搜索
Asyouallknow,ChinaisgreatlyinfluencedbyConfucianism.TodayIwillintroduceafamousperson(peopleisplural,personissingular),Confucius.[Confucius,nameQiu,styledzhongNi,LuSpringandAutumnperiodofpeople.]--Idon'tunderstandwhatthismeans,butIbelieveLuSpringandAutumnperiodofpeopleshouldbeinthekingdomofLuduringtheSpringandAutumnperiodIsthatwhatyoumeant]Confuciusisafamousancientthinker,educator,andfounderofConfucianism.(liststhatdonotendinetc.alwaysneedandbeforethelastiteminthelist)Confuciuswasborninapoorfamilyintheyear,[andhewasborn--sinceyoualreadysaidthathewasbornyoudonotneedtosayitagain,soyoucandeletethis]inthestateofLu(nowQuFuShangdongprovince).Hisfather,commanderofadistrictinLu,diedthreeyearsafterConfuciuswasborn,leavingthefamilyinpoverty,butConfuciusreceivedafineeducation.Hewasmarriedattheageof19andhadonesonandtwodaughters.Confuciuswasawell-knownleaderinphilosophy.[andhealsomade--soundsmorenaturaltosayHealsoisfamousfor(usuallyyoucreateorsayphrasesratherthanmakethem)]manywisephrasesandtheoriesabout[the]law,life,and[the]government.(UsuallypeopleconsiderConfucius'sayingstoapplytomorethanonetypeoflaworgovernment,soyoudonotneedthearticlethe(itisbroaderthanongovernment,etc.))Confuciusisfamousforhisphilosophybecause[hemademanywisesayinginancientChinathathelpedmanypeople]--hiswisesayingshelpedmanypeopleinancientChinalearnaboutnature,theworld,and[the--delete]humanbehavior.Healsohelpedthegovernmentandtheemperorbyteachingthemlessonsonhowtheemperorshouldrulehiskingdomsuccessfully.AsthefounderandgreatthinkerofConfucianism,Confucius’sthoughtsweremainlycollectedintheConfucianAnalects(sincetheConfucianAnalectsareaspecificthing,youneedthearticlethe).TheConfucianAnalectsreflectConfucius’[politics,thoughts,andethicalrelationthoughts]--morenaturaltosaythoughtsonpoliticsandethics.IfyouwanttoknowmoreaboutConfucius,youshouldreadtheAnalectsofConfucius.[Ibelieveyoucouldlearnmorefromthisbook.]--repetitive.Couldremove,orsayleanrmorefromthisbookthanfrom(somethingelse)[ThoughtofConfucius]--Confucianthought[inChinesehistoryofgreatsignificance]--hasgreatsignificanceinChinesehistory,[has]--havingalreadyaffectedmorethantwothousandyearsofhistoryinChina,therefore,Confucius’spositioninhistoryisalsoveryhigh.Now,moreandmoreChineseandforeigners[start]--(areorhavestarted)studyingConfucianculture.Confucius[,are]--is(becauseyou'retalkingaboutConfucius,asingleperson)worthyof[greatpositionsof]--agreatpositionin(becauseusuallyonepersononlyholdsoneposition)China![Atlast,]--bettertosayLastly(atlastsoundslikewewaitedaverylongtimeforyoutofinishandarehappyyouaredone,whichisnotthecase:])IwanttointroducesomethingabouttheeyesofConfuciangentleman.Gentlemanly(adding-lymakesgentlemananadjectivetodescribepersonalityandsoundsmorenatural)personalityisoneoftheidealpersonalitymodeswhichallConfucians[havebeenpursuingandadoring]--(Confucianshavebeenpursuingthisideaforalongtime,whichiscorrect,butyoushouldsaythatthismodeissomethingwhichallConfucianspursueandadore,becauseitisnotjustpeoplewhohavebeenpursuingforalongtime,itisalsopeoplewhoarejuststartingtopursue).Ifyouwanttobeaperfectgentleman,it’snoteasy.Youshouldhaveagoodcommandofthesixarts:ritual,music,archery,carriagedriving(carriageonitsownisonlyanoun,needtheactofdrivingittomakeitanart),calligraphyandmathematics,buteventhisisnotenough.Confuciussaid,Agentlemandoesnotseeksatiety(satietyisaveryhardword!Ithinkitwouldbeeasiertosaysatisfaction,thisconceptisahardtotranslateeasilyintoEnglish)atthetableoreaseathome.Heisdiligentinbusinessandcautiousinspeech.Bothloyaltyandfilialpietyareattained,andsoon.Confucianphilosophyisakindofasystemofideasandthoughtsthattalkabout[thehuman's]--humanbeings'behaviorandtherulesthatyoushouldfollowto[make]--have(weusuallysayyouhaveasuccessfullifeoryoumakelifesuccessful)asuccessfullife.Now,wearestudingatQuFu,thehometownofConfucius.IthinkwemustlearnsomethingfromConfucius,althoughjustalittle.Iknow,maybewecould’tbecomeagentlemanorgentlewoman,butwestillcouldmakeasuccessfullifethroughlearningConfucianism.Thankyou,that’sall.