等来强调过去分词所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示动作的时间关系。例：1.过去分词作时间状语二.过去分词作状语，一是表被动的动作，二是表动作已经完成。相当于状语从句通常作如下几种状语：52.过去分词作原因状语相当于as，since，because等词引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句首Becausetheboywasgreatlytouchedbyhisteacher’swords,hedidalotofthingstohelphisclassmates.Greatlytouchedbytheteacher’swords…Ashewassurprisedatwhathappened,Tomdidn’tknowwhattodo.Surprisedatwhathappened…63.过去分词作条件状语相当于if，unless等词引导的条件状语从句Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.Givenmoretime…Ifitisheatedtoahightemperature,waterwillchangeintovapor.Heatedtoahightemperature…74.过去分词作让步状语过去分词与though,although,evenif,eventhough,等词连用，相当于一个让步状语从句。Thoughtheyhadbeenwarnedofthestorm,thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.Thoughwarnedofthestorm…EvenifI’minvited,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.Evenifinvited…85.过去分词作方式、伴随状语Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,andhewasfollowedbyagroupofstudents.Theteacherenteredtheclassroomfollowedbyagroupofstudents.Theteacherstoodthereandwassurroundedbythestudents.Theteacherstoodthere,surroundedbythestudents.过去分词作方式状语或伴随状语时，相当于一个并列分句，没有相应的从句可替换91.过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等。2.过去分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致。Summary10有些过去分词（短语）源于系表结构，作状语时不表动作而表状态。常见的有:lost(迷路);seated(坐);absorbedin(全神贯注于);dressedin(穿着);tiredof(厌烦)等。如：Absorbedindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。11过去分词作状语时注意的问题:一.过去分词有两大特点：1.表示被动的动作；2.表示已经完成的动作,因此,当过去分词作状语的时候一定要搞清楚分词与主语的逻辑关系——被动。12二.连词+分词（短语）有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚，可在分词前加连词。连词有：when，while，if,though，after,before,as,once,if,unless,though,asif,although,evenif,eventhough等.但分词的主语和主句的主语必须为同一个。例如：Whilewaitingthere,hesawtwoprettygirlscomeoutofthebuilding.等在那儿时，他看见两个靓妹走出大楼。（waiting和saw的主语相同）13•此结构实际是状语从句的省略。当状从的主语和句子的主语保持一致，而且状从的谓语动词是被动时，可以省略从句的主语和动词be.•Eg①Generallyspeaking,whentakenaccordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.•②Thoughwarnedofthedanger,hestillwentskatingon•thethinice.•③Iwon’tattendhisbirthdaypartyunlessinvited14三.注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词作状语，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。例如：__________foralongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。__________thebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。UsedUsing【例题】_______,liquidscanbechangedintogases.A.HeatingB.TobeheatedC.HeatedD.Heat答案C.本题要选分词作为状语。现在分词表主动，正在进行的；过去分词表被动的，已经完成的。对于液体来说是加热的受动者，是被动的，因而选C。它相当于一个状语从句Whenitisheated，…15Hewentoutshuttingthedoorbehindhim.Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.Facedwithdifficulties,wemusttrytoovercomethem.16注意:用分词短语作状语时,它逻辑上的主语要与句子的主语保持一致,否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构.1.Alloursavingsgone,westartedlookingforjobs.2.Herushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.171._____blackandblue,theladycouldn’tmove.A.BeatenB.BeatingC.TobebeatenD.TobeatExercises182.____everywhere,thewolveshadnowhere____themselves.A.Hunting,hidingB.Tohunt,tohideC.Hunted,hidingD.Hunted,tohide193.Theteacherwalkedtothelab,_____.A.followedbyhisstudentsB.hisstudentsfollowedC.andfollowedbyhisstudentsD.bothAandB204.When_______intothewarmroom,icesoonchangesintowater.A.heatingandtakingB.heated,andtakingC.heatingortakenD.heatedortaken215.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun226.The____morning,thefathercameintothelonelyhouse,____byhisnaughtyboy.A.following;followingB.followed;followedC.following;followedD.followed;following231.Since/Asshewasgivenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.Practice:ChangethefollowingclausesintoPastParticiples.Givenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.242.Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.3.Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.Doneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.Whenheated,icewillbechangedintowater.254.Whenitisseenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.Seenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.265.IfIamcomparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.Thehunterlefthishouse,followedbyhisdog.Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.6.Thehunterlefthishouse,andhewasfollowedbyhisdog.27Rewritewithproperconjunctions.1.Unitedwestand,dividedwefail.Example:Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfail.282.Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.3.Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.294.Givenmoretime,wewouldbea