Unit-7

Unit7GenesandPersonalityReading1IsThereaHappinessGene?ContentsLead-inExploringtheContentExploringtheStrategyFurtherReadingPersonalityTest•1.Onafreeday•a.Doyoustayathome?Forwhat?Doingwhatwhenthereareplacestohangoutandfunpeopletomeet?•b.Doyoustaythedayathome,turningfromyourbedtoabooktothekitchenandbacktoyourbedtotakeanap?Whenyouwake,youwatchasthesunsetsandthedarknesstakesitsplace,feelingawesome.•c.Doyoucanstayathomeorhangoutwithfriends?Itdependsonhowyouwantyourdaytobe.PersonalityTest•2.Whatdoesfunmeantoyou?•a.Aconcertoraclubwhereyoucanpartyallnightlongortalkandgistalldaywithyourpalsandpeeps.•b.Calmandquiet.Beingclosetonature.GettingbacktheconnectionwithmotherEarth.Awayfromthecrazinesswithabookorwithmusicorwithpuresheersilence–Bliss!•c.Bothreally;itisjustwhenIamtiredofone,Icanswitchtotheother.•d.Sometimescalmandquietwilldo;sometimesaconcertandclubwilldo.Ijustdon’tspendmuchtimeineither.PersonalityTest•3.Howeasyisittogettoknowtherealyou?•a.Veryeasy.IamanopenbookintermsofwhoIamandmycharacter.Comereadme!•b.Difficult.Therealmeisinlayers.You’llneedtopeeloffnon-stoponceIamwillingtostandyoupeelingmylayersoff.•c.Why?PersonalityTest•Responsesinoptionaarefortheextroverted.Youlove•hangingoutwithfriendsandarealwayswillingtomeetnew•people.Responsesinoptionbarefortheintroverted.You•prefersilence,mightlovesolitudeandhaveafewpeopleyou•callfriends.Csaretheambiverted.Theysometimesbalance•outtheirintrovert/extrovertpersonalities.Theambivertedcan•determinetheirlevelontheintrovert/extrovertspectrumby•takingthetestagainandchoosingbetweenthe‘a’and‘b’•choicesthatwhichyouwouldmostpreferiftherewereno‘c’•choices.PersonalityTestPersonalityDoyouthinkaperson'sbasicpersonalityissetatbirthordevelopedinthelifeprocess?PersonalityContentsExploringtheContentLead-inExploringtheStrategyFurtherReadingExploringtheContent:SkimmingPart1Introduction:adebateaboutgenesandhappinessPart2(Paras.1-2):theTwinstudyPart3(Paras.3-6):DebateovertheinfluenceofGenesPart4(Para.7-10)TraitsofhappypeoplePart5Conclusion:thedebateisgoingonraten.1)aproportion:比例themortalityrate死亡率ataxrate税率2)speedincreaseatasteadyrate3)chargeorpaymentpostalrates4)levelofqualityfirst-rateratev.1)rankorberegardedinaspecifiedwayThattaskrateslowonmyprioritylist.ThismustrateasoneoftheworstmealsIhaveevereaten.2)regardoraccountWeratedthemovieexcellent.Heiswidelyratedasoneofthebestplayersintheworld.interactv.1)tohaveeffectoneachotherorsomethingelsebybeingorworkingclosetogether2)totalk,orworktogetherassociatewith1)toberelatedtoaparticularsubject,activity,etc.2)tomakeaconnectioninyourmindbetweenonethingorpersonandanother3)tojoininarelationshipbasedonfriendship,business,orasharedpurpose;tocombineasfriendsorpartnerspromptv.1)tocauseorurge2)tohelpaspeakerwhopauses,bysuggestinghowtocontinue3)toasksomeonetodosomethingonacomputer4)(ofanaction)donequickly,atonce,orattherighttimeundertakev.toacceptthatyouareresponsibleforapieceofwork,andstarttodoitSheundertookresponsibilityforthechanges.view...assyn.see...as;regard...as;thinkof...asThepoliceviewedwhathesaidasimportantevidence.backup1)tosupport,esp.inanargumentThepolicemanwouldn'thavebelievedmeifyouhadn'tbackedmeup.2)movebackwardsThebushadtobackupandturnaround.backupn.asubstitute,acopyofprogrammeadj.extra;standbybackupquestionsintheoraltestDifficultsentences(1)Counselingsuchaspsychotherapycanhelppeopletochangetheiroutlook,andeverydayactivitiessuchasreadingbooksorgardeningcankeeppeopleabovetheirhappinessnorm.Theserviceofcounselinglikepsychotherapycanhelppeopletochangetheirgeneralattitudetolifeandtheworld,andeverydayactivitiessuchasreadingbooksorgardeningcanmakepeoplefeelhappy.ParaphraseDifficultsentences(2)Theresearcher'sbeliefthatgeneticpredispositionisonlypartoftheequationisbackedupbyotherresearch.Theresearchersbelievethattheinheritedtendencyisonlyoneofthefactorsthatjointlyinfluenceone'sbehavior.Andthisbeliefhasbeensupportedbyotherresearch.ParaphraseContentsExploringtheStrategyLead-inExploringtheContentFurtherReadingExploringthestrategy:identifyargumentsTheidenticaltwins,ratedtheirhappiness—ordespair—almostthesame.ArgumentsforIdenticaltwinsseparatedatbirthandraisedindifferentfamilieshadalmostthesamefeelingsofhappinessordespair.People'sbasispersonalityisbiological,passeddownasapatternofinteractinggenes.Genesknowntocontrolthebrainchemicalsserotoninanddopaminemaybebothassociatedwithpleasureandmood.Muchofhappinesscomesfromotherthingssuchasfamily,friends,andaccomplishment.ArgumentsAgainstPeoplecaninfluencetheirfeelingsofwell-being.Counselingsuchaspsychotherapycanhelppeopletochangetheiroutlook,andeverydayactivitiessuchasreadingbooksorgardeningcankeeppeopleabovetheirhappinessnorm.Happinesscannotbemeasuredsimplybyaskingpeoplewhethertheyarehappyonaquestionnaireanstheyneedtobeobservedmorescientifically.Exploringthestrategy:identifyargumentsContentsExploringtheStrategyLead-inExploringtheContentFurtherReadingFurtherReadingHappinessisinYourDNA(Economist)Reading2PredictingSuccessfulRelationshipsContentsExploringtheContentExploringtheStrategyCulturalReflectionLead-inPerson