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I国家概述1,TheUnionJackredcross:Englandwhitesaltire:Scotlandredsaltire:NorthernIreland2,ThisistheWelshflag(WelshDragon).ItisnotrepresentedintheUKFlagbecauseWaleswasruleddirectlyfromLondon.(beforethe1stversionofUKflag,WaleshadalreadybeenconqueredandconsideredtobepartofEngland)3,MottooftheUKGodandmyright.(English)天有上帝,我有权利。IIclimate1,DoesBritainhaveafavorableclimate？Why？Becauseamaritimetypeofclimate—wintersaremild,nottoocoldandsummersarecool,nottoohot;Ithasasteadyreliablerainfallthroughoutthewholeyear;Ithasasmallrangeoftemperature&lackofextremes.2,WhatarethefactorswhichinfluencetheclimateinBritain？Thesurroundingwatersbalancetheseasonaldifferences;Britainismainlyinfluencedbytheprevailingsouth-westwindsacrosstheAtlantic,whichbringwarmandwetairinwinterandkeepthetemperaturemoderate;TheNorthAtlanticDriftpassesthewesterncoastoftheBritishIslesandwarmsthem.IIIHistoryofBritainEarlySettlers(5000BC-55BC)1,Howabouttheircivilization?(Whatdidtheybringwiththem?)a)Theartofpotterymakingb)Theabilitytofashion(ornamentwithpatterns)bronzetoolsc)Thecustomofindividualburiald)Thehillforts(堡垒)andsmallfortifiedtowns(筑堡城镇).TheMaidenCastleisoneofthefinestexamples.2,Whatwastheirreligion?Druidism（德鲁伊德教），theDruids—thewisemen,astrologers,soothsayersIVTransitiontoModernAge(1455-1688)1,Whathappenedduringthe17thcentury?Duringthe17thcenturyPuritanismbecameapoliticalmovement:theparliamentarianswhofoughtCharlesIandtookpowerunderCromwellwerePuritans,andthestrugglebetweenthekingandparliamentisalsoknownasthePuritanRevolution.2,WhatelsewerethePuritanscalled?AftertheRestorationof1660thePuritanslefttheChurch,andfromthenonwereknownasDissentersorNonconformists.3．TheconsequencesoftheCivilWars(1)theEnglishCivilWarsnotonlyoverthrewfeudalsysteminEnglandbutalsoshookthefoundationoffeudalruleinEurope.(2)Itisgenerallyregardedasthebeginningofmodernworldhistory.(3)TheEnglishCivilWarisalsocalledthePuritanRevolution,astheKing’sopponentsweremainlyPuritan.4,Howdidthe“GloriousRevolution”breakout?A.JamesII’srevivalofCatholicisminEnglanda.WhenCharlesIIdied,hisbrothersucceeded,becomingJamesII.b.James,whowasbroughtupinexileinEurope,wasaCatholic.c.Hehopedtorulewithoutgivinguphispersonalreligiousviews.B.IntoleranceofCatholicanddethroneoftheKinga.ButEnglandwasnomoretolerantofaCatholicaskingin1688than40yearsago.b.SotheEnglishpoliticiansrejectedJamesII,andappealedtoaProtestantking.C.Co-monarchsa.WilliamofOrange（奥兰治王室）,James’sDutchnephewandhusbandofMary,James’sdaughter,wasinvitedtoinvadeandtaketheEnglishthrone.b.WilliamandMarywereinvitedforjointrule,andtheyjointlyacceptedtheBillofRights.D.thetakeoverwithnobloodshed,noranyexecutionoftheKing,thereforebecameknownastheGloriousRevolution.5,TheBillofRights《权力法案》In1689,WilliamandMaryacceptedtheBillofRightstobecrownedjointly.(1)ThebillexcludedanyRomanCatholicfromthesuccession(2)confirmedtheprincipleofparliamentarysupremacy(3)andguaranteedfreespeechwithinboththetwoHouses.(4)Thustheageofconstitutionalmonarchybegan.V.Judiciary(HeadedbyLordChancellor)VIEconomy1,EconomicdeclinetwoWorldWars—greateconomiclosstheeraoftheBritishEmpirewasover—decolonization(lossesofrawmaterial&market)militaryexpense(untiltheprocessofdecolonizationcompletedinthe1960s)2,CurrentBritishEconomytheworld'sfifthlargesteconomy(afterUS,Japan,GermanyandChina)TheUK'speoplearetheworld'stwelfthrichestSterling—performedrelativelywellagainstmajorcurrenciesinrecentyears五，福利六，宗教1，WhoisthefounderofChristianity?JesusChrist,whowascrucifiedaroundA.D.30inJerusalem,isthefounderofChristianity.2，WhoisJesusChrist?JesusChrististheSonofGod.Hecametoearthtoteachaboutloveandfellowship.HerepresentsthepersonthatallChristiansmuststrivetobe.JesuswasaJewwhowasbornabout2000yearsagoinBethlehem(1.伯利恒(耶路撒泠南方六英里一市镇,耶稣诞生地)).Jesuslivedfor33yearsbeforebeingcrucifiedbytheRomans.3,WhatothernamesisJesusknownby?SonofGodLightoftheWorldLambofGodTheGoodShepherd.4,WhatdoChristiansbelieve?ChristiansbelievethatJesusChristwastheSonofGodandthat:GodsenthisSontoearthtosavehumanityfromtheconsequencesofitssinsJesuswasfullyhuman,andexperiencedthisworldinthesamewayasotherhumanbeingsofhistimeJesuswastorturedandgavehislifeontheCross(AttheCrucifixion)JesusrosefromthedeadonthethirddayafterhisCrucifixion(theResurrection)ChristiansbelievethatJesuswastheMessiahpromisedintheOldTestamentChristiansbelievethatthereisonlyoneGod,butthatthisoneGodconsistsof3persons七，教育，假期1，Christmas→thebiggestandthemostpopularBritishholidaycelebratedonDecember25th.→tocommemoratethebirthofJesusChrist.→Peopleusuallydecoratehomeswithevergreenplants,Christmastreesandornaments.→TheyexchangegiftsandChristmascards.八，生活1，HolidaysandFestivalsinBritaintheChristmas'pantomimeBoxingDaytoheartheQueengiveherChristmasmessage九，政治1，What'stheroleoftheQueenorKing?Theheadofeverythingbutrulerofnothing.headofthestateanintegralpartofthelegislatureheadoftheexecutiveheadofthejudiciarythecommander-in-chiefofallarmedforcesoftheCrownthe‘supremeGovernor’oftheChurchofEngland.2，Theimportanceofthemonarchy:IsfoundinitseffectonpublicattitudeIsusedtorepresentthecontinuityandadaptabilityofthewho