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有机化学专业词汇Angularmethylgroup角甲基Alkylidenegroup亚烷基Allylgroup烯丙基Allylic烯丙型[的]Phenylgroup苯基Arylgroup芳基Benzylgroup苄基Benzylic苄型[的]Activatinggroup活化基团Chromophore生色团Auxochrome助色团Magneticallyanisotropicgroup磁各向异性基团Smallyring小环Commonring普通环Mediumrimg中环Largering大环Bridged-ringsystem桥环体系Spirocompound螺环化合物Helicalmolecule螺旋型分子Octahedralcompound八面体化合物Conjugation共轭Conjugated-system共轭体系Acylcation酰[基]正离子Benzyliccation苄[基]正离子Arenirmion芳[基]正离子Ketylradical羰自由基Radicalion自由基离子Radicalcation自由基正离子Radicalanion自由基负离子Isomerism异构[现象]Aciform酸式Fluxionalstructure循变结构Stereochemistry立体化学Opticalactivity光学活性Dextroisomer右旋异构体Laevoisomer左旋异构体Tetrahedralconfiguration四面体构型Stereoisomerism立体异构[现象]Asymmetricatom不对称原子Asymmetriccarbon不对称碳Pseudoasymmetriccarbon假不对称碳Phantomatom虚拟原子Homotopic等位[的]Heterotopic异位[的]Enantiotopic对映异位[腯Diastereotopic非对映异位[的]Configuration构型Absoluteconfiguration绝对构型Chirality手性Chiral手性[的]Chiralcenter手性中心Chiralmolecule手性分子Achiral非手性[的]Fischerprojection费歇尔投影式Neomanprojection纽曼投影式D-LsystemofnomenclatureD-L命名体系R-SsyytemofnomenclatureR-S命名体系Cahn-Ingold-Prelonsequence顺序规则Symmetryfactor对称因素Planeofsymmetry对称面Mirrorsymmetry镜面对称Enantiomer对映[异构]体Diastereomer非对映[异构]体Epimer差向异构体Anomer端基[差向]异构体Erythroconfiguration赤型构型Erythroisomer赤型异构体Threoconfiguration苏型构型Threoisomer苏型异构体Trigonalcarbon三角型碳Cis-transisomerism顺反异构EisomerE异构体ZisomerZ异构体Endoisomer内型异构体Exoisomer外型异构体Prochirality前手性Pro-Rgroup前R基团Pro-Sproup前S基团RefaceRe面SifaceSi面Racemicmixture外消旋混合物Racemiccompound外消旋化合物Racemicsolidsolution外消旋固体溶液Mesocompound内消旋化合物Quasirecemate准外消旋体Conformation构象Conformational构象分析Torsionangle扭转角Rotamer旋转异构体Anticonformation反式构象Bisectingconformation等分构象Antiperiplanarconformation反叠构象Synperiplanarconformation顺叠构象Synclinalconformation反错构象Synclinalconformation顺错构象Eclipsedconformation重叠构象Gaucheconformation,skewcon-formation邻位交叉构象Staggeredconformation对位交叉构象Stericeffect空间效应Sterichindrance位阻Atropismer阻转异构体Puckeredring折叠环Conformationalinversion构象反转Chairconformation椅型构象Boatconformation船型构象Twistconformation扭型构象Skewboatconformation扭船型构象Half-chairconformation半椅型构象Pseudorotation假旋转Envelopeconformation信封[型]构象Axialbond直[立]键Equatorialbond平[伏]键Cisoidconformation顺向构象Transoidconformation反向构象Retentionofconfiguration构型保持Regioselectivity区域选择性Regiospecificity区域专一性Stereocelectivity立体选择性Stereospecificty立体专一性Conformer构象异构体Conformationaleffect构象效应Cram’srube克拉姆规则Prelog’rule普雷洛格规则Stereochemicalorientation立体[化学]取向Conformationaltransmission构象传递Homolog同系物Ipsoposition本位Orthoposition邻位Metaposition间位Paraposition对位Amphiposition远位Periposition近位Trigonalhybridization三角杂化Molecularorbiralmethod分子轨道法Valencebondmethod价键法Delocalezedbond离域键Crossconjugation交叉共轭Vinylog插烯物Mesomericeffect中介效应Resonance共振Resonanceeffect共振效应Hyperconjugation超共轭Isovalenthyperconjugation等价超共轭No-bondresonance无键共振Aromaticity芳香性Aromaticsexter芳香六隅Huckel’rule休克尔规则Paramagneticringcurrent顺磁环电流Diamagneticringcruuent抗磁环电流Homoaromaticity同芳香性Antiaromaticity反芳香性Alternanthydrocarbon交替烃Non-alternanthydrocarbon非交替烷Pericyclicreaction周环反应Electrocyclicrearrangement电环[化]重排Conrotatory顺旋Disroatatory对旋Cycloaddition环加成Symmetryforbidden-reaction对称禁阻反应Synfacialreaction同面反应Antarafacialreaction异面反应Mobiussystem默比乌斯体系Leoisstructure路易斯结构Coordinate-covalentbond配位共价键Bananabond香蕉键Paulingelectronegativityscale鲍林电负性标度Polarizability可极化性Inductiveeffect诱导效应Fieldeffect场效应Electricaleffect电场效应tautomerism互变异构Tautomerization互变异构化Keto-enoltautomerism酮-烯醇互变异构Phenol-ketotautomerism酚-酮互变异构Imine-enamineatutomerism亚胺-烯胺互变异构Ring-chaintautomerism环-链互变异构Valencetautomerism价互变异构Ambident两可[的]Solventeffect溶剂效应Acid-basecatalyxedreaction酸性溶剂Basicsolvent碱性溶剂Dielectricconstant介电常数Solvatedelectron溶剂化电子Acid-basecatalyzedreaction酸碱催化反应Conjugatebase共轭酸Conjugatebase共轭碱Thermodynamicacidity热力学酸度Kineticacidity动力学酸度Electrondonof-acceptorcomplex,EDAcomplex电子给[体]受体络合物Host主体Guest客体Primaryisotopeeffect一级同位素效应Secondaryisotopeeffect二级同位数效应Inverseisotopeeffect逆同位素效应Kineticcontrol动力学控制Thermodynamiccontrol热力学控制Substrate底物Intermediate中间体Reactiveintermediate活泼中间体Microscopicreversibility微观可逆性Hammondpostulate哈蒙德假说Linearfreeenergy线性自由能Non-bondedinteraction非键相互作用Torsionaleffect扭转效应Pitzerstrain皮策张力Restrictedrotation阻碍旋转Eclipsingeffect重叠效应Eclipsingstrain重叠张力Small-anglestrain小角张力Largeanglestrain大角张力Transannularinteraction跨环相互作用Transannularstrain跨环张力Istrain内张力Fstrain前张力Bstrain后张力Anomericeffect端基异构效应Waldeninversion瓦尔登反转Racemization外消旋化Isoinversion等反转Isoracemization等消旋Homochiral纯手性[的]Mechanism机理Unimolecularnucleophilic单分子亲核取代Bimolecularnucleophilicsub-stitution双分子亲核取代Bimolecularnucleophilicsubsti-tution(withallylicrearrange-ment)双分子亲核取代（含烯丙型重排）Internalnucleophilicsubstiru-tion分子内亲核取代Aromaticnucleophilicsubstitu-tion芳香亲核取代Unimolecularelectrophilicsub-stitution单分子亲电取代Bimolecularelectrophilicsubsti-tution双分子亲电取代Nucleophile-assistedunimolecu-larelectrophilicsubstitution亲核体协助单分子亲电取代Unimolecularelimination单分子消除Bimolecularelimination双分子消除Unimoleculareliminationthroughtheconjugatebase单分子共轭碱消除Bimoleculareliminationthroughtheconjugatebase双分子共轭碱消除Bimoleculareliminationwithfor-mationofacarbonylgroup双分子羰基形成消除Unimolecularacid-catalyzedacyl-oxygenc