(完整版)植物基因工程

GeneticEngineeringofPlantsⅠPlantsareveryimportantformankindⅡMaingoalofplantgeneticengineeringismakingtransgenicplantsⅢPrinciplesandmethodsⅣApplicationofplantgeneticengineeringⅤBiosafetyGeneticEngineeringofPlantsⅠPlantsareveryimportantformankind1)Photosynthesis2)Food3)EnvironmentalimprovementsGeneticEngineeringofPlantsⅠPlantsareveryimportantformankindⅡMaingoalofplantgeneticengineeringismakingtransgenicplantsFundamentalelements1)specificgenes2)vectors3)regenerationofplantGeneticEngineeringofPlantsⅠPlantsareveryimportantformankindⅡMaingoalofplantgeneticengineeringismakingtransgenicplantsⅢPrinciplesandmethods1Wholeplantscanbegrownfromsingecells2Leafdisksareanimportanttargetforgenetransfer3TiplasmidofAgrobacterium4Reportergenesdemonstratetransgeneexpressioninplanttissues5Virusescanbeusedasvectorsforwholeplants6GunsandelectricshockstransferDNAintoplantcells7Molecularcloningofplantgenes8ArabidopsisisbeingusedasamodelorganismformoleculargeneticanalysisofplantsGeneticEngineeringofPlantsⅢPrinciplesandmethods1Wholeplantscanbegrownfromsingecells2Leafdisksareanimportanttargetforgenetransfer3TiplasmidofAgrobacterium4Reportergenesdemonstratetransgeneexpressioninplanttissues5VirusescanbeusedasvectorsforwholeplantsGeneticEngineeringofPlantsⅢPrinciplesandmethods1Wholeplantscanbegrownfromsingecells2Leafdisksareanimportanttargetforgenetransfer3TiplasmidofAgrobacterium1)TiplasmidofAgrobacteriumcausescrowngalltumors2)T-DNA,partoftheTiplasmid,istransferredtoplantcells3)T-DNAhasbeenmodifiedtoactasagenevector4Reportergenesdemonstratetransgeneexpressioninplanttissues5VirusescanbeusedasvectorsforwholeplantsT-DNAcontains:1)opinesysthesisgenes2)iaaM,iaaH—auxins3)iptZ--phytohormoneTiplasmid---circulardsDNAabout200kbGeneticEngineeringofPlantsⅢPrinciplesandmethods3TiplasmidofAgrobacterium1)TiplasmidofAgrobacteriumcausescrowngalltumors2)T-DNA,partoftheTiplasmid,istransferredtoplantcells3)T-DNAhasbeenmodifiedtoactasagenevector4Reportergenesdemonstratetransgeneexpressioninplanttissues5VirusescanbeusedasvectorsforwholeplantsⅢPrinciplesandmethods3TiplasmidofAgrobacterium1)TiplasmidofAgrobacteriumcausescrowngalltumors2)T-DNA,partoftheTiplasmid,istransferredtoplantcellsThreecomponentsinvolvedinTiplasmidtumorinduction1)T-DNA2)virgenes(forvirulence)3)GenesinvolvedintransformationontheAgrobacteriumchromosomeforbindingthebacterialcellstotheplantPlantcellfactors-----virA/virG-----othervirgenes-----nickedatRB-----nickedatLB-----T-DNAenterscell----repairedandintegratedGeneticEngineeringofPlantsⅢPrinciplesandmethods3TiplasmidofAgrobacterium1)TiplasmidofAgrobacteriumcausescrowngalltumors2)T-DNA,partoftheTiplasmid,istransferredtoplantcells3)T-DNAhasbeenmodifiedtoactasagenevectorcointegrationvectorbinaryvector4Reportergenesdemonstratetransgeneexpressioninplanttissues5Virusescanbeusedasvectorsforwholeplantscointegrationvectorbinaryvector4ReportergenesdemonstratetransgeneexpressioninplanttissuesGeneticEngineeringofPlantsⅢPrinciplesandmethods5Virusescanbeusedasvectorsforwholeplants6GunsandelectricshockstransferDNAintoplantcellsBombardmentwithDNA-coatedbeadscanproducetransgenicorganelles7MolecularcloningofplantgenesT-DNAisusedasaninsertionmutagenUsingtransposableelements8Arabidopsisisbeingusedasamodelorganismformoleculargeneticanalysisofplantsmicroinjectioncell-to-cellinfectionGeneticEngineeringofPlantsⅢPrinciplesandmethods5Virusescanbeusedasvectorsforwholeplants6GunsandelectricshockstransferDNAintoplantcellsBombardmentwithDNA-coatedbeadscanproducetransgenicorganelles7MolecularcloningofplantgenesT-DNAisusedasaninsertionmutagenUsingtransposableelements8ArabidopsisisbeingusedasamodelorganismformoleculargeneticanalysisofplantsGeneGunGeneticEngineeringofPlantsⅢPrinciplesandmethods5Virusescanbeusedasvectorsforwholeplants6GunsandelectricshockstransferDNAintoplantcellsBombardmentwithDNA-coatedbeadscanproducetransgenicorganelles7MolecularcloningofplantgenesUsingtransposableelements(transposontagging)T-DNAisusedasaninsertionmutagen(insertionmutagenesis)8Arabidopsisisbeingusedasamodelorganismformoleculargeneticanalysisofplantstransposontagging(3.5kb)insertionmutagenesisGeneticEngineeringofPlantsⅢPrinciplesandmethods5Virusescanbeusedasvectorsforwholeplants6GunsandelectricshockstransferDNAintoplantcellsBombardmentwithDNA-coatedbeadscanproducetransgenicorganelles7MolecularcloningofplantgenesUsingtransposableelements(transposontagging)T-DNAisusedasaninsertionmutagen(insertionmutagenesis)8ArabidopsisisbeingusedasamodelorganismformoleculargeneticanalysisofplantsⅣApplicationofplantgeneticengineering1Plantsexpressingaviralcoatproteinresistinfection2Insectsfailtopreyonplantsexpressingabacterialtoxin3Herbicide-toleranttransgenicplantsallowmoreeffectivemanagementofweeds4Flowersexhibitingnewcolorsandpatternscanbeobtainedbygeneticengineering5Thepotentialuseofplantstoproduceproteinsisofcommercialimportance6Recombinantbovinegrowthhormonestimulatesmilkproductionandimprovesfeedutilization7ProceduresforgenerationoftransgenicfarmanimalsaredevelopedⅣApplicationofplantgeneticengineering1Pla